Metabolism profiles of tannins in Phyllanthus emblica L. and its immunotherapeutic potential against hepatocellular carcinoma by re-educating tumor microenvironment.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and represent significant obstacles to effective immunotherapy. Phyllanthus emblica L.

Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC)-14, a KPC Variant Conferring Resistance to Ceftazidime-Avibactam in the Extensively Drug-resistant ST463 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolate.

Objectives: We studied two Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-14 variants from clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (C137 and C159) to better understand the genomic diversity, mechanisms, and genes that confer antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity.

Methods: Genomic DNA from C137/159 was subjected to Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing. Horizontal transmission of the plasmid was evaluated using cloning experiments.

Platelet Membrane and miR-181a-5p Doubly Optimized Nanovesicles Enhance Cardiac Repair Post-Myocardial Infarction through Macrophage Polarization.

Macrophages play a crucial role in cardiac remodeling and prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous studies have built a scalable method for preparing scaled stem cell nanovesicles (NVs) and demonstrated their remarkable reparative effects on ischemic heart disease. To further enhance the targeted reparative capabilities of the NVs toward injured myocardium, we employed a dual modification strategy involving platelet membrane coating and miR-181a-5p loading, creating a nanovesicle termed P-181-NV.

Aegilops tauschii genome assembly v6.0 with improved sequence contiguity differentiates assembly errors from genuine differences with the D subgenome of Chinese Spring wheat assembly IWGSC RefSeq v2.1.

Aegilops tauschii is the donor of the D subgenome of hexaploid wheat and a valuable genetic resource for wheat improvement. Several reference-quality genome sequences have been reported for Ae. tauschii accession AL8/78.

TCF7 functions as a prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer by strengthening EMT and stemness associated with TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling.

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the top ten most common tumors, with recurrence and metastasis being major causes of mortality among patients. A high recurrence rate is a hallmark of BC. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in the formation of cancer stem cells, tumor metastasis, and immune evasion.

Exosome-capturing scaffold promotes endogenous bone regeneration through neutrophil-derived exosomes by enhancing fast vascularization.

Exosomes (Exos), extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, are a promising therapeutic platform for tissue regeneration. In the current study, an exosome-capturing scaffold (ECS) was designed to attract and anchor exosomes via electrostatic adherence followed by lipophilic interactions. Our findings demonstrate that local enrichment of exosomes in the ECS implanted into critical mandibular defects could significantly accelerate endogenous bone regeneration by enhancing vascularization at the defect site.

Prefrontal FGF1 Signaling is Required for Accumbal Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Addiction.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a prospective treatment for psychiatric disorders; for example, DBS targeting the nucleus accumbens (NAc) abolishes addictive behaviors. However, neither the core pathway nor the cellular mechanisms underlying these therapeutic effects are known. Here, morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice as an addiction model and NAc-DBS combined with adeno-associated virus gene delivery for activity-dependent tagging, transgenic and chemogenetic manipulation of recruited neuronal networks are used.

An adoptive cell therapy with TREM2-overexpressing macrophages mitigates the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.

Background: Macrophages have been shown to contribute to renal injury and fibrosis as well as repair. Recently, Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2)-positive macrophages have been shown to play important roles in regulating tissue inflammation and repair. However, it remains unclear whether they can mitigate the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease (the AKI-CKD transition).

Plant invasion risk assessment in Argentina's arid and semi-arid rangelands.

Climate change and anthropogenic activities have amplified the risk of invasive species spread. Approximately two-thirds of Argentina's land area comprises arid and semi-arid rangelands, yet the current state of invasions across these vast regions and their projected spread under future climate change scenarios remain insufficiently understood. To address this research gap, we employed an ensemble modeling approach to simulate and predict the distribution of 30 major invasive species across Argentina's five key arid and semi-arid rangelands.

Expression and prognostic significance of the m6A RNA methylation regulator HNRNPC in HNSCC.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is crucial for tumor development and progression; however, which m6A regulators play a pivotal role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains ambiguous.

Methods: Utilizing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the expression levels of m6A regulators in HNSCC were examined, which led to the identification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C () as a key gene. Further experiments were performed in patient samples, stable cell lines, and a murine xenograft tumor model.

The efficacy of computerized cognitive training in patients with coronary heart disease and cognitive impairment, no dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive training has been confirmed to significantly improve the overall cognitive function in patients. For patients with coronary heart disease, in addition to controlling common risk factors, there is a lack of effective evidence for the treatment of cognitive function in patients with coronary heart disease and its effectiveness. This randomized controlled study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive training for improving cognitive function in such patients.

Baicalein Inhibited Amino-modified Polystyrene Nanoplastics Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Pyroptosis by Reducing the Expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/Gasdermin D Pathway-related Proteins.

Amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (NH-NPs), generated through ultraviolet aging and photocatalytic processes, can lead to vascular damage. Baicalein is a flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory properties that exerts a protective effect on blood vessels. However, whether baicalein can inhibit vascular damage induced by NH-NPs remains to be investigated.

3D Cluster-Based Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient CO Photoreduction.

Copper clusters exhibit superior catalytic activity for the CO reduction reaction (CORR), and their defined structures endow them with unique advantages for modeling the catalytic mechanism at the atomic level. Additionally, the construction of highly stable and regularly structured covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on copper clusters still presents significant challenges. Herein, we reported two highly stable and reactive cluster-based COFs (termed CuCOF-1 and CuCOF-2) constructed via a stepwise assembly strategy.

Phenolic compounds from sappan lignum and their anti-neuroinflammatory activities.

Caesappanols A-F (1-6), six undescribed phenolic compounds, including two dibenzofurans (1, 2), three biphenols (3-5), and one homoisoflavan (6), along with ten known compounds (7-16), were isolated from Sappan Lignum, the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. Compounds 1 and 2 represent the initial discovery of dibenzofuran skeletons within this herb. Structural elucidation of these compounds was achieved through comprehensive analysis of 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and mass spectrometry data.

TCL1A in naïve B cells as a therapeutic target for type 1 diabetes.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the attack of pancreatic β cells by "self" immune cells. Although previous studies demonstrated that B cells contribute to T1D through antigen presentation and autoantibody production, the involvement of different populations of B cells, particularly in the early stages of T1D, has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and flow cytometry to investigate immune cell populations in patients with newly diagnosed T1D, their relative controls and age-matched healthy controls.

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Directed Differentiation Methods and Applications in Brain Diseases.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), similar to embryonic stem cells, are a class of pluripotent stem cells with the potential to differentiate into various kinds of cells. Because the application of hiPSCs obtained by reprogramming patients' somatic cells in the treatment of brain diseases bypasses the ethical constraints on the use of embryonic stem cells and mitigates immune rejection, hiPSCs have profound clinical application prospects. In this review, we first summarized the differentiation methods of hiPSCs into different kinds of neurons, and secondly discussed the application of hiPSCs in several brain disease models, so as to provide a reference for the future application of hiPSCs in the studies and treatment of brain diseases.

The role of astrocyte metabolic reprogramming in ischemic stroke (Review).

Ischemic stroke, a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, is characterized by the sudden loss of blood flow in specific area of the brain. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is the only approved pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke; however, the aforementioned treatment has significant clinical limitations, thus there is an urgent need for the development of novel mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke. Astrocytes, abundant and versatile cells in the central nervous system, offer crucial support to neurons nutritionally, structurally and physically.

Association of metabolic phenotypes with cardiovascular events in patients aged 18-45 with acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are related to cardiovascular events. However, the association different metabolic phenotypes and obesity with cardiovascular events among young adults aged 18-45 with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients aged 18-45 years with ACS based on their metabolic phenotype.

Evaluation of methylene blue restaining versus conventional hydrogen peroxide decolorization in immunohistochemical diagnosis of melanoma.

This study seeks to address the challenge of melanoma identification in immunohistochemical (IHC) diagnosis, which is complicated by the similar coloration of melanin and DAB (Diaminobenzidine) staining, by introducing methylene blue counterstaining as an innovative solution. We compared the effectiveness of methylene blue counterstaining with that of the traditional hydrogen peroxide bleaching method in the diagnosis of melanoma. The study included 46 paraffin-embedded melanoma samples, and the staining efficacy for markers such as Melan A, HMB-45, PRAME, and Ki-67 was assessed via both methods.

MiR-222-3p loaded stem cell nanovesicles repair myocardial ischemia damage via inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress.

Aims: Mitochondrial oxidative stress (MOS) is a key contributor to poor cardiac function and a major driver of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Our previous research demonstrated that stem cell-derived nanovesicles (NVs) enhanced cardiac function following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We constructed and characterized miR-222-3p-loaded NVs.

Cryptotanshinone Inhibits Obesity-Related Cervical Cancer by Downregulating CXCL8 Expression in Hela Cells.

Cervical cancer is one of the cancers commonly found in the female reproductive system and is associated with obesity. However, the exact connection mechanisms remain unclear. Screening of key therapeutic targets and natural products with good antitumor activity has become a crucial strategy for cancer therapy.

N-acetyltransferase 10 regulates UNC-51-like kinase 1 to reduce tubular cell injury and kidney stone formation.

Objective: Among the most common chronic kidney diseases, kidney stones are second only to hypertension. Kidney stones pose a public health threat due to their increased incidence, high recurrence rate, and heavy economic burden. In this work, we investigated the potential mechanism of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in oxidative stress and pyroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs).

Lianhua Qingke Tablet in severe pneumonia: Clinical efficacy and immunoregulatory mechanisms.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lianhua Qingke (LHQK), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown efficacy in treating acute and chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis. However, the specific mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of LHQK on severe pneumonia is not clear.

Aim Of The Study: Severe pneumonia remains a critical health challenge, particularly in cases progressing to sepsis and septic shock, where host immune responses become dysregulated or dysfunctional.

Effects of drought stress and inoculation on the physicochemical properties, enzymatic activities, and bacterial community of L. rhizosphere soil.

Background: Soil microorganisms are crucial for plant growth, and both plants and their associated rhizosphere microbes are impacted by changes in soil moisture. Inoculation with beneficial fungi can improve bacterial community structure and soil parameters.

Aim: Under drought stress conditions, the effects of inoculation with on the physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and bacterial community structure of the rhizosphere soil of were studied.