GenAI synthesis of histopathological images from Raman imaging for intraoperative tongue squamous cell carcinoma assessment.

The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence. Therefore, a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is imperative to ensure thorough tumor resection. In this study, we integrate Raman imaging technology with an artificial intelligence (AI) generative model, proposing an innovative approach for intraoperative margin status diagnosis.

Clinical Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis Between CSF1R- and AARS2-Related Leukoencephalopathy.

CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy (CSF1R-L) and AARS2-related leukoencephalopathy (AARS2-L) were two disease entities sharing similar phenotype and even pathological changes. Although clinically, radiologically, and pathologically similar, they were caused by mutation of two different genes. As the rarity of the two diseases, the differential diagnosis of them was difficult.

Analysis of the relevant factors for corneal graft rejection in the southern Liaoning region from 2019 to 2023.

Background: The study aimed to review the etiology of corneal blindness and investigate the relative risk of corneal graft rejection (CGR) in the southern Liaoning region.

Methods: The clinical records of 359 patients (394 eyes) who underwent corneal transplantation at the Department of Keratoconus of the Third People's Hospital of Dalian from January 2019 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The data included patients' age, gender, occupation, diagnosis, surgical procedure, postoperative immune rejection, and neovascularization.

Inhibition of miR-9-3p facilitates ferroptosis by activating SAT1/p53 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and accounts for about 40% of all lung cancer cases. This research aims to investigate the effects of miR-9-3p on ferroptosis in LUAD cells and to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms. Studies have shown that LUAD is related to ferroptosis, and specific microRNAs (miRNA) are also related to ferroptosis.

Glycoprotein 350-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for nonneoplastic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection: a case report.

Background: Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is a rare disease in which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) persists and replicates, causing chronic symptoms and fatal complications. The treatment of CAEBV is still evolving. Our case report showed a new therapy for CAEBV.

Correction to "Optochemical Control of mTOR Signaling and mTOR-Dependent Autophagy".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00230.

Protein-Guided Biomimetic Calcification Constructing 3D Nitrogen-Rich Core-Shell Structures Realizing High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Biomimetic calcification is a micro-crystallization process that mimics the natural biomineralization process, where biomacromolecules regulate the formation of inorganic minerals. In this study, it is presented that a protein-assisted biomimetic calcification method for the in situ synthesis of nitrogen-doped metal-organic framework (MOF) materials. A series of unique core-shell structures are created by utilizing proteins as templates and guiding agents in the nucleation step, creating ideal conditions for shell growth.

Characterizing Droughts During the Rice Growth Period in Northeast China Based on Daily SPEI Under Climate Change.

In agricultural production, droughts occurring during the crucial growth periods of crops hinder crop development, while the daily-scale standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index () can be applied to accurately identify the drought characteristics. In this study, we used the statistical downscaling method to obtain the daily precipitation (), maximum air temperature () and minimum air temperature () during the rice growing season in Heilongjiang Province from 2015 to 2100 under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.

Adipocyte-derived ferroptotic signaling mitigates obesity.

Ferroptosis is characterized as an iron-dependent and lipophilic form of cell death. However, it remains unclear what role ferroptosis has in adipose tissue function and activity. Here, we find a lower ferroptotic signature in the adipose tissue of individuals and mice with obesity.

Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a major cause of pain and disability in older individuals worldwide. Although increasing studies of traditional machine learning (TML) and deep learning (DL) were conducted in the field of diagnosing LSS and gained prominent results, the performance of these models has not been analyzed systematically.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to pool the results and evaluate the heterogeneity of the current studies in using TML or DL models to diagnose LSS, thereby providing more comprehensive information for further clinical application.

Global burden, risk factors, and projections of early-onset dementia: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Despite increasing global awareness of dementia, reliable estimates of the disease burden associated with Early-Onset Dementia (EOD) remain insufficiently quantified. This study aims to estimate the disease burden of EOD, analyze the burden attributable to risk factors from 1990 to 2021, and project these trends to 2050 at global, regional, and national levels, providing essential data to inform public health policy.

Methods: By utilising data from the GBD 2021 database, this study analysed metrics such as age-standardized prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (AS-DALYs) for EOD.

Cyano and Fluorine-Enhanced Copolymer Electrolytes: Synergistically Boosting High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries.

In high-voltage lithium metal batteries, designing electrolytes with low salt concentrations to achieve stable electrode interfaces presents a formidable challenge. High-concentration electrolytes stabilize the interface through an anion-derived LiF-rich interphase; however, their anion-rich solvation structures compromise the ionic conductivity. This study introduces a polymer-derived interphase that maintains interface stability at low lithium salt concentrations (∼1 M).

Causal relationship between cathepsins and major salivary gland neoplasms: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have suggested a potential link between cathepsins and major salivary gland neoplasms (MSGNs), but the causality of this relationship remains uncertain. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a significant genetic method that employs single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs). This approach reduces confounding effects, enabling the analysis of causal relationships between exposure traits and outcome diseases.

Development of Aromatic Organic Materials for High-Performance Lithium-on Batteries: Strategies, Advances and Future Perspectives.

Ever since lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were successfully commercialized, aromatic compounds have attended every turning point in optimizing electrolytes, separators, and even electrode materials. However, the contribution of aromatic compounds has always been neglected compared to other advanced materials. At the same time, designing next-generation LIBs with higher flexibility, solid-state electrolytes, high energy density, and better Coulombic Efficiency (CE) has imposed stricter duties on aromatic components.

Analysis of Risk Factors Causing Adjacent Disc Degeneration After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Purpose: Adjacent disc degeneration (ADD) is a common postoperative complication after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). However, risk factors for ADD after PKP have not been reported. This study aimed to determine whether osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) following PKP is associated with a high risk for ADD and to identify the risk factors for ADD.

A Design Strategy for Low-Cost Single/Dual-Band Photodetector: Bulk Heterojunction and Interface Engineering.

Photodetectors (PDs) with band selection functions are highly desirable for the future complex environment. Currently, band-selective PDs are typically realized by integrating various optical filters with broadband PDs or constructing heterojunction with multi-photo-absorbing layers. However, these methods cause increased manufacturing costs and device integration complexity.

Respiratory delivery of single low-dose nebulized PFCE-C25 NEs for lymphatic transport and durable stimulation of antitumor immunity in lung cancer.

The currently available immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) often fail to achieve the desired clinical outcomes due to inadequate immune activation, particularly in patients with lung cancer. To reverse this situation, we synthesized inhalable PFCE-C25 nanoemulsions (NEs), which target lymphocyte activation genes (LAG-3) on immune cells within tumor microenvironment and tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). By combining in vivo F-MR molecular imaging, we investigate the immunological effects of a single low-dose PFCE-C25 NEs in multiple murine lung cancer models, including human immune system (HIS) mouse models, and validated its immunological effects in human TDLNs.

Simulation Study of High-Precision Characterization of MeV Electron Interactions for Advanced Nano-Imaging of Thick Biological Samples and Microchips.

The resolution of a mega-electron-volt scanning transmission electron microscope (MeV-STEM) is primarily governed by the properties of the incident electron beam and angular broadening effects that occur within thick biological samples and microchips. A precise understanding and mitigation of these constraints require detailed knowledge of beam emittance, aberrations in the STEM column optics, and energy-dependent elastic and inelastic critical angles of the materials being examined. This simulation study proposes a standardized experimental framework for comprehensively assessing beam intensity, divergence, and size at the sample exit.

Depression screening model for middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients in China.

Diabetes is a common global disease closely associated with an increased risk of depression. This study analyzed China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data to examine depression in diabetic patients across China. using 29 variables including demographic, behavioral, health conditions, and mental health parameters.

Surface coverage and reconstruction analyses bridge the correlation between structure and activity for electrocatalysis.

Electrocatalysis is key to realizing a sustainable future for our society. However, the complex interface between electrocatalysts and electrolytes presents an ongoing challenge in electrocatalysis, hindering the accurate identification of effective/authentic structure-activity relationships and determination of favourable reaction mechanisms. Surface coverage and reconstruction analyses of electrocatalysts are important to address each conjecture and/or conflicting viewpoint on surface-active phases and their corresponding electrocatalytic origin, , so-called structure-activity relationships.

Metal-Hydroxide Organic Frameworks for Aqueous Nickel-Zinc Batteries.

Hydroxides exhibit a high theoretical capacity for energy storage by ion release and are often intercalated with anions to enhance the ion migration kinetics. In this study, a series of metal-hydroxide organic frameworks (MHOFs) are synthesized by intercalating aromatic organic linkers into hydroxides using I-M/Ni(OH) (where M = Co, Cu, Mg, Fe). The coordination environment and layer spacing (1.

Metal artifact suppression in terahertz computed tomography.

Metal artifact suppression in images of terahertz computed tomography is a bottleneck problem that hinders the development of this technique, and few studies have been conducted so far. In this paper, we propose a metal artifact suppression method containing 8 steps based on the idea of sinogram restoration. The method has been applied to the slice images of several metal objects and the effects before and after metal artifact suppression have been compared to verify the effectiveness of the method.