Vaccine Specifically for Immunocompromised Individuals against Superbugs.

Immunocompromised populations, including cancer patients, elderly individuals, and those with chronic diseases, are the primary targets of superbugs. Traditional vaccines are less effective due to insufficient or impaired immune cells. Inspired by the "vanguard" effect of neutrophils (NE) during natural infection, this project leverages the ability of NE to initiate the NETosis program to recruit monocytes and DC cells, designing vaccines that can rapidly recruit immune cells and enhance the immune response.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of steroid refractory grades III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease with long-term follow-up.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied as a potential treatment for steroid refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). However, the majority of clinical trials have focused on bone marrow-derived MSCs.

Methods: In this study, we report the outcomes of 86 patients with grade III-IV (82.

Proton-activated chloride channel increases endplate porosity and pain in a mouse spine degeneration model.

Chronic low back pain (LBP) can severely affect daily physical activity. Aberrant osteoclast-mediated resorption leads to porous endplates, which allow the sensory innervation that causes LBP. Here, we report that expression of the proton-activated chloride (PAC) channel was induced during osteoclast differentiation in the porous endplates via a RANKL/NFATc1 signaling pathway.

Outcomes of the transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: A population-based study.

Background: Histological transformation (HT) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common complication of follicular lymphoma (FL) and is usually associated with a dismal outcome. However, the survival rate of these patients has improved over the last 20 years with the introduction of rituximab. This study aimed to access the outcome of transformation to DLBCL (t-DLBCL) from FL in a retrospective series that began after the widespread use of rituximab use.

Targeting and cytotoxicity of chimeric antigen receptor T cells grafted with PD1 extramembrane domain.

Background: Immunosuppression induced by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) presents a significant constraint on the effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy. The potential of combining PD1/PDL1 (Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1) axis blockade with CAR-T cell therapy is promising. However, developing a highly efficient and minimally toxic approach requires further exploration.

A China-developed adenovirus vector-based COVID-19 vaccine: review of the development and application of Ad5-nCov.

Introduction: The global spread of COVID-19 has prompted the development of vaccines. A recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) developed by Chinese scientists has been authorized for use as a prime and booster dose in China and several other countries.

Areas Covered: We searched published articles as of 4 May 2023, on PubMed using keywords related to Adenovirus vector, vaccine, and SARS-CoV-2.

Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Hesitancy Using the Modified 5C Scale in Zhejiang Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Following the rollout of a booster campaign to promote immunity against COVID-19 in China, this study aimed to assess booster hesitancy among adults who were fully vaccinated with primary doses across Zhejiang Province. Firstly, the modified 5C scale developed by a German research team was assessed for reliability and validity via a pre-survey in Zhejiang Province. Then, a 30-item questionnaire was established to conduct online and offline surveys during 10 November to 15 December 2021.

An accessible, efficient, and accurate natural language processing method for extracting diagnostic data from pathology reports.

Context: Analysis of diagnostic information in pathology reports for the purposes of clinical or translational research and quality assessment/control often requires manual data extraction, which can be laborious, time-consuming, and subject to mistakes.

Objective: We sought to develop, employ, and evaluate a simple, dictionary- and rule-based natural language processing (NLP) algorithm for generating searchable information on various types of parameters from diverse surgical pathology reports.

Design: Data were exported from the pathology laboratory information system (LIS) into extensible markup language (XML) documents, which were parsed by NLP-based Python code into desired data points and delivered to Excel spreadsheets.

Immortal Time Bias-Corrected Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (C-EVID): A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Relatively little is known about the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: In this nationwide, multicenter, prospective, cohort study, eligible patients aged 18-75 years with radical resection, and histologically confirmed stage II-IIIA NSCLC were enrolled. All patients received 4 cycles of standard adjuvant chemotherapy.

Immunogenicity and safety of the 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine in Chinese females 9-45 years of age: A phase 3 open-label study.

Background: The 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV; HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine was approved for use in Chinese women aged 16-26 years in 2018. This phase 3, open-label study (NCT03903562) compared 9vHPV vaccine immunogenicity and safety in Chinese females aged 9-19 years and 27-45 years with Chinese females aged 20-26 years; we report results from day 1 through 1 month post-Dose 3. The study will continue through 54 months post-Dose 3 to assess antibody persistence in Chinese girls aged 9-19 years.

Research on Protection Performance of Surge Protective Devices against Electromagnetic Pulse.

To evaluate the protection performance of SPD (surge protective device) against electromagnetic pulse, the response ability of several typical surge protective devices to wide and narrow electromagnetic pulses was tested by using a SPD response ability test system. The results showed that SPD commonly used in lightning surge protection had certain ability to suppress electromagnetic pulse conduction disturbance. Gas discharge tubes presented typical clamping characteristics for wide pulses.

Increased risk of nonrelapse mortality post T-cell-replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation in patients with recurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) causes significant morbidity and mortality. While most studies focus on classic or late aGVHD, some patients with previous aGVHD achieve complete remission and later develop another episode of aGVHD. Data on recurrence of aGVHD (RaGVHD) are lacking.

Advanced Carbon-Based Nanocatalysts and their Application in Catalytic Conversion of Renewable Platform Molecules.

The transformation of renewable platform molecules to produce value-added fuels and fine-chemicals is a promising strategy to sustainably meet future demands. Owing to their finely modified electronic and geometric properties, carbon-based nanocatalysts have shown great capability to regulate their catalytic activity and stability. Their well-defined and uniform structures also provide both the opportunity to explore intrinsic reaction mechanisms and the site-requirement for valorization of renewable platform molecules to advanced fuels and chemicals.

[Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Invasive Fungal Infections in Acute Leukemia Patients in Tropical Regions].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of invasive fungal infection (IFI) occurenced in patients with acute leukemia (AL) during treatment in tropical regions.

Methods: The clinical data of 68 AL patients admitted to the Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital from April 2012 to April 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence of IFI in AL patients.

Immunogenicity and safety of inactivated enterovirus A71 vaccines in children aged 6-35 months in China: a non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: China's three inactivated enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) vaccines are the first and currently world's only EV-A71 vaccines approved by a national regulatory authority and used to prevent EV-A71 associated diseases. The three vaccines vary by vaccine strain, manufacturing cell substrate, and antigen dose, but no head-to-head comparisons of these vaccines have been done. We compared immunogenicity of the vaccines in children 6-35 months old.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Multicellular Ecosystem of Nucleus Pulposus during Degeneration Progression.

Although degeneration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) is a major contributor to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and low back pain, the underlying molecular complexity and cellular heterogeneity remain poorly understood. Here, a comprehensive single-cell resolution transcript landscape of human NP is reported. Six novel human NP cells (NPCs) populations are identified by their distinct molecular signatures.