MAVS: The next STING in cancers and other diseases.

The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a pivotal adaptor in the antiviral innate immune signaling pathway and plays a crucial role in the activation of antiviral defences. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted functions of MAVS, spanning from its integral role in the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) pathway to its emerging roles in tumor biology and autoimmune diseases. We discuss the structural and functional aspects of MAVS, its activation mechanisms, and the intricate regulatory networks that govern its activity.

Study on Electrical and Temperature Characteristics of β-GaO-Based Diodes Controlled by Varying Anode Work Function.

This study systematically investigates the effects of anode metals (Ti/Au and Ni/Au) with different work functions on the electrical and temperature characteristics of β-GaO-based Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs), junction barrier Schottky diodes (JBSDs) and P-N diodes (PNDs), utilizing Silvaco TCAD simulation software, device fabrication and comparative analysis. From the perspective of transport characteristics, it is observed that the SBD exhibits a lower turn-on voltage and a higher current density. Notably, the V of the Ti/Au anode SBD is merely 0.

Effect of preoperative inspiratory muscle training combined with preoperative education on postoperative pulmonary complications in high-risk patients with lung cancer: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Preoperative inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is recognised as an important component of the preoperative management of lung cancer, although there is limited evidence for the delivery of a home-based IMT programme combined with preoperative education. We developed a programme combining short-term home-based IMT and preoperative physiotherapy education ('the programme'). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this programme in reducing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after lung cancer resection compared with standard care.

Performance of Bamboo Bark Fiber Asphalt Mortar Modified with Surface-Grafted Nano-SiO.

In this study, the feasibility of using bamboo bark fibers as modifiers to enhance asphalt mortar performance was investigated. Bamboo bark fibers were modified with NaOH, KH570 silane coupling agent, and nano-SiO, and their preparation methods were established. The modified fibers were assessed for their oil absorption, thermal stability, and hydrophobicity.

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Inhibits Oxidative Stress Through the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway to Improve Alzheimer Disease.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with an intricate pathophysiological mechanism. Oxidative stress has been shown in several investigations as a significant factor in AD progression. For instance, studies have confirmed that oxidative stress inhibition may considerably improve AD symptoms, with potent antioxidants being touted as a possible interventional strategy in the search for AD treatment.

Visual analysis of research hotspots and trends of external therapies in traditional Chinese medicine for depression.

Objective: Based on the visualization and analysis of the CiteSpace software, we aimed to explore the current research status and development trend of depression caused by external therapies in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and to provide a reference for further research in this field.

Methods: In the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, relevant articles on external therapies in TCM for depression were selected as the research objects, and CiteSpace performed the bibliometric analysis.

Results: In total, 1672 Chinese and 441 English articles were included after CiteSpace was used to remove duplicate articles and perform manual screening.

Dietary Flavonoid and Subclass Intakes are not Associated with Markers of Bone Health in U.S. Adults Age 50+ Years.

Background: Dietary flavonoid intakes have been associated with improved markers of bone health in Chinese and Scottish cohorts, but little data exist in middle aged to older adults in the United States.

Objectives: The objective of our research was to assess if dietary flavonoid intakes are associated with bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in a nationally representative population of middle aged to older U.S.

Color-reversible fluorescence tracking for the dynamic interaction of SO with Hg in living cells.

Mercury ion (Hg) is one of the most threatening substances to human health, and the mercury poisoning can damage physiological homeostasis severely in human, even cause death. Intriguingly, Sulfur dioxide (SO), a gas signal molecule in human, can specifically interact with Hg for relieving mercury poisoning. However, the dynamic interaction of Hg with SO at the tempospatial level and the correlation between Hg and SO in the pathological process of mercury poisoning are still elusive.

Chewing Gum Is Associated with Better Diet Quality but Not Oral Health Measures in U.S. Adults.

Objective: Chewing gum (especially sugar-free gum) has been linked to improved oral health, however there is an absence of observational research using nationally-representative data in the United States. We sought to examine the factors associated with chewing gum and its relationship with the oral health status of U.S.

Short-Term Efficacy of Cerebello-spinal tDCS and Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training in the Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration: a Rare Case Report.

The present case study reported a patient diagnosed with hypertrophic olivary degeneration, a rare condition characterized by a trans-neuronal degeneration and signal enhancement in T2-weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging, usually caused by cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and trauma. Furthermore, the relevant literature review was performed. The existing pharmacological treatment has limited clinical benefits on the patient.

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation in a Patient with Ataxia-Ocular Apraxia 2: a Case Report.

Ataxia-ocular apraxia 2 (AOA2) is a rare neurodegenerative autosomal recessive disorder with no effective treatment. In this study, we present the case of a patient diagnosed with AOA2, who experienced walking instability and uncoordinated movement. The patient underwent transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) treatment for 4 weeks with follow-up after 1 month.

Resveratrol can improve spinal cord injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often induces severe sensory and motor dysfunction. Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological process of secondary SCI, and its inhibition could facilitate the alleviation of the injury. Resveratrol is a natural plant polyphenol compound that has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Factors Mediating the Link Between Socioeconomic Status and Academic Outcomes of Children With Intellectual Disability.

The study explores the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on the academic outcomes of children with intellectual disability (ID), and the role of parental participation and parental attitudes toward educational communicators in this process. A total of 305 children with ID from special needs schools and their parents and teachers in China completed the survey. A structural equation model was built to explore the relation between the factors.

The Chinese adaptation and validation of the Fear of Being Single Scale for college students.

The Fear of Being Single Scale (FOBS) is a widely used measure of the fear of being single, but its applicability to Chinese populations has not been established. This study aimed to translate the FOBS into Chinese and examine its psychometric properties among Chinese college students. The study consisted of three phases with three samples (total n = 1768).

Acupuncture and related therapies for tension-type headache: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Tension-type headache (TTH) is one of the most common primary headaches. Several studies have confirmed the efficacy of acupuncture therapies for TTH, but it is uncertain which treatment is most effective.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of different acupuncture therapies for TTH using Bayesian Network Meta-analysis to provide new ideas for treating TTH.

Curcumin can improve spinal cord injury by inhibiting DNA methylation.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious central nervous system disease. Traumatic SCI often causes persistent neurological deficits below the injury level. Epigenetic changes occur after SCI.

Investigating the AIE and water sensing properties of a concise naphthalimide fluorophore.

A simple naphthalimide fluorophore NAP-HO was designed and synthesized. Basic photophysical properties were investigated, especially found that the probe showed robust green fluorescence in water compared with that in various organic solvents, and the specific mechanism was conformed to be the aggregation induced emission (AIE) through dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, solid-state luminescence and fluorescence imaging. Accordingly, the capability of NAP-HO for water sensing was examined, and good linear relationships between fluorescence intensities at the green emission band and the water content were obtained, enabling quantitative detection of water in organic solvents.

Maresin1 can be a potential therapeutic target for nerve injury.

Nerve injury significantly affects human motor and sensory function due to destruction of the integrity of nerve structure. In the wake of nerve injury, glial cells are activated, and synaptic integrity is destroyed, causing inflammation and pain hypersensitivity. Maresin1, an omega-3 fatty acid, is a derivative of docosahexaenoic acid.

Dual-loop diode-tuned Fourier domain harmonically mode-locked opto-electronic oscillator with over 50 dB side-mode spur reduction.

We propose and demonstrate a dual-loop harmonic Fourier domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator (FDML-OEO) for drastically reducing the side-mode spurs. The frequency domain mode-locking is achieved by synchronizing the scanning period of the filter to an integer fraction of the round trip times of the two loops with a self-made low cost diode-tuned RF filter. We found, for the first time to the best of authors' knowledge, that the frequency scanning bandwidth (FSBW) of the mode-locked output is strongly affected by the length mismatch between the two fiber loops.

Impact of home literacy environment on literacy development of children with hearing loss: A mediation model.

Reading presents an unsolved difficulty for children with hearing loss and research on factors influencing their literacy development is very limited. This work aimed to study the influence of home literacy environment (HLE) on literacy development of children with hearing loss and explore possible mediating effects of reading interest and parent-child relationship. 112 Chinese children with hearing loss were surveyed for scales of HLE, literacy development, reading interest, and parent-child relationship.

Quercetin Can Improve Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the mTOR Signaling Pathway.

The pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) is complex. At present, there is no effective treatment for SCI, with most current interventions focused on improving the symptoms. Inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress caused by secondary SCI may instigate serious consequences in the event of SCI.

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Extracellular Vesicles May Improve Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

The complexity of central nervous system diseases together with their intricate pathogenesis complicate the establishment of effective treatment strategies. Presently, the superiority of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on neuronal injuries has attracted significant attention. Similarly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potential interventional agents that could identify and treat nerve injuries.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast with markedly elevated alpha-fetoprotein: a case report.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (PNECB) is a relatively rare subtype of breast cancer that has seldom been studied since its initial description. At present, the pathogenesis of the disease remains unknown, and there exit no specific clinical guidelines or specifications for its diagnosis and treatment. In addition, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-despite being a tumor marker-plays a small role in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for senile insomnia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Senile insomnia seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly. With the increase of the proportion of insomnia in the elderly, compared with the elderly with normal sleep quality, the elderly with long-term insomnia are more likely to have dizziness, fatigue, and decreased immunity. Acupuncture has shown good effects in the treatment of insomnia.

Analysis of Distortion Based on 2D MEMS Micromirror Scanning Projection System.

To analyze the distortion problem of two-dimensional micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micromirror in-plane scanning, this paper makes a full theoretical analysis of the distortion causes from many aspects. Firstly, the mathematical relations among the deflection angle, laser incidence angle, and plane scanning distance of the micromirror are constructed, and the types of projection distortion of the micromirror scanning are discussed. Then the simulation results of reflection angle distribution and point cloud distribution are verified by MATLAB software under different working conditions.