Dynamic Kinetic Activation of Aziridines Enables Radical-Polar Crossover (4 + 3) Cycloaddition with 1,3-Dienes.

The cycloaddition of aziridines with unsaturated compounds is a valuable method for synthesizing nitrogen heterocycles. However, this process is predominantly substrate-controlled, posing significant challenges in regulating the regioselectivity of the C-N bond cleavage. In this study, we report a nickel-catalyzed dynamic kinetic activation strategy that enables catalyst-controlled activation of aziridines.

Study on Highly Sensitive Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on Silk Fibroin-Lignin Nanoparticles Hydrogel.

Silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel has been proven to have excellent applications in the field of pressure sensors, but its sensing performance still needs improvement. A flexible hydrogel prepared from natural macromolecular materials was developed, and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were introduced during the preparation of the SF hydrogel. When LNPs account for 3% of SF, the sensing unit of the SF-LNPs hydrogel exhibits high stress sensitivity (1.

Metabolic profiling of Perilla leaves of different colors: insights into metabolite variation and bioactive compound distribution.

Background: Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Lamiaceae) leaves are essential culinary and medicinal herbs, native to East Asian countries.

Quadruple-band synglisis enables high thermoelectric efficiency in earth-abundant tin sulfide crystals.

Thermoelectrics have been limited by the scarcity of their constituent elements, especially telluride. The earth-abundant, wide-bandgap ( ≈ 46 ) tin sulfide (SnS) has shown promising performance in its crystal form. We improved the thermoelectric efficiency in SnS crystals by promoting the convergence of energy and momentum of four valance bands, termed quadruple-band synglisis.

Developing Topics.

Background: TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), has been shown to be involved in various neurodegenerative disorders involving axonal damage including ALS, FTLD, and LATE. Studying the relationships between postmortem TDP-43 and antemortem white matter (WM) structural integrity can allow for a better understanding of underlying neural mechanisms of the disease. Measures of white matter integrity assume fiber bundles to maintain similar characteristics along the length of the tract, however, advanced computational research has identified that white matter integrity varies in stereotyped patterns along the tract.

Developing Topics.

Background: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) has distinct cortical subregions that are differentially vulnerable to pathology and neurodegeneration in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, previous protocols for segmentation of MTL cortical subregions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) vary substantially across research groups, and have been informed by different cytoarchitectonic definitions, precluding consistent interpretations. The Hippocampal Subfields Group aims to create a harmonized, histology-based protocol for segmentation of MTL cortical subregions that can reliably be applied to T2-weighted MRI with high in-plane resolution.

Tigulixostat Alleviates Hyperuricemic Nephropathy by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Purpose: Serum uric acid (SUA) is primarily produced through the hydrolysis of purines in the liver, with its excretion largely handled by the kidneys. Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors are known to enhance uric acid elimination via the kidneys, but they also increase the risk of kidney stone formation. Currently, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors are the predominant uric-lowering medications on the market.

Population sequencing of cherry accessions unravels the evolution of Cerasus species and the selection of genetic characteristics in edible cherries.

Cerasus is a subgenus of Prunus in the family Rosaceae that is popular owing to its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties. Understanding the evolution of the Cerasus subgenus and identifying selective trait loci in edible cherries are crucial for the improvement of cherry cultivars to meet producer and consumer demands. In this study, we performed a de novo assembly of a chromosome-scale genome for the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.

The association between rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation and brain structure and function based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in HIV-positive men who have sex with men.

An increasing number of treatment guidelines recommend rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, data on the association between rapid ART initiation and alterations in brain structure and function remain limited in people with HIV (PWH). A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) undergoing ART.

The gut-brain axis underlying hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis.

Up to 50-70% of patients with liver cirrhosis develop hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis, with an unclear mechanism. Here, by constructing gut-brain modules to assess bacterial neurotoxins from metagenomic datasets, we found that phenylalanine decarboxylase (PDC) genes, mainly from Ruminococcus gnavus, increased approximately tenfold in patients with cirrhosis and higher in patients with HE. Cirrhotic, not healthy, mice colonized with R.

Complexity of intrinsic brain activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients: patterns, association with structural damage, and clinical disability.

Functional plasticity has been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis (MS) studies. However, the intrinsic brain activity complexity alterations remain unclear. Here, using a coarse-graining time-series procedure algorithm, we obtained multiscale entropy (MSE) from a retrospective multi-centre dataset (208 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 228 healthy controls).

Two-stage Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring method for multi-state loads.

The loads that have several working states cannot be accurately distinguished by the conventional Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) methods. This paper proposed an improved NILM method based on the Resnet18 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to address the misidentification of multi-state appliances. The V-I trajectories of loads are at first classified with Resnet18.

MRI-based endplate bone quality scores outperform vertebral bone quality scores in predicting adjacent segment disease following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Purpose: This study aims to (1) evaluate whether the endplate bone quality (EBQ) scores can independently predict adjacent segment disease (ASD); and (2) judge the predictive value of EBQ compared to vertebral bone quality (VBQ) for ASD after single-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted of patients undergoing single-level TLIF for degenerative spinal disease from 2014 to 2020. Demographic, surgery, and radiographic data were collected.

Knowledge of COVID-19 and the psychological status of parents: a retrospective survey in Wuhan, Hubei.

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many parents faced heightened stress, anxiety and depression due to the local and global COVID-19 mitigation measures and lockdowns.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

Setting: This study used stratified whole-cluster sampling to randomly select three elementary schools within Ezhou City.

Development and Application of a Fully Automated Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for the Detection of Antibodies Against Porcine Circovirus 3 Cap.

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a small non-enveloped circovirus associated with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). It has occurred worldwide and poses a serious threat to the pig industry. However, there is no commercially available vaccine.

Antimicrobial Activity of Compounds Isolated from the Nest Material of (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Ants as social insects live in groups, which increases the risk of contagious diseases. In response to the threat of pathogens, ants have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms, including incorporating antimicrobial chemicals into nest material for nest hygiene. is an arboreal ant, building its nest using plant tissues.

Electrochemical Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole Enhanced by Bio-Inspired Iron-Nickel Encapsulated Biochar Particle Electrode.

In the electrocatalytic (EC) degradation process, challenges such as inefficient mass transfer, suboptimal mineralization rates, and limited current efficiency have restricted its broader application. To overcome these obstacles, this study synthesized spherical particle electrodes (FeNi@BC) with superior electrocatalytic performance using a bio-inspired preparation method. A three-dimensional electrocatalytic oxidation system based on FeNi@BC electrode, EC/FeNi@BC, showed excellent degradation efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), reaching 0.

Optimization of Fermentation Process of and Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Protein Extract in Mice.

The seeds of , a high-quality vegetable protein source, encounter application limitations due to their high molecular weight and anti-nutritional factors. This study focused on optimizing the fermentation process by investigating key parameters such as inoculation amount, inoculation ratio, material-to-liquid ratio, fermentation temperature, and fermentation time. Both single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were used to determine the optimal conditions.

Charge Regulation-Enhanced Type I Photosensitizer-Loaded Hydrogel Dressing for Hypoxic Bacterial Inhibition and Biofilm Elimination.

Biofilm-induced chronic bacterial infections represent a significant challenge in modern medicine due to their resistance to conventional antibiotic treatments. Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising antibiotic-free antibacterial strategy, the hypoxic condition within biofilms and the lack of an effective local drug delivery system have limited the clinical effectiveness of photosensitizer (PS) agents. Herein, we propose a type of charge regulation-enhanced type I PS-loaded hydrogel dressing for treating biofilm infection.

PDPN+ cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance gastric cancer angiogenesis via AKT/NF-κB activation and the CCL2-ACKR1 axis.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are intrinsic components of the tumor microenvironment that promote cancer progression and metastasis. Through an unbiased integrated analysis of gastric tumor grade and stage, we identified a subset of proangiogenic CAFs characterized by high podoplanin (PDPN) expression, which are significantly enriched in metastatic lesions and secrete chemokine (CC-motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Mechanistically, PDPN(+) CAFs enhance angiogenesis by activating the AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

The Midas Touch by Iridium: A Second Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Metallo-Agent for Exceptional Phototheranostics of Breast Cancer.

Developing small organic molecular phototheranostic agents with second near-infrared (NIR-II) aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is paramount for the phototriggered diagnostic imaging and synchronous in situ therapy of cancer via an excellent balance of the excited states energy dissipations. In this study, a multifunctional iridium(III) complex is exploited by the coordination of an AIE-active N^N ancillary ligand with a trivalent iridium ion. The resultant complex DPTPzIr significantly outperforms its parent ligand in terms of absorption/emission wavelengths, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and photothermal conversion, which simultaneously endow DPTPzIr nanoparticles with matched absorption peak to commercial 808 nm laser, the longest NIR-II emission peak (above 1100 nm) among those previously reported AIE iridium(III) complexes, potentiated type-I ROS generation, and as high as 60.

Downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/MMP-13 pathway for promoting interface healing via lubricating microspheres.

Interface friction impedes tissue healing and stimulates interface cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs); however, the precise mechanisms underlying matrix degradation, and the formation of fibrous scars remain unclear. This research involved the development of interface lubricating microspheres that inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in tenocytes. This inhibition significantly decreased MMP-13 expression and increased COL-1 production, thereby facilitating interface repair and regeneration.

LBNP: Learning features between neighboring points for point cloud classification.

Inspired by classical works, when constructing local relationships in point clouds, there is always a geometric description of the central point and its neighboring points. However, the basic geometric representation of the central point and its neighborhood is insufficient. Drawing inspiration from local binary pattern algorithms used in image processing, we propose a novel method for representing point cloud neighborhoods, which we call Point Cloud Local Auxiliary Block (PLAB).

Studying targeted oxidation in diabetic cognitive dysfunction based on scientometrics analysis: research progress of natural product approaches.

Purpose: The aim is to provide new insights for researchers studying the pathogenesis of diabetic cognitive dysfunction and promoting the wider use of natural products in their treatment.

Method: First, the Web of Science Core Collection was selected as the data source for a computerized literature search on oxidative stress and diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD). Next, Biblimetrix and VOSviewer performed statistical analysis focusing on publication countries, institutions, authors, research hotspots, and emerging directions in the field.