Two dimensional confinement induced discontinuous chain transitions for augmented electrocaloric cooling.

Overheating remains a major barrier to chip miniaturization, leading to device malfunction. Addressing the urgent need for thermal management promotes the development of solid-state electrocaloric cooling. However, enhancing passive heat dissipation through two-dimensional materials in electrocaloric polymers typically compromises the electrocaloric effect.

A Preclinical Immunogenicity Study of the Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nine-Valent Virus-like Particle Vaccine.

Background: Cervical cancer is associated with persistent infection of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Prophylactic HPV vaccines have been recommended and have significant efficacy in preventing cervical cancer. Multivalent HPV vaccines have a better preventative effect on HPV-related diseases.

Understanding the Causes of Keel Bone Damage and Its Effects on the Welfare of Laying Hens.

Keel bone damage (KBD) is a prominent concern within the realm of the egg-laying industry, exerting substantial impacts on the welfare and productivity of laying hens. This comprehensive review undertakes a detailed exploration of the diverse factors contributing to KBD, such as inadequate calcium sources in the medullary bone, genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, and physical stressors. The consequences of KBD on production performance, stress and inflammation levels, and the physical and chemical properties of the keel are meticulously examined.

Real-time detection of gaseous isotopic water molecules via photoinduced associative ionization mass spectrometry: Direct identification realized by distinctive mass spectrum patterns.

The real-time detection of gaseous HO and its typical isotopic molecules, e.g., HO, DO, HDO, and HTO, is highly desirable in many fundamental scientific studies and practical monitoring, such as mechanistic studies of HO-involved chemical reactions and radiation risk warning of abnormal HTO emissions.

What do ultrasound vocalizations really mean in rats with different origins of pain?

Objectives: This study is to assess how 22 kHz and 50 kHz spontaneous ultrasound vocalization (USV) calls would be affected by different origins of pain so as to validate the use of USV in pain studies.

Methods: Five well-established rat models of pain were used to evaluate various parameters of spontaneous 22 kHz and 50 kHz calls in adult male rats in terms of both acute and chronic or inflammatory and neuropathic or somatic and visceral origins. The effects of local lidocaine blockade of the injection site and intraperitoneal administration of antidepressant (amitriptyline) and anticonvulsant (gabapentin) were examined as well in typical inflammatory and neuropathic pain models, respectively.

Manipulating Toughness and Microstructure in Polyelectrolyte Complex Hydrogels with Competitive Surfactant Micelles.

Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) hydrogels provide a promising strategy to develop a class of physically cross-linked networks characterized by exceptional toughness and self-healing properties. However, the precise control of the microstructure and the enhancement of mechanical properties still pose challenges in the field of PEC hydrogels. Herein, we propose a strategy to manipulate the structure of PEC with competitively charged surfactant micelles, leveraging the spatially confined surface charge and excluded volume effects to overcome coacervation issues associated with the PEC, thus achieving a simple one-step preparation of macroscopically uniform and tough PEC hydrogels.

Inhibition of Circ0001679 Alleviates Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Brain Injury via miR-216/TLR4 Regulatory Axis.

Background: Stroke, primarily known as ischemic stroke, is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Reperfusion after the ischemia stroke resolves is necessary for maintaining the health of brain tissues; however, it also induces inflammation and oxidative stress, resulting in brain injury. This study aimed to investigate the role of circ0001679 in the pathology of I/R (Ischemia/Reperfusion)-induced brain injury and explore its therapeutic potential for I/R injury.

A rare case of FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma with signet ring cells features.

Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a clinically aggressive tumor with high rates of progression and mortality. A wide range of morphological variations has been observed in FH-deficient RCC, initially described as type 2 papillary RCC or unclassified RCC. Here, we report a case of FH-deficient RCC with rare signet ring cells features.

Overexpression of endothelial S1pr2 promotes blood-brain barrier disruption via JNK/c-Jun/MMP-9 pathway after traumatic brain injury in both and models.

Objectives: The disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) is associated with poor outcomes of TBI patients. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1pr2), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, is involved in endothelial activation and the regulation of vascular integrity. We hypothesized that the inhibition of S1pr2 may alleviate BBB disruption and explored potential underlying molecular mechanisms.

Correlation between the genotype, lifestyle habits, and cognitive deficits in Chinese adults over 60: a cross-sectional analysis in China.

Introduction: is regarded as the most significant genetic contributor linked to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Daily life elements might also influence cognitive abilities to some extent. This research aimed to investigate whether carrying alters the effects of lifestyle on cognitive ability.

Exploring the role of alternative lengthening of telomere-related genes in diagnostic modeling for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Previous studies have reported an association between telomere length and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore the involvement of alternative lengthening of telomere-related genes (ALTRGs) in the pathology of NAFLD, construct a risk signature, and evaluate both treatment and prognosis. Three NAFLD datasets (GSE48452, GSE89632, and GSE63067) were collected from the GEO database and merged into combined GEO datasets.

Enhancing Biocatalysis: Metal-Organic Frameworks as Multifunctional Enzyme Hosts.

ConspectusEnzymes are highly efficient and selective catalysts that operate under mild conditions, making them invaluable for various chemical transformations. However, their limitations, such as instability and high cost, call for advancements in enzyme immobilization and the development of suitable host materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by high porosity, crystallinity, and tunability, are promising candidates for enzyme encapsulation.

Selective Inhibition of P2Y and P2Y Receptor Signal Pathways in Platelet Aggregation in Transgenic Cell Lines and Rats by Potassium 2-(1-Hydroxypentyl)-Benzoate, Puerarin and Salvianolic Acid B.

Aim: Potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate (dl-PHPB), puerarin and salvianolic acid B are three natural products or derivatives that can inhibit platelet aggregation. However, the mechanisms of dl-PHPB, puerarin and salvianolic acid B to inhibit platelet aggregation are still not clear.

Method: Here, 2-methylthioadenosine diphosphate (2-MeSADP) was used as an inducer to confirm the effects of three drugs on platelet aggregation and illustrate the corresponding mechanisms.

Social contagion of pain and fear results in opposite social behaviors in rodents: meta- analysis of experimental studies.

Introduction: The study aimed to explore the key factors influencing emotional valence in rodents, focusing on the critical elements that distinguish the contagion processes of fear and pain.

Methods: Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we examined behavioral outcomes of rodents exposed to painful or fearful catastrophes to see whether they are prosocial or antisocial through three-chamber test and dyadic social interaction paradigm.

Results: Fear contagion, particularly when witnessed, leads to social avoidance behavior, unaffected by sex difference but more pronounced with age.

Leveraging Ligand Desymmetrization to Enrich Structural Diversity of Zirconium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Toxic Chemical Adsorption.

The discovery of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with novel structures provides significant opportunities for developing porous solids with new properties and enriching the structural diversity of functional materials for various applications. The rational design of building units with specific geometric conformations is essential to direct the construction of MOFs with unique properties. Herein, we leverage a ligand desymmetrization approach to construct a series of new MOFs.

Modulator-Directed Counterintuitive Catenation Control for Crafting Highly Porous and Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks with Record High SO Uptake Capacity.

Sulfur dioxide (SO) is an important industrial feedstock that can be directly utilized or catalytically transformed to value-added chemicals such as sulfuric acid. The development of regenerable porous sorbents for the highly efficient storage and energy-minimal release of toxic SO operating under ambient conditions has attracted growing interest. Herein, we report the topology-guided construction of highly porous -type metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through a counterintuitive modulator-directed catenation control approach.

Properties Investigation and Damage Analysis of GaN Photoconductive Semiconductor Switch Based on SiC Substrate.

The GaN photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSSs) with low leakage current and large on-state current are suitable for several applications, including fast switching and high-power electromagnetic pulse equipment. This paper demonstrates a high-power GaN lateral PCSS device. An output peak current of 142.

Spray-Coated Ultrathin and Porous Films for Physiological Sensing and Force Detection.

Epidermal electronics employed on human skin for the long term require good breathability and nonforeign wearing. In this work, we combine phase separation and spray coating to fabricate a porous and ultrathin electrode within minutes as well as micrometer-scale porous pressure sensors. The resulting electrodes show a water vapor transmission rate of 18.

Baseline computed tomography imaging findings could assist in early diagnosis of visceral pleural invasion for newly discovered early subpleural non-small cell lung cancer: T1 or T2.

Background: Preoperative accurate visceral pleural infiltration (VPI) diagnosis for T1-size non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is significant for clinical decision-making. The study aimed to explore the diagnostic efficacy of computed tomography (CT) imaging features and serum biomarkers in diagnosing VPI in newly discovered subpleural NSCLC ≤3 cm.

Methods: There were 447 patients with NSCLC ≤3 cm retrospectively enrolled and assigned to the VPI group (n=81) and the non-VPI group (n=366) based on elastic fiber staining results.

Linoleic Acid Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Alleviates Acute Lung Injury.

Introduction: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical and lethal medical condition. This syndrome is characterized by an imbalance in the body's oxidation stress and inflammation. Linoleic acid (LA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been extensively studied for its potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Integrated CO Capture and Conversion by a Robust Cu(I)-Based Metal-Organic Framework.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown promise in both capturing CO under flue gas conditions and converting it into valuable chemicals. However, the development of a single MOF capable of capturing and selectively converting CO has remained elusive due to a lack of a harmonious combination of selectivity, water stability, and reactivity. For example, Cu(I)-based MOFs are particularly effective for CO conversion, but they do not typically exhibit selective CO adsorption and often suffer from instability in the presence of air and moisture.