Characterization and genomic analysis of Abortusequi phage, vB_SalP_LDDK01, and its biocontrol application in donkey meat.

Abortusequi ( Abortusequi) is the primary cause of abortions in equine animals, and can cause serious foodborne illness. Thus, effective biocontrol strategies are needed to decontaminate and control the emergence of foodborne diseases. In recent years, phages have been used as a new strategy for modulating foodborne pathogens and food safety.

Trace phospholipid and fatty acid differences between dairy and plant-based milk products by H and P NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis.

With development of modern food industry, plant-based milk products are widely used to replace dairy products to cook different kinds of food. Due to different origins, it is necessary to assess the nutrition difference between dairy and plant-based milk products. Phospholipids and unsaturated fatty acids, as the important nutrients in cream and butter, were closely related to body development and health.

CryoSeek II: Cryo-EM analysis of glycofibrils from freshwater reveals well-structured glycans coating linear tetrapeptide repeats.

Despite the recent breakthrough in structure determination and prediction of proteins, the structural investigation of carbohydrates remains a challenge. Here, we report the cryo-EM analysis of a glycofibril found in the freshwater in the Tsinghua Lotus Pond. The fibril, which we name TLP-4, is made of a linear chain of tetrapeptide repeats coated with >4 nm thick glycans.

A new perspective on bone development in vitamin D deficiency-associated obese children.

Vitamin D is crucial for maintaining bone health and development, and bone mineral accumulation during childhood and adolescence affects long-term bone health. Vitamin D deficiency has been widely recognized as one of the main causes of osteoporosis and fractures, especially during the growth and development stage of children. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency may affect the deviation of bone development in children by mediating lipid metabolism disorders, but its specific mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated.

Elucidating the impact of mulching film on organic carbon mineralization from the perspective of aggregate level.

Plastic films mulching, a management strategy designed to boost agricultural productivity, significantly impacts soil fertility and the turnover of soil organic carbon (SOC). Aggregates in the soil play a crucial role in this SOC cycling. Yet, the effect of mulching on the changes in organic carbon components and the mineralization at the aggregate scale is still not well understood.

Genome-wide characterization of Solanum tuberosum UGT gene family and functional analysis of StUGT178 in salt tolerance.

UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) widely exist in plants and play essential roles in catalyzing the glycosylation reaction associated with metabolic processes. UGT gene family has been identified in many species to date. However, the comprehensive identification and systematic analysis have not been documented yet in the latest potato genome.

Organ-specific sympathetic innervation defines visceral functions.

The autonomic nervous system orchestrates the functions of the brain and body through the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. However, our understanding of the autonomic system, especially the sympathetic system, at the cellular and molecular levels is severely limited. Here we show topological representations of individual visceral organs in the major abdominal sympathetic ganglion complex.

Protective Role of Cepharanthine Against Equid Herpesvirus Type 8 Through AMPK and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway Activation.

Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) is known to cause respiratory disease and miscarriage in horses and donkeys, which is a major problem for the equine farming industry. However, there are currently limited vaccines or drugs available to effectively treat EqHV-8 infection. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new antiviral approaches to prevent potential pandemics caused by EqHV-8.

Genome-Wide Characterization of CCoAOMT Gene Family and Identification of StCCoAOMT Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis.

Background: The caffeoyl-CoA-O methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) family plays essential roles in the methylation of various secondary metabolites, including anthocyanins. Despite the wide identification of the CCoAOMT family in plants, the characterization and function of CCoAOMT protein members in remain poorly understood.

Methods And Results: In this study, a total of 12 StCCoAOMT members were identified in the genome of using the Blastp and HMM search and were unevenly located on eight chromosomes.

Construction of molecular subtype and prognostic model for gastric cancer based on nucleus-encoded mitochondrial genes.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common digestive system cancer, characterized by a significant mortality rate. Mitochondria is an indispensable organelle in eukaryotic cells. It was previously revealed that a series of nucleus-encoded mitochondrial genes (NMG) mutations and dysfunctions potentially contribute to the initiation and progression of GC.

Alterations of gray matter asymmetry in internet gaming disorder.

Structural asymmetry is a subtle but pervasive property of the human brain, which has been found altered in various psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. However, little is known regarding potential alterations of structural asymmetry underlying internet gaming disorder (IGD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the structural features of gray matter asymmetry in IGD.

Architecture of the spinach plastid-encoded RNA polymerase.

The plastid-encoded RNA polymerase serves as the principal transcription machinery within chloroplasts, transcribing over 80% of all primary plastid transcripts. This polymerase consists of a prokaryotic-like core enzyme known as the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase core, and is supplemented by newly evolved associated proteins known as PAPs. However, the architecture of the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase and the possible functions of PAPs remain unknown.

Polysaccharide-based biopolymeric magnetic hydrogels for remediation of antibiotics from aqueous solution.

Polysaccharide-based biopolymeric magnetic hydrogels have garnered significant attention as effective materials for wastewater treatment due to their high adsorption capacity and environmentally friendly nature. This review examines recent advancements in the development of biopolymeric magnetic hydrogels derived from polysaccharides such as cellulose, chitosan, alginate, carrageenan, starch, and gums, with a focus on their application in removing antibiotics from contaminated water as it not only enhances adsorption performance but also simplifies separation processes after treatment, making them highly efficient for practical applications. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis techniques, performance characteristics, and interaction mechanisms of these hydrogels, highlighting their renewability and suitability for large-scale water treatment.

Small peptide SiDVL/RTFLs from foxtail millet inhibit root growth through repressing auxin signaling in transgenic Arabidopsis.

SiDVLs inhibit auxin signaling to regulate root growth by enhancing the expression of Aux/IAAs and reducing the protein accumulation of PINs. The DEVIL/ ROTUNDIFOLIA (DVL/RTFL), a small polypeptide family, is conserved in seed plants and important in regulating plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.

A modified model of PANoptosisto identify prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer.

Background: Cell death, including apoptosis and necrosis, collectively known as widespread apoptosis. The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of action in widespread apoptosis-related modification patterns in bladder cancer.

Methods: Using a clinical genomics database, we obtained transcriptomic data and related clinical information of bladder cancer patients.

Organ-specific Sympathetic Innervation Defines Visceral Functions.

The autonomic nervous system orchestrates the brain and body functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. However, our understanding of the autonomic system, especially the sympathetic system, at the cellular and molecular levels is severely limited. Here, we show unique topological representations of individual visceral organs in the major abdominal sympathetic ganglion complex.

Effects of adipose tissues on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and reduced heart rate variability: mediation analysis.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with decreased heart rate variability (HRV) with an unclear intermediate mechanism. This study aimed to conduct mediation analysis to explore the impact of various adipose tissues on the relationship between T2DM and HRV.

Methods: A total of 380 participants were enrolled for analysis, including 249 patients with T2DM and 131 non-diabetic controls.

The Predictive Value of Time-Varying Noninvasive Scores on Long-Term Prognosis of NAFLD in South Korea.

Background: This study aimed to examine whether repeated measurements on noninvasive fibrosis scores during follow-up improve long-term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outcome prediction.

Methods: A cohort study of 2,280 NAFLD patients diagnosed at the Seoul National University Hospital from 2001 to 2015 was conducted. Multivariable Cox regression models with baseline and designated time-point measurements of the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) were used to assess the association between these scores and overall mortality, liver-related outcomes, and cardiovascular events.

The functional subclasses of AT1 receptor autoantibody in patients with coronary heart disease.

Recently, the identification of autoantibodies (AT1-AA) targeting the second extracellular loop of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R-ECII) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) offers a novel perspective on the interplay between immunity and cardiovascular disease. However, much remains unknown regarding the functional diversity of AT1-AA. In this study, we measured the levels of AT1-AA in the sera of 306 CHD patients and purified AT1-AA from patient's sera (n = 127).

Endothelial metabolic control of insulin sensitivity through resident macrophages.

Endothelial cells (ECs) not only form passive blood conduits but actively contribute to nutrient transport and organ homeostasis. The role of ECs in glucose homeostasis is, however, poorly understood. Here, we show that, in skeletal muscle, endothelial glucose transporter 1 (Glut1/Slc2a1) controls glucose uptake via vascular metabolic control of muscle-resident macrophages without affecting transendothelial glucose transport.

Chromosome 1q21 Aberrations Are Poor Prognostic Factors for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Background: Chromosome 1q21 aberrations are one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, the prognostic value remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of numerical abnormalities of chromosome 1q21 for newly diagnosed patients with MM patients in Chinese population.