Development and research status of intelligent ophthalmology in China.

This paper analyzes the current status, technological developments, academic exchange platforms, and future challenges and solutions in the field of intelligent ophthalmology (IO) in China. In terms of technology, significant progress has been made in various areas, including diabetic retinopathy, fundus image analysis, quality assessment of medical artificial intelligence products, clinical research methods, technical evaluation, and industry standards. Researchers continually enhance the safety and standardization of IO technology by formulating a series of clinical application guidelines and standards.

A Record-High Cryogenic Magnetocaloric Effect Discovered in EuCl Compound.

Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) based on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is a promising technique to achieve cryogenic temperature. However, magnetic entropy change (Δ), the driving force of ADR, remains far below theoretical -Δ = ln(2 + 1)/ for most magnetic refrigerants. Here, we report giant MCE in orthorhombic EuCl, where a ferromagnetic ground state with excellent single-ion behavior of Eu and free spins has been demonstrated by combining calculations with Brillouin function analysis and magnetic measurements.

Achieving Significant Multilevel Modulation in Superior-quality Organic Spin Valve.

Organic semiconductors, characterized by their exceptionally long spin relaxation times (≈ms) and unique spinterface effects, are considered game-changers in spintronics. However, achieving high-performance and wide-range tunable magnetoresistance (MR) in organic spintronic devices remains challenging, severely limiting the development of organic spintronics. This work combines straintronic multiferroic heterostructures with organic spin valve (OSV) to develop a three-terminal OSV device with a gate structure.

Development of a CD39 nanobody and its enhancement to chimeric antigen receptor T cells efficacy against ovarian cancer in preclinical studies.

: CD39, a key ectonucleotidase that drives adenosine production, acts as a critical immunosuppressive checkpoint in cancer. Although it has shown promise as a therapeutic target, clinical trials are demonstrating the need for more potent targeting approaches. This need is driving innovation towards the development of novel antibodies and the exploration of strategic combinations with a range of immunotherapies.

Tunable Valley Pseudospin and Electron-Phonon Coupling in WSe/1T-VSe Heterostructures.

Heterostructure engineering provides versatile platforms for exploring exotic physics and enhancing the device performance through interface coupling. Despite the rich array of physical phenomena presented by heterostructures composed of semiconductor and metal van der Waals materials, significant gaps remain in understanding their optical, thermal, and electronic properties. Here, we demonstrate that the valley pseudospin and electron-phonon coupling in monolayer WSe are significantly influenced by interface coupling with 1T-VSe.

Giant Optical Anisotropy Induced by Magnetic Order in FePS/WSe Heterostructures.

Magnetic 2D materials offer a promising platform for manipulating quantum states at the nanoscale. Recent studies have underscored the significant influence of 2D magnetic materials on the optical behaviors of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), revealing phenomena such as interlayer exciton-magnon interactions, magnetization-dependent valley polarization, and an enhanced Zeeman effect. However, the controlled manipulation of anisotropic optical properties in TMDs via magnetism remains challenging.

Role of hsa_circ_0007482 in pterygium development: insights into proliferation, apoptosis, and clinical correlations.

Aim: To investigate the impact of hsa_circ_0007482 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) and its correlation with the severity grades of pterygium.

Methods: Pterygium and normal conjunctival tissues were collected from the superior area of the same patient's eye (=33). The correlation between pterygium severity and hsa_circ_0007482 expression using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were analyzed.

Anomalous Phonon Behavior and Tunable Exciton Emissions: Insights into Pressure-Driven Dynamics in Silicon Phosphide.

IV-V two-dimensional materials have emerged as key contenders for polarization-sensitive and angle-resolved devices, given their inherent anisotropic physical properties. While these materials exhibit intriguing high-pressure quasi-particle behavior and phase transition, the evolution of quasi-particles and their interactions under external pressure remain elusive. Here, employing a diamond anvil cell and spectroscopic measurements coupled with first-principles calculations, we unveil rarely observed pressure-induced phonon-phonon coupling in layered SiP flakes.

Kinase PIM1 governs ferroptosis to reduce retinal microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction triggered by high glucose.

Previous studies have implicated targeting Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (PIM1) as a preventive measure against high glucose-induced cellular stress and apoptosis. This study aimed to reveal the potential role and regulatory mechanism of PIM1 in diabetic retinopathy. Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) underwent high glucose induction, and fluctuations in PIM1 levels were assessed.

Observation of Emergent Superconductivity in the Topological Insulator TaPdTe via Pressure Manipulation.

Topological insulators offer significant potential to revolutionize diverse fields driven by nontrivial manifestations of their topological electronic band structures. However, the realization of superior integration between exotic topological states and superconductivity for practical applications remains a challenge, necessitating a profound understanding of intricate mechanisms. Here, we report experimental observations for a novel superconducting phase in the pressurized second-order topological insulator candidate TaPdTe, and the high-pressure phase maintains its original ambient pressure lattice symmetry up to 45 GPa.

The Association Between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Pulmonary Function: Recent Fndings from NHANES 2007-2012.

This article aims to study the correlation between dietary magnesium intake and pulmonary function, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. This cross-sectional study examined representative samples of adults from the USA (n = 818; NHANES 2007-2012) to explore the correlation between magnesium intake and pulmonary function. We obtained the average magnesium intake over 2 days, as well as measured pulmonary function parameters, including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate (PEF), and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF).

Enhanced Homogeneity of Moiré Superlattices in Double-Bilayer WSe Homostructure.

Moiré superlattices have emerged as a promising platform for investigating and designing optically generated excitonic properties. The electronic band structure of these systems can be qualitatively modulated by interactions between the top and bottom layers, leading to the emergence of new quantum phenomena. However, the inhomogeneities present in atomically thin bilayer moiré superlattices created by artificial stacking have hindered a deeper understanding of strongly correlated electron properties.

Pressure-Induced Dynamic Tuning of Interlayer Coupling in Twisted WSe/WSe Homobilayers.

Moiré superlattices induced by twisted van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures or homostructures have recently gained significant attention due to their potential to generate exotic strong-correlation electronic and phonon phenomena. However, the lack of dynamic tuning for interlayer coupling of moiré superlattices hinders a thorough understanding and development of the moiré correlation state. Here, we present a dynamic tuning method for twisted WSe/WSe homobilayers using a diamond anvil cell (DAC).

Observation of optical anisotropy and a linear dichroism transition in layered silicon phosphide.

The investigation of in-plane two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic materials has garnered significant attention due to their exceptional electronic, optical, and mechanical characteristics. The anisotropic optical properties and angle-dependent photodetectors based on 2D anisotropic materials have been extensively studied. However, novel in-plane anisotropic materials still need to be explored to satisfy for distinct environments and devices.

Analysis of retinal arteriolar and venular parameters in primary open angle glaucoma.

Aim: To measure the retinal vessels of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) algorithm to better explore their structural changes in the pathogenesis of POAG.

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, the right eyes of 32 patients with POAG and 30 healthy individuals were routinely selected. Images of the supratemporal and infratemporal retinal vessels in the B zones were obtained by SD-OCT, and the edges of the vessels were identified by the FWHM method.

Localization-enhanced moiré exciton in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide heterotrilayer superlattices.

The stacking of twisted two-dimensional (2D) layered materials has led to the creation of moiré superlattices, which have become a new platform for the study of quantum optics. The strong coupling of moiré superlattices can result in flat minibands that boost electronic interactions and generate interesting strongly correlated states, including unconventional superconductivity, Mott insulating states, and moiré excitons. However, the impact of adjusting and localizing moiré excitons in Van der Waals heterostructures has yet to be explored experimentally.

Strain-tunable valley polarization and localized excitons in monolayer WSe.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have a crystalline structure with broken spatial inversion symmetry, making them promising candidates for valleytronic applications. However, the degree of valley polarization is usually not high due to the presence of intervalley scattering. Here, we use the nanoindentation technique to fabricate strained structures of WSe on Au arrays, thus demonstrating the generation and detection of strained localized excitons in monolayer WSe.

Moiré Enhanced Potentials in Twisted Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Trilayers Homostructures.

The exploration of moiré superlatticesholds promising potential to uncover novel quantum phenomena emerging from the interplay of atomic structure and electronic correlation . However, the impact of the moiré potential modulation on the number of twisted layers has yet to be experimentally explored. Here, this work synthesizes a twisted WSe homotrilayer using a dry-transfer method and investigates the enhancement of the moiré potential with increasing number of twisted layers.

HDAC5-mediated PRAME regulates the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is an aggressive and lethal malignant neoplasm with extremely poor prognoses. Accumulating evidence has indicated that preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is correlated with several kinds of cancers. However, there is little direct evidence to substantiate the biological function of PRAME in LSCC.

Screening of three-way crossbred combination and genetic effect analysis of the SNP in the gene in meat sheep.

In order to promote the rapid development of the meat sheep industry, a three-way crossbred combination experiment was carried out with Australian White, Dorper, and Charollais sheep as terminal male parents and the elite F1 hybrids of Australian White   Small-tailed Han (Han), Dorper   Han, and Charollais   Han as female parents, which was based on the screening of a two-way crossbred combination in meat sheep. The growth performance of six groups of three-way crossbred combinations and Han lambs was measured and analyzed, and the effect of a polymorphism in the gene on the growth performance of three-way crossbred lambs was also studied. The results showed that under the same rearing conditions, weight at 3 and 6 months of age and average daily gain from birth to 3 months and from 3 to 6 months of age were all the largest for Australian   (Charollais   Han) crossbred lambs.

Insulator-to-Superconductor Transition in Quasi-One-Dimensional HfS under Pressure.

Various transition-metal trichalcogenides (TMTC) show unique electronic properties, such as metal-insulator transition, topological insulator, and even superconducting transition. Currently, almost all metallic TMTC compounds can show superconductivity either at ambient pressure or at high pressure. However, most TMTC compounds are semiconductors and even insulators.

Compressive-Strain-Facilitated Fast Oxygen Migration with Reversible Topotactic Transformation in LaSrCoO via All-Solid-State Electrolyte Gating.

Modifying the crystal structure and corresponding functional properties of complex oxides by regulating their oxygen content has promising applications in energy conversion and chemical looping, where controlling oxygen migration plays an important role. Therefore, finding an efficacious and feasible method to facilitate oxygen migration has become a critical requirement for practical applications. Here, we report a compressive-strain-facilitated oxygen migration with reversible topotactic phase transformation (RTPT) in LaSrCoO films based on all-solid-state electrolyte gating modulation.