5-hydroxymethylfurfural attenuates osteoarthritis by upregulating of glucose metabolism in chondrocytes.

Introduction: 5-HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural), an active constituent found in Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, a widely utilized traditional Chinese medicine for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, exhibits notable therapeutic benefits in countering the catabolic and inflammatory responses of OA chondrocytes. Despite these promising effects, the underlying mechanisms of 5-HMF's action remain elusive, thereby impeding its broader clinical application and development.

Objective: To investigate the impact of 5-HMF on the progression of OA and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Spectroscopic insights into the thermal aging process of lithium-ion battery electrolytes.

The thermal aging process of lithium-ion battery electrolyte was studied using Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The system studied is specifically a carbonate-based electrolyte containing lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF). Raman spectroscopy results show that LiPF will decompose and produce substances with significant fluorescence effects under the thermal aging.

Bioinspired Synthesis of Microstegiol and Biosynthetically Related Skeleton-Rearranged Abietanes.

We report a bioinspired synthesis of microstegiol and biosynthetically related skeleton-rearranged abietane diterpenoids from commercially available carnosic acid. The strategy features a Wagner-Meerwein type methyl migration followed by several cascade transformations, enabling the divergent synthesis of five abietane diterpenoids, including viridoquinone, prattinin A, saprorthoquinone, microstegiol, and 1-deoxyviroxocin.

Photo-crosslinking injectable Photothermal antibacterial hydrogel based on quaternary ammonium grafted chitosan and hyaluronic acid for infected wound healing.

Antibacterial hydrogels not only provide a better environment for skin wounds to avoid infection but also accelerate wound healing. Herein, chitosan modified by a quaternary ammonium salt (CQ), and hyaluronic acid grafted with methacrylate (HM) were designed and synthesized to prepare an injectable photo-crosslinking hydrogel for wound dressing with inherent antibacterial and photothermal properties. CQ and HM exhibited excellent biocompatibility, improved water retention, and antibacterial activity, illustrating vast potential as an antibacterial material in various applications.

Case report: An invasive and giant hemolymphangioma of the pancreas in a young man.

Hemolymphangioma is a rare benign tumor, with only 12 reported cases in the pancreas as of May 2024. We present an invasive and giant hemolymphangioma of the pancreas in a young man who experienced abdominal pain and left epigastric distension for approximately 10 days. Imaging studies revealed a large cystic tumor located in the body and tail of the pancreas, which was compressing the partial lesser curvature of the stomach and spleen, displaying a "beaver tail" liver appearance on computed tomography scans.

Photocatalytic Radical Azido/Fluorosulfonylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Accessing Hubs Bridging CuAAC and SuFEx Click Chemistry.

Herein, we describe the successful development of an azido-fluorosulfonylation reaction of alkenes under photoredox catalysis, which could allow the installation of the two "clickable" groups, -N and -SOF, on a C-C double bond, with TMSN as the azide source. The utilization of the difunctionalization products is also demonstrated in the construction of a library of 1,2,3-triazolesulfonyl fluoride compounds as well as drug molecule ligation by merging copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx), the two generations of click reactions. Mechanistic studies suggest a radical fluorosulfonylation/azidation mechanism and unveil FSON as a new and potential fluorosulfonyl radical precursor.

Transcriptome and nutritional composition analysis of stacked transgenic maize with insect resistance and herbicide tolerance.

The safety assessment of stacked transgenic crops is essential for their commercial cultivation. A crucial element of safety assessment is the nutritional evaluation of transgenic crops. Currently, profiling methods like transcriptome are employed as supplemental analytical tools to find the unintended effects of transgenic crops.

Induction chemotherapy plus camrelizumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in non-endemic areas: a phase 2 clinical trial in North China.

Background: Immunotherapy has been confirmed efficient in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but its role in the locoregionally advanced setting is undetermined. Previous evidence in non-endemic areas of NPC is also lacking. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of induction chemotherapy plus camrelizumab followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with locoregionally advanced NPC in non-endemic areas.

Exploration of RNA-binding proteins identified RPS27 as a potential regulator associated with Kaposi's sarcoma development.

Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a locally aggressive, multicentric tumor. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are pivotal for post-transcriptional regulation in various tumors. However, the aberrantly expressed RBP genes and their regulatory patterns in KS remain unclear.

Sleep duration, daytime napping and the risk of incident metabolic syndrome vary by age and sex: findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Objective: Currently, the association of sleep duration and daytime napping with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is still controversial. This study was designed to explore the association between sleep duration, daytime napping and MetS by age and sex in Chinese adults.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Effects and mechanisms of social support on the adolescent athletes engagement.

To explore the relationship between social support and adolescent athlete engagement and the role of self-efficacy and mental toughness in this relationship. Participants and methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling method was used, and adolescent athletes from seven youth sports schools in China were used as subjects.

p85β acts as a transcription cofactor and cooperates with BCLAF1 in the nucleus.

p85β is a regulatory subunit of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Emerging evidence suggests that p85β goes beyond its role in the PI3K and is functional in the nucleus. In this study, we discover that nuclear p85β is enriched at gene loci and regulates gene transcription and that this regulatory role contributes to the oncogenic potential of nuclear p85β.

Insecticidal activity of two Pelargonium essential oils and head transcriptome analysis of stored-product pest Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in response to citronellyl formate fumigation.

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most common stored-product pests, causing enormous economic losses and developing widespread resistance to chemical insecticides. Natural products derived from essential oils (EOs) are well-known for insecticidal activity against agricultural pests, especially in the management of stored-product pests. In this study, the chemical constituents and repellent, contact and fumigation toxicity activities of two Pelargonium EOs against T.

Molecular mechanism of programmed cell death in drug-induced neuronal damage: A special focus on ketamine-induced neurotoxicity.

In recent years, the abuse of ketamine as a recreational drug has been growing, and has become one of the most widely abused drugs. Continuous using ketamine poses a risk of drug addiction and complications such as attention deficit disorder, memory loss and cognitive decline. Ketamine-induced neurotoxicity is thought to play a key role in the development of these neurological complications.

Insights of the coexisting fertilizers enhance metolachlor persistence in soil: Perspectives from mobility, metabolism, and microbiome.

Coexistence of fertilizers and pesticides in farmlands may alter the biodegradation of the latter. Herein, the effects of fertilizers, namely urea (N), superphosphate (P), potassium sulfate (K), compound fertilizers (NPK), chicken manure (CM), rice husk ash (PA) on the environmental behaviors of metolachlor (MET) are investigated. The sorption of MET is reduced by N and NPK at 1 mg/g (nitrogen content) but enhanced by CM and PA at 10 mg/g in soil.

Simple and low-cost synthesis of g-CN for efficient sunlight photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in biogas slurry.

Applying biogas slurry containing antibiotics as organic fertilizer to farmland can lead to the accumulation of antibiotics in the soil and access the water environment further through surface runoff and leachate, posing a potential risk to the regional water environment. In this study, photocatalysis was performed to degrade the antibiotics in biogas slurry employing g-CN as a catalyst under visible light and sunlight. g-CN was prepared by simple thermal polymerization at different temperatures and times with cheap urea and melamine, respectively, and the yield, structural characterization, and photocatalytic performance were analyzed.

Relationships of sarcopenia symptoms and dietary patterns with lung cancer risk: a prospective cohort study.

: Few studies focused on the effects of sarcopenia on lung cancer in the general population and optimizing nutritional intake may be a feasible way to manage sarcopenia. We sought to systematically investigate the associations of sarcopenia symptoms with lung cancer incidence and mortality in the general population, and whether dietary patterns could modify these risks. : A total of 361 763 participants (mean age: 56.

Relationship between personality traits and spontaneous coronary artery dissection risk: evidence from Mendelian randomization.

Background: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) significantly contributes to myocardial infarction among young individuals. Despite the elusive nature of its etiology, empirical evidence indicates a substantial correlation between sociopsychological factors and the disorder. This investigation endeavored to discern a genetic basis for personality traits influencing SCAD susceptibility.

Hydroperoxide-Independent Generation of Spin Trapping Artifacts by Quinones and DMPO: Implications for Radical Identification in Quinone-Related Reactions.

Quinones, as highly redox active molecules in biology, are believed to react with hydroperoxides to produce highly reactive OH, assuming that radical adducts are exclusively formed by the addition of free radicals to the spin trap as detected by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) methodology. Here, direct formation of the same DMPO adduct as that formed by genuine radical trapping of OH is discovered, while quinones (i.e.

Stroke Etiology was associated with Tirofiban Efficacy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Without Endovascular Treatment: A Pre-specified Subgroup Analysis of the TREND Trial.

Background: Different stroke etiologies are associated with varied incidences of early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The TREND trial demonstrated the efficacy of tirofiban in preventing END in patients with AIS. Herein, we conducted a pre-specified subgroup analysis of this trial data to investigate whether stroke etiologies influenced the effects of tirofiban.

Compensating K Ions Through an Organic Salt in Electrolytes for Practical K-Ion Batteries.

K-ion batteries face significant challenges due to a severe shortage of active K ions, with cathode materials typically containing less than 70% K ions and first-cycle irreversible reactions consuming up to 20% more. Conventional K-ion compensation methods fail to supply sufficient K ions without compromising cell integrity. To address this, we introduce potassium sulfocyanate (KSCN) as an electrolyte additive capable of delivering up to 100% active K ions.

Mitochondrial Ribosome Regulation Drives Spermatogenesis and Male Fertility.

Mitochondria, as the central hub of cellular energy metabolism and a critical regulator of signaling pathways, play indispensable roles in spermatogenesis and sperm function. In recent years, the mechanisms by which RNA-binding proteins regulate reproductive development and gametogenesis have emerged as a focal point in mitochondrial biology. Here, we review the latest progresses on the role of mitochondrial translation and its associated ribosomal regulation in sperm formation and activation.

Application of double-sleeve endotracheal tube in infection control for icu patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Poor oral hygiene in patients with tracheal intubation will increase the occurrence of dental plaque and mucosal inflammation, resulting in oral barrier dysfunction. This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel double-lumen endotracheal tube (DETT) and explore its role in infection control, particularly its effects on the oral microenvironment and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: This was a prospective, non-blinded, randomized parallel-controlled trial conducted from July 2024 to September 2024.

Nurse-led discharge versus consulting surgeon-led discharge for patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries: an evaluation of follow-up outcome, readmission frequencies, cost of care, and satisfaction of patients.

Background: Consulting surgeons review admitted patients and make decisions regarding their fitness for discharge. This leads to a delay in discharge. Delayed hospital discharge is an issue faced by patients after laparoscopic surgery, which increases their morbidity.

Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Perihematomal Edema in Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage After Minimally Invasive Surgery.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS), including endoscopic evacuation and minimally invasive catheter (MIC) evacuation, has been widely used in patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage (SCH). However, the long-term prognosis varies widely. Herein, a case-control study nested within a multicenter cohort was conducted to explore the risk factors for unfavorable prognosis in patients with SCH after MIS.