[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

Clinical application evaluation research of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases of Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine intends to evaluate the quality level and clinical application of the guideline. A questionnaire and prospective case survey methods were used to evaluate the applicability evaluation based on the clinician questionnaire and the application evaluation based on clinical case observation. The applicability evaluation, familiarity and utilization rate of doctors' guidelines were 85.

[Clinical application evaluation of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Internal Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine].

To evaluate the applicability and clinical applications of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Internal Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine, so as to provide the basis for the revision of the guidelines. This study was completed by the research and promotion base for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) standard. The methods of applicability evaluation and application evaluation were used in the study.

New Half-Metallic Materials: FeRuCrP and FeRhCrP Quaternary Heusler Compounds.

The electronic structures and magnetic properties of FeRuCrP and FeRhCrP quaternary Heusler compounds with LiMgPbSb-type structures have been investigated via first-principles calculations. The calculational results show that both FeRuCrP and FeRhCrP compounds present perfect half-metallic properties: Showing large half-metallic band gaps of 0.39 eV and 0.

Structural, electronic, magnetic, half-metallic, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of the quaternary Heusler compound FeCrRuSi: A first-principles study.

In this paper, we have investigated the structural, electronic, magnetic, half-metallic, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of the equiatomic quaternary Heusler (EQH) compound FeCrRuSi using the density functional theory (DFT) and the quasi-harmonic Debye model. Our results reveal that FeCrRuSi is a half-metallic material (HMM) with a total magnetic moment of 2.0 μ in agreement with the well-known Slater-Pauling rule M = Z - 24.

Comparative efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related therapies for advanced melanoma: a Bayesian network analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to compare and rank the effects of 9 immune checkpoint inhibitor-related therapies for treating advanced melanoma.

Methods: We searched Pubmed, Cochrane databases, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials of the immune checkpoint inhibitor-related treatments for advanced melanoma.

Fabrication of circular assemblies with DNA tetrahedrons: from static structures to a dynamic rotary motor.

DNA tetrahedron as the simplest 3D DNA nanostructure has been applied widely in biomedicine and biosensing. Herein, we design and fabricate a series of circular assemblies of DNA tetrahedron with high purity and decent yields. These circular nanostructures are confirmed by endonuclease digestion, gel electrophoresis and atomic force microscopy.

Rare earth-based quaternary Heusler compounds CoV ( = Lu, Y; = Si, Ge) with tunable band characteristics for potential spintronic applications.

Magnetic Heusler compounds (MHCs) have recently attracted great attention since these types of material provide novel functionalities in spintronic and magneto-electronic devices. Among the MHCs, some compounds have been predicted to be spin-filter semiconductors [also called magnetic semiconductors (MSs)], spin-gapless semiconductors (SGSs) or half-metals (HMs). In this work, by means of first-principles calculations, it is demonstrated that rare earth-based equiatomic quaternary Heusler (EQH) compounds with the formula CoV ( = Lu, Y; = Si, Ge) are new spin-filter semiconductors with total magnetic moments of 3 µ.

Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of Nanoindented NiMnGa Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Thin Film.

The structure and nanoscale mechanical properties of NiMnGa thin film fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering are investigated systematically. The thin film has the austenite state at room temperature with the L2 Hesuler structure. During nanoindentation, stress-induced martensitic transformation occurs on the nanoscale for the film annealed at 823 K for 1 hour and the shape recovery ratio is up to 85.

Biodegradable and biocompatible monodispersed hollow mesoporous organosilica with large pores for delivering biomacromolecules.

The construction of large pore-sized hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs) with a concurrent small particle size is of great challenge for the delivery of large biomacromolecules. In this work, we report, for the first time, on the construction of monodispersed and biodegradable HMONs with a unique large mesopore size, hollow interior, a small particle size and a molecularly organic-inorganic hybrid framework. The incorporation of thioether groups into the framework of large pore-sized HMONs (LHMONs) leads to the fast biodegradation of the nanocarriers with specific responsibility and acceleration to the reducing microenvironment.

Potential Toxicity and Underlying Mechanisms Associated with Pulmonary Exposure to Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Conflicting Literature and Unclear Risk.

Fine/micron-sized iron oxide particulates are incidentally released from a number of industrial processes, including iron ore mining, steel processing, welding, and pyrite production. Some research suggests that occupational exposure to these particulates is linked to an increased risk of adverse respiratory outcomes, whereas other studies suggest that iron oxide is biologically benign. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), which are less than 100 nm in diameter, have recently surged in use as components of novel drug delivery systems, unique imaging protocols, as environmental catalysts, and for incorporation into thermoplastics.

Carbon Nanotubes Induced Fibrogenesis on Nanostructured Substrates.

While the rapidly evolving nanotechnology has shown promise in electronics, energy, healthcare and many other fields, there is an increasing concern about the adverse health consequences of engineered nanomaterials. To accurately evaluate the toxicity of nanomaterials, models incorporated with microenvironment characteristics are desirable. This study aims to delineate the influence of nanotopography on fibrogenic response of normal human lung fibroblasts to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).

Coordination-Accelerated "Iron Extraction" Enables Fast Biodegradation of Mesoporous Silica-Based Hollow Nanoparticles.

Biodegradation behavior of inorganic silica-based nanoplatforms is of critical importance in their clinical translations, but still remains a great challenge in achieving this goal by composition regulation of biocompatible silica framework. In the present work, a chemical coordination-accelerated biodegradation strategy to endow hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) with unique coordination-responsive biodegradability, on-demand coordination-responsive drug releasing behavior, and significantly enhanced chemotherapeutic efficacy by directly doping iron (Fe) ions into the framework of mesoporous silica is reported. A simple but versatile dissolution-regrowth strategy has been developed to enable the framework Fe doping via chemical bonding.

The Fate of Inhaled Nanoparticles: Detection and Measurement by Enhanced Dark-field Microscopy.

Assessing the potential health risks for newly developed nanoparticles poses a significant challenge. Nanometer-sized particles are not generally detectable with the light microscope. Electron microscopy typically requires high-level doses, above the physiologic range, for particle examination in tissues.

siRNA-mediated inactivation of HER3 improves the antitumour activity and sensitivity of gefitinib in gastric cancer cells.

The human EGFR family consists of four type-1 transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors: HER1 (EGFR, ErbB1), HER2 (Neu, ErbB2), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). HER3 can dimerize with EGFR, HER2 and even c-Met and likely plays a central role in the response to EGFR-targeted therapy. Because HER3 lacks significant kinase activity and cannot be inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, neutralizing antibodies and alternative inhibitors of HER3 have been sought as cancer therapeutics.

Characteristics of phosphorus components in surface sediments from a Chinese shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Taihu): new insights from chemical extraction and P NMR spectroscopy.

As a primary factor responsible for lake eutrophication, a deeper understanding of the phosphorus (P) composition and its turnover in sediment is urgently needed. In this study, P species in surface sediments from a Chinese large eutrophic lake (Lake Taihu) were characterized by traditional fractionation and P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and their contributions to the overlying water were also discussed. Fractionation results show that NaOH-P predominated in the algal-dominated zone, accounting for 60.

Tumor-selective catalytic nanomedicine by nanocatalyst delivery.

Tumor cells metabolize in distinct pathways compared with most normal tissue cells. The resulting tumor microenvironment would provide characteristic physiochemical conditions for selective tumor modalities. Here we introduce a concept of sequential catalytic nanomedicine for efficient tumor therapy by designing and delivering biocompatible nanocatalysts into tumor sites.

Terminating the criminal collaboration in pancreatic cancer: Nanoparticle-based synergistic therapy for overcoming fibroblast-induced drug resistance.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer with a dismal overall prognosis mainly unchanged over the past decades. PDAC is generally refractory to conventional treatments, and thus novel therapies are urgently needed. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that human pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) facilitate PDAC development and drug resistance through paracrine activation of hedgehog pathway.

Importance of Terminal Amino Acid Residues to the Transport of Oligopeptides across the Caco-2 Cell Monolayer.

The objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of terminal amino acids on the transport of oligopeptides across the Caco-2 cell monolayer. Ala-based tetra- and pentapeptides were designed, and the N- or C-terminal amino acid residues were replaced by different amino acids. The results showed that the oligopeptides had a wide range of transport permeability across the Caco-2 cell monolayer and could be divided into four categories: non-/poor permeability, low permeability, intermediate permeability, and good permeability.

Controlled Hydrophobic Biosurface of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers through Self-Assembly of Natural Zein Protein.

A novel, highly biocompatible bacterial cellulose (BC)-zein composite nanofiber with a controlled hydrophobic biosurface was successfully developed through a simple and green solution impregnation method, followed by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) of adsorbed zein protein. The surface hydrophobicity of the zein-modified BC nanofibers could be controlled by simply changing the zein concentration, which is able to tune the morphology of self-assembled zein structures after EISA, thus affecting the surface roughness of composite membranes. Zein self-assembly at low concentrations (5 mg/mL) resulted in the formation of hierarchical zein structures (spheres and bicontinuous sponges) on the BC surface, thus increasing the surface roughness and leading to high hydrophobicity (the water contact angle reached 110.

Preparation and characterization of protein-resistant hydrogels for soft contact lens applications via radical copolymerization involving a zwitterionic sulfobetaine comonomer.

We aimed to introduce hydrophilic sulfobetaine-type zwitterionic groups to macromolecular chains of copolymers to construct novel copolymer hydrogels with anti-protein-fouling performance that could be used as soft contact lens (SCL) materials. Using hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N-vinyl pyrrolidinone (NVP) and sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) as comonomers, several copolymer hydrogels with different SBMA contents, poly(HEMA-NVP-SBMA), are synthesized via radical copolymerization in an aqueous phase. Surface chemistry, structural morphologies, water contact angle (WCA), equilibrium water content (EWC), visible light transmittance and tensile mechanical properties are investigated.

Iron oxides alter methanogenic pathways of acetate in production water of high-temperature petroleum reservoir.

Acetate is a key intermediate in anaerobic crude oil biodegradation and also a precursor for methanogenesis in petroleum reservoirs. The impact of iron oxides, viz. β-FeOOH (akaganéite) and magnetite (FeO), on the methanogenic acetate metabolism in production water of a high-temperature petroleum reservoir was investigated.

Protective role of surface Toll-like receptor 9 expressing neutrophils in local inflammation during systemic inflammatory response syndrome in mice.

Clinically, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) occurs after serious trauma or sepsis. In sepsis, neutrophils are the major effector cells responsible for eliminating pathogens. However, the role of neutrophils in development of SIRS, especially in local inflammatory area, is controversial.

H2B ubiquitination: Conserved molecular mechanism, diverse physiologic functions of the E3 ligase during meiosis.

RNF20/Bre1 mediated H2B ubiquitination (H2Bub) has various physiologic functions. Recently, we found that H2Bub participates in meiotic recombination by promoting chromatin relaxation during meiosis. We then analyzed the phylogenetic relationships among the E3 ligase for H2Bub, its E2 Rad6 and their partner WW domain-containing adaptor with a coiled-coil (WAC) or Lge1, and found that the molecular mechanism underlying H2Bub is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals.

An oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats significantly attenuates burn-induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 5 pathway.

Previously, we showed that an oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats (AAAG ODN) rescued mice from fatal acute lung injury (ALI) induced by influenza virus and inhibited production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the injured lungs. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Upon the bioinformatic analysis revealing that the AAAG ODN is consensus to interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) binding site in the cis-regulatory elements of proinflammatory cytokines, we tried to explore whether the AAAG ODN could attenuate burn injury induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting IRF5 pathway.

Induction of Slug by Chronic Exposure to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Promotes Tumor Formation and Metastasis.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) represent a major class of engineered nanomaterials that are being used in diverse fields. However, their use has increasingly become a concern because of their carcinogenic potential. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that certain types of CNTs are carcinogenic or tumor-promoting in animal models.