EIL (ethylene-insensitive 3-like) transcription factors in apple affect both ethylene- and cold response-dependent fruit ripening.

EIN3/EIL (ethylene-insensitive 3/EIN3-like) transcription factors are positive downstream transcriptional regulators of ethylene signalling. In apple (Malus × domestica), a small family of MdEIL genes was identified, with four expressed in fruit. Transgenic lines were generated to manipulate MdEIL1 expression, and fruits were sampled at harvest maturity and after cold treatment.

An integrated microfluidic chip for rapid and multiple antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

The overuse and misuse of antibiotics have caused the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which poses a significant threat to human health. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) serves as an effective tool for assessing the susceptibility of pathogens infecting patients and guiding the precise use of antibiotics. The conventional AST method, however, is limited by prolonged incubation times and high reagent consumption.

Fundamentals, Advances and Perspectives in Designing Eutectic Electrolytes for Zinc-Ion Secondary Batteries.

Zinc-ion secondary batteries have been competitive candidates since the "post-lithium-ion" era for grid-scale energy storage, owing to their plausible security, high theoretical capacity, plentiful resources, and environment friendliness. However, many encumbrances like notorious parasitic reactions and Zn dendrite growth hinder the development of zinc-ion secondary batteries remarkably. Faced with these challenges, eutectic electrolytes have aroused notable attention by virtue of feasible synthesis and high tunability.

Arabidopsis perceives caterpillar oral secretion to increase resistance by reactive oxygen species-enhanced glucosinolate hydrolysis.

In Arabidopsis, the outbreaks of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occur upon pathogen recognition by pattern- and effector-triggered immunity (PTI and ETI, respectively), which plays a significant role in disease resistance. Here, we found that Arabidopsis also experiences two outbreaks of ROS (oral secretion (OS)-induced ROS (ROS)) upon the perception of OS from cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and other lepidopterans. Oral secretion-induced ROS burst requires the PTI machinery, including BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1) and BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1).

Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms by which sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors protect podocytes in diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with systemic damage across multiple organ systems, and an increasing number of patients are presenting with diabetic kidney disease as its initial manifestation. The onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy is closely associated with podocyte injury.

Main Body: Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which can significantly reduce glucose levels as well as protecting against kidney damage, are therefore widely used for the clinical treatment of patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting intrapartum fever using pre-labor analgesia clinical indicators: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Labor anesthesia is commonly used for pain relief during labor, but it can increase the risk of intrapartum fever. Currently, there are no reliable tools to predict which parturients might develop fever before labor anesthesia. The prediction model we developed aims to predict the incidence of intrapartum fever before labor analgesia.

The amelioration effect of sesamoside on inflammatory response in septic shock.

Sepsis shock is caused by a systemic infection characterized by circulatory disorders and metabolic abnormalities. Microorganisms or their toxins enter the bloodstream, releasing inflammatory mediators and triggering systemic inflammatory reactions, leading to multiple organ dysfunction and even failure. To explore new treatment methods, we studied the improvement effect of sesamoside on the inflammatory response in septic shock.

Graphene Nanoribbon Core Thermotropic Liquid Crystal with A Well-Defined Molecular Structure.

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with hierarchical and well-ordered structures are believed to deliver superior performance in semiconductor device applications. Despite this potential, traditional alignment techniques for GNRs often fall short in producing defect-free and precisely defined molecular architectures. Here, we introduce a strategy for the fabrication of highly-ordered GNRs by empowering them with thermotropic liquid crystallinity, utilizing a bottom-up solution synthesis approach.

Precise Anchoring of Pb-Based Defects for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells: A Universal Strategy from Lab-Scale Small-Area Devices to Large-Area Modules.

Solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) generally suffer from serious Pb-based defects, and the issue becomes more pronounced during the upscaling process. A universal strategy that bridges small-area devices and large-area modules is imperative for advancing PSC technology from the lab toward market readiness. Here, to effectively address the Pb-based defect proliferation issues of perovskite surfaces, an ,-maleoyl-glycine (NMG) post-treatment anchoring strategy was proposed.

Integrating short-read and long-read single-cell RNA sequencing for comprehensive transcriptome profiling in mouse retina.

The vast majority of protein-coding genes in the human genome produce multiple mRNA isoforms through alternative splicing, significantly enhancing the complexity of the transcriptome and proteome. To establish an efficient method for characterizing transcript isoforms within tissue samples, we conducted a systematic comparison between single-cell long-read and conventional short-read RNA sequencing techniques. The transcriptome of approximately 30,000 mouse retina cells was profiled using 1.

[Fatal opportunistic infection occurred during the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis:case report].

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has been widely used in lung cancer patients. While ICI treatment improves the overall survival of patients, it can also lead to a series of immune-related adverse events (irAE). Severe irAE should be treated with glucocorticoids and biological agents.

Analysis of early risk factors of death in preterm infants treated with iNO: a national multicentre retrospective study.

Objective: To analyse early risk factors for mortality in preterm infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in China.

Design: A retrospective observational case-control study.

Setting: 8 tertiary hospitals in 5 regions of China.

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels composed of modified cellulose nanocrystal and gelatin with oriented channels for guiding axonal myelination.

Myelination is modulated by neuron-glial communication, which is an essential physiological process during nerve regeneration. However, available scaffold for myelination of oriented axons is still challenging and lack of sufficient attention in neural tissue engineering. Here, we fabricate an extracellular matrix-mimic hydrogel (GB-SH), which was composed of cellulose nanocrystal grafted with sulfated hyperbranched polyglycerols (SHC) and 3-aminophenylboronic acid modified GelMA (GMPB) for stimuli-responsive release of sodium Danshensu (DSS).

Molecular insights into the simultaneous removal mechanisms of As(Ⅴ) and Cd(II) in iron tailings slag-biochar composites.

Arsenic and cadmium contamination frequently coexist in the real environment. However, it remains a challenge for their simultaneous removal due to their distinct physicochemical properties at low cost. To this end, a cost-effective magnetic biochar adsorbent (ITBNa800) was prepared using biomass waste and iron tailings slag.

Outbreaks of Ulva prolifera green tides reduce the network complexity and stability of cooccurring planktonic microbial communities.

Ulva prolifera green tides are becoming a worldwide environmental problem, especially in the Yellow Sea, China. However, the effects of the occurrence of U. prolifera green tides on the community organization and stability of surrounding microbiomes have still not been determined.

Mn loading on montmorillonite surfaces for Cd stabilization: Insights from density functional theory calculations and surface complexation modeling.

The latest works have been devoted to the stabilization mensuration for heavy metals and indicate that clay minerals can promote Cd(II) precipitation by favoring the retention of Mn(II). The assessment however has been tempered due to lacking the information about the molecular-level surface complexation structure and Cd nucleation process on clay surfaces. In this study, microscopic mechanisms for adsorption and stabilization of Cd at montmorillonite interfaces with or without Mn loading were leveraged by combining surface complexation model (SCM) evaluations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Low antimüllerian hormone (<1.2 ng/ml) does not impact oocyte quality and IVF/ICSI outcomes in women ≤40 years old.

Objective: This study retrospectively investigates whether diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), as measured by serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), impacts oocyte quality and IVF/ICSI outcomes in the cleavage embryo or blastocyst stage or not.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1677 women aged ≤40 years who underwent 1862 IVF/ICSI cycles and divided patients into two groups: low-AMH included the patients with AMH levels <1.2 ng/ml, and normal-AMH included the patients with AMH values ≥1.

[Clinical features of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children].

To explore relevant factors to accurately diagnose BPPV in vertigo children. A retrospective study was conducted on the proportion of BPPV in children（<18 years） with vertigo who visited the Hearing and Vertigo Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from September 2017 to August 2023. The clinical characteristics of BPPV children, including general demographics, medical history, first visit department, comorbidities, canal involvement, response to treatment, and incidence of recurrence, were analyzed.

[Prospective randomised controlled observation of tympanic chamber injection of gangliosides in the treatment of refractory sudden deafness].

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intratympanic injection of ganglioside in patients with refractory sudden deafness. A total of 120 patients with sudden deafness, aged 18-65 years, whose onset was within 11-42 days, failed to respond to conventional treatment, and had an average hearing threshold（500-4 000 Hz）>60 dB were selected. They were prospectively and randomly divided into a control group of 61 cases and an experimental group of 59 cases.

Mechanistic insights into EIF6 as a target of Apigenin in alleviating chondrocyte senescence.

Purpose: Apigenin, a flavonoid found in edible plants, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in various diseases, but its role in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the potential targets and mechanisms of Apigenin in KOA.

Methods: Network pharmacology analysis identified 80 targets of Apigenin, of which 48 overlapped with KOA-related targets.

Schwann cells secrete IGFBP5 to facilitate the growth of keloids.

Keloids (KD) are noncancerous fibroproliferative tumors exhibiting cancer-like traits, encompass aggressive unregulated growth, absence of natural regression, and a significantly high rate of recurrence. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying KD pathology remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed single-cell sequencing to examine the characteristics of cells in KD and normal scar (NS) tissue.

Deficiency of DDI2 suppresses liver cancer progression by worsening cell survival conditions.

The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the extent of ensuing DNA damage significantly influence cancer initiation and progression. Of crucial importance, the aspartate protease DDI2 has been proposed to play a pivotal role in monitoring intracellular ROS levels (to trigger oxidative eustress or distress), as well as in the oxidative DNA damage repair, through redox homeostasis-determining factor Nrf1 (encoded by NFE2L1). However, the specific role of DDI2 in the multi-step process resulting in the development and progression of liver cancer remains elusive to date.

Long Term Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment for Retrograde Ascending Aortic Dissection.

Objective: The optimal treatment for retrograde ascending aortic dissection (rAAD) remains unclear. In this study, the long term clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for rAAD were retrospectively investigated, and haemodynamic remodelling of the ascending aorta was analysed.

Methods: This retrospective, single centre study analysed clinical data of rAAD cases treated with endovascular therapy from 2001 - 2020.

Elucidating ozone formation mechanisms in the central Yangtze River Delta region, China: Urban and rural differences.

Surface ozone (O) pollution has become a pressing air quality issue in eastern China in recent years. However, studies comparing O formation in urban and rural areas remain limited. This study presents a field campaign focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) conducted at two sites in the central Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region during the warm season (June to August) of 2023.

Deoxyshikonin from Arnebiae Radix promotes hair growth by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Alopecia is a common skin condition with limited effective treatments. Arnebiae Radix (AR) is a traditional Asian herb used for various skin disorders. However, its specific components and the mechanisms underlying its hair growth-promoting effects remain elusive.