Targeting the contact-kinin system: A cyclopeptide with anti-thromboinflammatory properties against stroke.

The contact-kinin system plays a central role in the thromboinflammatory pathology of ischemic stroke. Modulating this pathway represents a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Based on our recent findings demonstrating that the short peptide SD6 (SLGASD), derived from a specific influenza-related immunoglobulin heavy chain junction region sequence, exhibits anti-coagulant properties, we designed a cyclized version, cycloSD6, and evaluated its anti-ischemic stroke potential.

Fine particulate matter pollution in the Sichuan Basin of China from 2013 to 2020: Sources, emissions, and mortality burden.

Fine particulate matter (PM) pollution is a critical air quality concern which poses threats to public health. Despite strict air pollution control measures implemented in China since 2013, PM exceedances and region-wide PM episodes are still frequently observed in the Sichuan Basin (SCB) located in southwestern China. Here, we examine ambient PM pollution within the SCB from 2013 to 2020, focusing on emission sources, trends, and health outcomes.

Konjac glucomannan/ carboxylated cellulose nanofiber-based edible coating with tannic acid maintains quality and prolongs shelf-life of mango fruit.

Polysaccharide films containing antimicrobial agents have good prospects for application in the fruit industry. However, poor film-forming properties of polysaccharides remain a major challenge. In this work, the konjac glucomannan (KGM) was modified by cross-linking with carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF) to form a composite coating film, and tannic acid (TA) was provided as an active ingredient to improve the antibacterial effect.

Nitrogen imported in nickel clusters promotes carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction to carbon monoxide.

The Ni-N coordination structure has been shown to be conducive to the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) to CO, and this process has been extensively validated. However, the impact of Ni-N coordination structures within Ni-based clusters on CORR has received relatively limited research attention to date. In this study, catalysts containing Ni single atoms and Ni clusters (Ni-N/Ni) were synthesised, and subsequently, Ni clusters were transformed into NiN clusters (Ni-N/NiN) through secondary nitridation.

The myb transcription factor PtoPHL3 positively regulates poplar resistance to canker disease caused by Dothiorella gregaria.

Diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms impair plant growth, leading to reduced crop yields. While the molecular mechanisms of plant disease response are well understood in annual herbaceous species, they remain largely unknown in perennial woody plants. Here, we found that PtoPHL3, a key transcription factor in poplar's phosphorus starvation response, showed significant expression changes after treatments with salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and inoculation of Dothiorella gregaria that causes poplar canker disease.

Use of CD19-targeted Immune Modulation to Eradicate AAV Neutralizing Antibodies.

Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against adeno-associated virus (AAV) represent a significant obstacle to the efficacy of systemic recombinant AAV vector administration or re-administration. While there are some promising preclinical immunomodulation strategies in development, insights into which B cell subsets and compartments maintain persistent AAV NAb may define the optimal eradication strategy. Given the limited success of CD20-directed monotherapy in previous studies, we hypothesized that CD19-directed approaches that extend targeting into the plasma cell compartments may improve AAV NAb eradication.

Rumen microbiome associates with postpartum ketosis development in dairy cows: a prospective nested case-control study.

Background: Approximately, one-third of dairy cows suffer from postpartum diseases. Ketosis is considered an important inducer of other postpartum diseases by disrupting energy metabolism. Although the rumen microbiome may be involved in the etiology of ketosis by supplying volatile fatty acids, the rumen environmental dynamics of ketosis cows are unclear.

Multi-omics driven paradigm for construction of traditional Chinese Medicine Zheng (syndrome) diagnosis and treatment model, taking Shi Zheng (syndrome of dampness) as an example.

Background: Shi Zheng (SZ, syndrome of dampness) is a major syndrome type in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the ambiguity of its pathomechanism and the lack of blood diagnostic indicators have limited the understanding of the development of SZ.

Purpose: To explore the pathological mechanism of SZ and establish a symptom-centered diagnosis and treatment model.

Methods: We recruited 250 participants, including healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with SZ.

The effects of clinical crown length on the sagittal movement of maxillary central incisor in clear aligner treatment: a finite element exploration.

Background: The mechanism of force application in clear aligner treatment involves wrapping the clinical crowns, suggesting that the size of the clinical crowns may impact tooth movement. The present finite element study aimed to explore the impact of clinical crown length on the sagittal movement of maxillary central incisor in clear aligner treatment.

Methods: The standard maxillary dentition model was developed using computer tomography scanning.

Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic features and therapeutic targets in primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer. Duo to the current lack of precise targeted therapies, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we perform single-nucleus transcriptome analysis on PPLELC samples to reveal the molecular tumor heterogeneity and characterize the functional states of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma prevents activation of RBL-2H3 cells by inhibiting FcεRI-mediated signal transduction.

Background: Mast cells are essential contributors to the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) has recently been identified as being involved in the anti-inflammatory response by inhibiting mast cell activation.

Method: In this study, the PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone (PIO) was employed to evaluate the effects of PPAR-γ on the degranulation and production of pro-inflammatory mediators in RBL-2H3 cells.

A large-scale open image dataset for deep learning-enabled intelligent sorting and analyzing of raw coal.

Under the strategic objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, energy transition driven by new quality productive forces has emerged as a central theme in China's energy development. Among these, the intelligent sorting and analysis of raw coal using deep learning constitute a pivotal technical process. However, the progress of intelligent coal preparation in China has been constrained by the absence of accurate and large-scale data.

Enabling the synthesis of O3-type sodium anion-redox cathodes via atmosphere modulation.

The pursuit of advanced battery chemistries with enhanced energy density necessitates the exploration of new materials, a process intricately tied to synthesis science. Despite the promise of O3-type sodium oxygen anionic redox cathodes as high-capacity materials, their development has been severely hindered by a lack of understanding regarding synthetic mechanisms. Here, we elucidate the pivotal role of atmospheric conditions, particularly oxygen content, in the synthesis of such materials by synchronizing multiple operando characterization techniques to monitor changes in both solid and gaseous components.

High-frequency ultrasound induced the preparation of oxidized low density lipoprotein.

Foam cells have been frequently used in studies related to atherosclerosis. Traditional methods for inducing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) involve copper ion (Cu) treatment, which has inherent limitations such as prolonged oxidation times and residual copper ions. This study explored high-frequency ultrasound (400 kHz) as an alternative method for LDL oxidization.

Physiological analysis and transcriptome sequencing revealed that HSPA1 was involved in response to heat stress in thick-shell mussels, Mytilus coruscus.

Mytilus coruscus, being sensitive to temperature variations, has developed a protective mechanism against heat stress through the upregulation of genes encoding heat shock proteins. Past research indicates that exposure to heat stress can activate HSPA1 expression for protection, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms governing this response are not fully clear. Therefore, the emphasis of this study lies on regulating the expression of HSPA1 in mussels under high temperature stress.

Chemical defects and hydroxyls tailored porous tungsten-iron-lanthanum solid solution surface frustrated Lewis pairs for boosting visible-light photothermal oxidation of cyclohexane.

Photothermal synergy catalysis for cyclohexane oxidation is recognized as an effective and environmentally friendly strategy for producing a mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (known as KA oil). However, certain challenges hinder its application for the one-step production of adipic acid (AA), highlighting the need for further advancements. This study presents a successful strategy for preparing a porous coral-shaped tungsten-iron-lanthanum solid solution (L-WFeLaO-450) through a combination of cold gelation and calcination methods.

Cross-sectional-dependent microbial assembly and network stability: Bacteria sensitivity response was higher than eukaryotes and fungi in the Danjiangkou Reservoir.

Water depth variation can lead to the vertical structure change of microbial communities in reservoirs, and then affect the relationship between the microbial communities along the depth gradient, profoundly affecting the stability of the aquatic ecosystems. However, the interspecific dynamics of microbial communities across different water layers in deep-water low-nutrient drinking water reservoirs remain not well understood. Thus, we assessed microbial communities' dynamic changes in different water layers in this study.

The pancreatitis-cancer transformation-related factor, human rhomboid family-1, promotes pancreatic cancer progression through the SRC/YAP signaling pathway.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy characterized by rapid progression, unfavorable outcomes, and a low early detection rate. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of pancreatic tumors is essential for early detection and for developing preventive measures. Even though human rhomboid family-1 (RHBDF) acts as an oncogene in various tumors, the role of RHBDF in pancreatic cancer progression remains unexplored.

Bifunctional chitosan/tannin aerogel for gold recovery via electrostatic attraction and in-situ reduction.

Enhancing gold recovery from wastewater significantly boosts resource efficiency and safeguards the environment. Addressing this need, we have proposed a straightforward and efficient one-step approach utilizing a multifunctional cellulose/chitosan/tannin aerogel (CCTG) to recover Au (III) through a combined adsorption-reduction mechanism. Under optimal conditions of pH 3 and 35 °C, our CCTG demonstrates a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of 1761.

A type of phenolic compound, hydroxyacetophenone: tyrosinase inhibition mechanism evaluation by application of biochemical assay and computational molecular dynamics.

Screening and developing tyrosinase inhibitors with novel structures are notable to receive attention in the field of skin pigmentation research due to their application in hyperpigmentation control. Hydroxyacetophenone is a natural antioxidant found in the (Norwegian spruce) needles and is widely used in the cosmetic industry as an antioxidant ingredient. In this study, integrations of virtual molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and biochemical inhibition kinetics were conducted to validate the inhibitory function of hydroxyacetophenone on tyrosinase.

Genome-wide identification unravels the role of the arabinogalactan peptide (AGP) gene family in cotton plant architecture.

In our study, we identified the gene Gohir.A08G240900 as a potential target for regulating cotton plant height, providing a genetic basis for enhancing cotton morphology. Arabinogalactan peptides are a class of hydroxyproline-rich proteins widely distributed in plants that participate in many life processes, including growth and development, cell division and even plant reproductive development.

Photodegradation Controls of Potential Toxicity of Secondary Sunscreen-Derived Microplastics and Associated Leachates.

The escalating environmental concern over secondary microplastics (SMPs) stems from their physicochemical evolution from primary microplastics (PMPs), yet the contribution of varying physicochemical transformations to the ultimate environmental risks remains unknown. In this study, a photomechanical degradation process was employed to convert the primary sunscreen-derived microplastics (SDMPs) into secondary SDMPs. While mechanical degradation caused physical fragmentation, photodegradation induced both physical and chemical alterations, introducing surface oxidation, chemical bond scission, and cross-linking to the secondary SDMPs.

Latest evidence on assessment and invasive management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) in the older population.

Introduction: Invasive management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) should be considered regardless of age, but a key challenge is deciding which patients are most likely to benefit from an invasive approach in the older population. In addition to assessment of the clinical signs and symptoms, a holistic assessment of geriatric syndromes such as frailty, multimorbidity and cognitive impairment is of increasing importance. Recent trials have validated the roles of physiological assessment and intracoronary imaging to guide revascularisation.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in 470 Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in 470 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China, focusing on treatment-related risk factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 470 children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China from January 2020 to July 2022. Data were collected from electronic medical records, field investigations, and telephone follow-ups, covering sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status, disease and treatment history, and microbiological factors.

Role of ultrasonography in assessing respiratory muscle loss: insights from a cross-sectional study on neurological patients with long-term bed rest with and without tracheostomy.

Objective: Prolonged immobilization is the main cause of muscle loss, particularly in patients with tracheostomy. The parasternal intercostal muscle (ICM) and diaphragm are commonly evaluated using ultrasonography; however, the importance of the fifth ICM has been overlooked. We compared the thickness and echogenicity of the second and fifth ICMs and diaphragm in patients with and without tracheostomy to determine the associations with onset duration and other factors and to characterize the respiratory muscle loss.