Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Protects Against Post-Cardiac Arrest Myocardial Dysfunction Through a Novel Mechanism of Suppressing Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production.

Post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction significantly contributes to early mortality after the return of spontaneous circulation. However, no effective therapy is available now. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzyme has been shown to protect the heart from aldehyde toxicity such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and oxidative stress.

The Oncogenic Functions of Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 3 in Human Carcinomas.

IGF2BP3 (also known as IMP3, KOC), a member of the insulin-like growth factor mRNA-binding protein family (IMPs), has been a research target in recent studies of promoting embryo development and exacerbating cancer. IGF2BP3 is ubiquitously expressed in early embryogenesis stages but limited in postembryonic stages, which is important in many physiological aspects such as stem cell renewal, morphological development and metabolism. A large number of studies show that IGF2BP3 interacts with many kinds of non-coding RNAs and proteins to promote cancer cell proliferation and metastasis and inhibit cancer cell apoptosis.

Enhancing Capacitance Performance of TiCT MXene as Electrode Materials of Supercapacitor: From Controlled Preparation to Composite Structure Construction.

TiCT, a novel two-dimensional layer material, is widely used as electrode materials of supercapacitor due to its good metal conductivity, redox reaction active surface, and so on. However, there are many challenges to be addressed which impede TiCT obtaining the ideal specific capacitance, such as restacking, re-crushing, and oxidation of titanium. Recently, many advances have been proposed to enhance capacitance performance of TiCT.

Diagnostic Performance of Donor-Derived Plasma Cell-Free DNA Fraction for Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Post Renal Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of donor-derived plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in discriminating antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) or donor-specific antibodies (DSA) without histological lesions in kidney allograft recipients.

Methods: In this prospective single center observational study, we enrolled kidney allograft recipients between November, 2016 and September, 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Kidney allograft recipients with ABMR, DSA but no histological lesions or negative DSA, and stable renal function were included.

Effect of extrusion process on the mechanical and in vitro degradation performance of a biomedical Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy.

A new type of biomedical Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy was developed and thermal extruded by different processes to investigate the effect of extrusion ratio and extrusion pass on its microstructure, mechanical property and degradation performance. The results show that the increase of extrusion ratio could promote the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process and led to the coarsening of DRXed grains. While the increase of extrusion pass also contributes to the DRX process but refines the DRXed grains.

Overexpression of IGF2BP3 as a Potential Oncogene in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma.

Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (OCCC) displays distinctive clinical and molecular characteristics and confers the worst prognosis among all ovarian carcinoma histotypes when diagnosed at advanced stage, because of the lack of effective therapy. IGF2BP3 is an RNA binding protein that modulates gene expression by post-transcriptional action. In this study, we investigated the roles of IGF2BP3 in the progression of OCCC.

Magnesium and vitamin C supplementation attenuates steroid-associated osteonecrosis in a rat model.

Magnesium (Mg)-based biometal attracts clinical applications due to its biodegradability and beneficial biological effects on tissue regeneration, especially in orthopaedics, yet the underlying anabolic mechanisms in relevant clinical disorders are lacking. The present study investigated the effect of magnesium (Mg) and vitamin C (VC) supplementation for preventing steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) in a rat experimental model. In SAON rats, 50 mg/kg Mg, or 100 mg/kg VC, or combination, or water control was orally supplemented daily for 2 or 6 weeks respectively.

Identification and functional comparison of Bcl2 splicing isoforms in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) provide an ideal model for investigating developmental processes and are great sources for developing regenerative medicine. Harnessing apoptosis facilitates accurate recapitulation of signalling events during embryogenesis and allows efficient expansion of the ESCs during differentiation. Bcl2, a key regulator of intrinsic anti-apoptotic pathway, encodes two splicing isoforms.

Thrombospondin-1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target: Multiple Roles in Cancers.

Thrombospondin-1, an extracellular matrix protein, is the first identified natural angiogenesis inhibitor. Thrombospondin-1 participates in a great number of physiological and pathological processes, including cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions via a number of cell receptors, including CD36 and CD47, which plays a vital role in mediating inflammation and performs a promoting effect in pulmonary arterial vasculopathy and diabetes. Thrombospondin-1 consists of six domains, which combine with different molecules and participate in various functions in cancers, serving as a critical member in diverse pathways in cancers.

Vibration and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate treatment suppresses intramuscular fat infiltration and adipogenic differentiation in sarcopenic mice.

Background: Sarcopenia is an aging-induced deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and function. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) was shown to improve muscle functions and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) to increase muscle mass and strength. Muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) are progenitor cells important for muscle regeneration.

Alternative processing technology for the preparation of carbonized Zingiberis Rhizoma by stir-frying with sand.

Carbonized ginger, a type of charry herb, has been used as a hemostatic medicine since ancient times. However, there are some serious problems such as inhomogeneous heating and emitting smoke during processing with traditional stir-frying method. To investigate the feasibility to obtain carbonized ginger by stir-frying with sand instead of stir-frying method.

Intracranial hemorrhage risk factors of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a 2-year follow-up study.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after deep brain stimulation (DBS) for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Patients who received DBS from March 2014 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The hemorrhage index was derived by combining the hemorrhagic volume and clinical manifestations of ICH.

[Chemical constituents from fermented Noni juice].

The present work was launched to study the chemical constituents from fermented Noni juice. Ten compounds were isolated by using silicagel,Sephadex LH-20 and pre-HPLC. The structures of these compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR.

Comparison of usual care and the HEART score for effectively and safely discharging patients with low-risk chest pain in the emergency department: would the score always help?

Background: Triage decisions for chest pain patients receiving usual care are based on a dynamic and comprehensive strategy performed in the physician's mind. It remains controversial whether simple, structured risk tools can surpass real, complex judgments.

Hypothesis: The potentially used History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk factors, Troponin (HEART) score would help identify low-risk patients for discharge.

The role of soluble B cell-activating factor in further stratifying the risk of antibody-mediated rejection post-renal transplant: A meta-analysis.

Background: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of serum soluble B cell-activating factor (sBAFF) for antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), which remains controversial.

Methods: Systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and three Chinese databases. Studies of any relevant design were included.

Design, synthesis and antitumor activity of a novel PEG-A6-conjugated irinotecan derivative.

A novel PEG-A6-conjugated irinotecan derivative 8 was designed and synthesized as antitumor agent by the PEGylation and A6-peptide modification of irinotecan. In vivo antitumor activity screening assay revealed that 8 exhibited better in vivo antiproliferation activity than irinotecan and its previous PEG-cRGD-conjugated derivative BGC0222 in MIA PaCa-2, NCI-H446, MDA-MB-231, HT-29 and NCI-N87 xenograft models, while the tumor of one in six mice in NCI-H446 assay and the tumors of two in six mice in MIA PaCa-2 assay completely subsided and disappeared within the 21-day period of 8-treatment, indicating that 8 should be a potential antitumor agent.

Higher serum phosphorus predicts residual renal function loss in male but not female incident peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Elevated serum phosphorus level is a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease in non-dialysis patients. However, the association of serum phosphorus level with residual renal function (RRF) loss among incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients remains unclear.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected cohort of 1245 incident CAPD patients from January 2006 to December 2015 and followed up until December 2017.

Ultrafast labeling and high-fidelity imaging of mitochondria in cancer cells using an aggregation-enhanced emission fluorescent probe.

An aggregation-enhanced emission mitochondrial probe, LIQ-3, was developed for ultrafast labeling within one minute and for distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells. Furthermore, the probe revealed high-fidelity tracking of mitochondria in a three-dimensional localization with advantages that include a specific targeting capacity and a high signal-to-noise ratio.

PD-L1 and PD-1 expressed in trigeminal ganglia may inhibit pain in an acute migraine model.

Background: Neurogenic inflammation, mediated by the activation of primary neurons, is thought to be an important factor in migraine pathophysiology. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can suppress the immune response through the Programmed cell death-1 receptor. However, the role of PD-L1/PD-1 in migraine remains unclear.

Genomic profiling in amyloid light-chain amyloidosis reveals mutation profiles associated with overall survival.

Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by tissue deposition of amyloid fibres derived from immunoglobulin that can lead to irreversible organ damage. Information about genomic profiles of AL amyloidosis is lacking. In this study, we adopted a two-step strategy to investigate the mutational profile of AL amyloidosis bone marrow plasma cells (PCs) and their clinical implications.

Dynamic Alterations of Spontaneous Neural Activity in Parkinson's Disease: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

To investigate the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFFs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy controls (HCs) and further explore whether dALFF can be used to test the feasibility of differentiating PD from HCs. Twenty-eight patients with PD and 28 demographically matched HCs underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and neuropsychological tests. A dynamic method was used to calculate the dALFFs of rs-fMRI data obtained from all subjects.

CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES AND PROGNOSIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS: MORE ATTENTION TO YOUNGER PATIENTS.

Our study sought to investigate the clinicopathologic features and renal prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in different age groups. A total of 315 patients with T2DM and biopsy-proven DN were enrolled and divided into three groups by age: the Youth group (≤44 years old), the Middle-aged group (45 to 59 years old), and the Elderly group (≥60 years old). The Youth group, Middle-aged group, and Elderly group accounted for 19.

miR-370 inhibits the oxidative stress and apoptosis of cardiac myocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide by targeting FOXO1.

Myocardial infarction, one of the main factors that threatens human health, leads to cardiac cell death. Myocardial cells suffer ischemia and hypoxia for a long period of time, which can lead to irreversible cell death or apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been reported to play an important role in a wide range of biological processes in cardiac myocytes, which respond to inflammation and oxidative stress.

CSF1-associated decrease in endometrial macrophages may contribute to Asherman's syndrome.

Problem: Asherman's syndrome (AS) is characterized by endometrial fibrosis leading to intrauterine adhesions and symptoms like hypomenorrhea, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss. Macrophages are key regulators of inflammation, tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. However, the role of macrophages in AS remains unclear.

FcgRIII Deficiency and FcgRIIb Defeciency Promote Renal Injury in Diabetic Mice.

The immune system is involved in the development of diabetes complications and IgG Fc gamma receptors (FcgRs) are key immune receptors responsible for the effective control of both humoral and innate immunity. We investigated the effects of members of the FcgR superfamily into both the streptozotocin plus high fat-induced type 2 diabetes and high fat diet (HFD) models. FcgRIII diabetic mice and FcgRIIb diabetic mice had elevated levels of serum creatinine compared with wildtype (WT) diabetic mice.