Fundus Changes in Healthy Adults After High Altitude Exposure.

Background: To quantify the changes of long-term high altitude (HA) exposure of fundus in healthy adults. The aim is to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of high altitude ophthalmopathy.

Methods: 30 eyes of 15 healthy participants exposed to high altitude were recruited in this study.

Gut microbiome-derived lipopolysaccharides aggravate cognitive impairment via TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling in neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a leading cause of infant mortality and neurological disabilities in children. Recent evidence indicates that gut microbiota significantly contributes to the development of inflammation and cognitive impairments following brain injury. However, the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence inflammation and cognitive function in the neonates after HIBD are not well understood.

Development and validation of the systemic nutrition/inflammation index for improving perioperative management of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Systemic nutrition and inflammation status is recognized for its influence on cancer survival, yet its role in perioperative outcomes remains poorly defined. This study aimed to refine the assessment of systemic nutrition and inflammation status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and to elucidate its impact on perioperative outcomes.

Methods: All patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy, with their nutrition and inflammation status assessed based on preoperative blood tests.

Next-Generation Oral Ulcer Management: Integrating Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) with Nanogel-Based Pharmaceuticals for Inflammation Regulation.

Oral ulcers, affecting 27.9% of adults, can lead to malnutrition and dehydration, especially in individuals with diabetes, cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. Existing treatments-including oral films, sprays, frosts, and powders-often fail to be effective due to rapid dilution and clearance in the moist oral environment.

Efficacy of Toothpaste Containing Polylysine and Funme Peptide on Oral Microbiome and Oral Health.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the toothpaste containing ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) and funme peptide (FP) as key components on oral microbial composition and oral health.

Methods: An oral microbiome study was initially carried out to analyze the variation in the oral microbiota before and after use of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) toothpaste. Subsequently, a clinical trial was independently performed to assess the efficacy of AMP toothpaste by measuring the dental plaque index (PLI), volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) levels, modified bleeding index (mBI), and bleeding on probing rate (BOP%).

Exploring the Prognostic Role of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Aortic Valve Calcification Evaluations via Multi-Slice Computed Tomography.

Background: Previous reports have indicated an association between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and cardiovascular disease. However, few relevant studies exist on the relationship between RDW and aortic valve calcification (AVC). Explore the correlation and predictive value of RDW concerning the occurrence and severity of aortic valve calcification.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase negatively regulates metastasis-promoting property of cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Recurrence and metastasis remain significant challenges in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) after radical resection. The mechanisms behind the recurrence and metastasis of LUAD remain elusive, and deregulated cellular metabolism is suspected to play a significant role. This study explores the metabolic and epigenetic regulation mediated by nicotinamide N-methyl transferase (NNMT) in LUAD.

A dominant negative Kcnd3 F227del mutation in mice causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 22 (SCA22) by impairing ER and Golgi functioning.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 22 (SCA22) caused by KCND3 mutations is an autosomal dominant disorder. We established a mouse model carrying the Kcnd3 F227del mutation to study the molecular pathogenesis. Four findings were pinpointed.

α-Klotho prevents diabetic retinopathy by reversing the senescence of macrophages.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a significant cause of acquired blindness in the working-age population worldwide. Aging is considered as an important risk factor for DR development. Macrophages in aged mice bear typical M2 marker proteins but simultaneously express a pro-inflammatory factor profile.

The current therapeutic cancer vaccines landscape in non-small cell lung cancer.

Currently, conventional immunotherapies for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have low response rates and benefit only a minority of patients, particularly those with advanced disease, so novel therapeutic strategies are urgent deeded. Therapeutic cancer vaccines, a form of active immunotherapy, harness potential to activate the adaptive immune system against tumor cells via antigen cross-presentation. Cancer vaccines can establish enduring immune memory and guard against recurrences.

Lansoprazole (LPZ) reverses multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer through impeding ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated chemotherapeutic drug efflux and lysosomal sequestration.

Aims: Lansoprazole is one of the many proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that acts more strongly with ABCB1 and ABCG2. The present study is to investigate the potential of lansoprazole on reversal of ABCB1/G2-mediated MDR in cancer, in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Reversal studies and combination evaluation were conducted to determine the synergistic anti-MDR effects on lansoprazole.

Association of the oral microbiome with cognitive function among older adults: NHANES 2011-2012.

Background: An association between the gut microbiome and cognitive function has been demonstrated in prior studies. However, whether the oral microbiome, the second largest microbial habitant in humans, has a role in cognition remains unclear.

Design, Setting, Participants: Using weighted data from the 2011 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the association between oral microbial composition and cognitive function in older adults.

Structure-activity relationship and mechanistic study of organotins as inhibitors of human, pig, and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases.

Organotins have been widely used in various industrial applications. This study investigated the structure-activity relationship as inhibitors of human, pig, and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3β-HSD). Human KGN cell, pig, and rat testis microsomes were utilized to assess the inhibitory effects of 18 organotins on the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone.

The Effect of Sn-2 Palmitate on Blood Glucose, Lipids and Body Composition in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Controlled Trial.

Sn-2 palmitate is widely used in infant formula. However, little is known about its effects on metabolism and body composition in middle-aged and elderly adults. In a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled Chinese adults aged 45-75 years with self-reported constipation.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Fruit Quality Formation in Benth.

Planch. is a fruit tree originating from China that is abundant in the wild. Actinidia eriantha Benth.