Automated Distal Radius and Ulna Skeletal Maturity Grading from Hand Radiographs with an Attention Multi-Task Learning Method.

Assessment of skeletal maturity is a common clinical practice to investigate adolescent growth and endocrine disorders. The distal radius and ulna (DRU) maturity classification is a practical and easy-to-use scheme that was designed for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis clinical management and presents high sensitivity in predicting the growth peak and cessation among adolescents. However, time-consuming and error-prone manual assessment limits DRU in clinical application.

Deubiquitinase USP37 enhances the anti-HIV-2/SIV ability of the host restriction factor SAMHD1.

The Vpx protein encoded by HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can antagonize the restriction of the host intrinsic restriction factor, SAMHD1, in nondividing cells by promoting its polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation, thereby facilitating viral replication and immune evasion. However, the role of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in the dynamics of virus and host remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that DUB USP37 significantly reverses the Vpx-mediated degradation of SAMHD1 in various HIV-2/SIV subtypes by interacting with SAMHD1 and removing its ubiquitin chains.

Fluorescent superparamagnetic magnetite-silica nanocomposites as carriers of a platinum diimine complex for photodynamic therapy.

Novel fluorescent superparamagnetic nanocomposites have been fabricated by introduction of the coumarin group on the surface of amine-functionalized magnetite-silica nanocomposites, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectra, dynamic light scattering and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques. The nanocomposites were employed as delivery vehicles of a photoactive platinum diimine complex. The cellular uptake and photocytotoxicity of the photosensitizer-loaded nanocomposites in HeLa cells (human cervical cancer line) or HL-7702 cells (human liver cell line) have been studied by fluorescence spectra and cell viability assay, respectively.

The reduced interaction between SufS and SufU in Mycoplasma penetrans results in diminished sulfotransferase activity.

Mycoplasma Penetrans (Mpe) is an AIDS-related mycoplasma that is also closely related to respiratory diseases. Proteins involved in the first phase of Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in the SUF-like pathway are essential in Gram-positive bacteria because there is no redundant Fe-S cluster biosynthetic pathway in these proteins. In this study, we characterized two essential proteins: cysteine desulphurase (MpeSufS) and sulfurtransferase (MpeSufU) in Mpe, and resolved their crystal structures.

STING signaling contributes to methotrexate-induced liver injury by regulating ferroptosis in mice.

Methotrexate (MTX), an anti-metabolite agent, is a widely used chemotherapeutic anticancer drug, but its hepatotoxicity severely limits its clinical application. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of MTX-caused liver damage are extremely intricate and still need to be fully clarified. In the current study, we investigated the role of the STING-ERS-ferroptosis axis in MTX-triggered hepatic toxicity in vivo and in vitro models.

Calmodulin kinase II inhibition suppresses atrioventricular conduction by regulating intracellular Ca homeostasis.

Background: Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibition decelerates atrioventricular node (AVN) conduction, providing a potential treatment of tachycardia. However, the effectiveness of CaMKII inhibition on tachycardia and its underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of CaMKII inhibition in reducing ventricular rates during atrial fibrillation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism in affecting AVN electrophysiology.

A case report of nasal myiasis caused by in a patient with respiratory failure.

Nasal myiasis is a nasal infestation caused by myiasis, a parasitic disease affecting the nasal cavity. It is a rare condition. The nasal cavity is in close proximity to the sinuses, eyes, and cranial cavity.

Synthesis, structure, spectra, cytotoxicity and photo induced NO release of four isomeric nitrosylruthenium complexes.

Four isomeric nitrosyl ruthenium complexes [RuCl(2mqn)(Val)(NO)] (1-4) were prepared (2mqn, 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline; Val, l-valine) and characterized by H NMR, C NMR, absorption spectrum, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal diffraction. Time-resolved FT-IR and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to monitor photo-induced NO release in solution, while NO released in living cells was imaged using a selective fluorescent probe. The isomeric complexes showed different levels of cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, and slightly photo-enhanced anti-proliferative activity was observed.

Sn-modified Cu nanosheets catalyze CO reduction to CH efficiently by stabilizing CO intermediates and promoting CC coupling.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) is a process in which CO is reduced to high-value-added C and C energy sources, particularly ethylene (CH), thereby supporting carbon-neutral recycling with minimal consumption. This makes it a promising technology with significant potential. Nevertheless, the low selectivity for CH remains a significant challenge in practical applications.

EX527, a sirtuins 1 inhibitor, sensitizes T-cell leukemia to death receptor-mediated apoptosis by downregulating cellular FLICE inhibitory protein.

Death receptor-mediated extrinsic apoptosis system had been developed as a promising therapeutic strategy in clinical oncology, such as TRAIL therapy. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that TRAIL resistance is the biggest problem for disappointing clinical trials despite preclinical success. Targeting cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (cFLIP) is one strategy of combinatorial therapies to overcome resistance to DR-mediated apoptosis due to its negative regulator of extrinsic apoptosis.

Polar Metallicity Controlled by Epitaxial Strain Engineering.

The discovery of polar metal opens the door to incorporating electric polarization into electronics with the potential to invigorate next-generation multifunctional electronic devices. Especially, electric polarization can be induced by geometric design in non-polar perovskite oxides. Here, the epitaxial strain exerted on the deposited single-crystalline NdNiO thin films is systematically varied in both sign and amplitude by choosing substrates with different lattice mismatch.

Response of seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics to alkali stress in halophyte Suaeda liaotungensis.

Soil salinization has been considered as a major environmental threat to plant growth. Different types of salt in saline soil have different effects on germination and seedling growth. Effect of NaCl on germination and seedling establishment in Suaeda liaotungensis have been reported, but its response to alkali stress remains unclear.

peri-Fused polyaromatic molecular contacts for perovskite solar cells.

Molecule-based selective contacts have become a crucial component to ensure high-efficiency inverted perovskite solar cells. These molecules always consist of a conjugated core with heteroatom substitution to render the desirable carrier-transport capability. So far, the design of successful conjugation cores has been limited to two N-substituted π-conjugated structures, carbazole and triphenylamine, with molecular optimization evolving around their derivatives.

Associations of blood pressure in the third trimester and risk of venous thromboembolism postpartum.

Studies on the associations of blood pressure (BP) and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) had been performed neither among pregnant women nor in Chinese population. This study included participants of pregnant women from a retrospective multicenter cohort, between May 2020 and April 2023. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) of the participants were measured in the third trimester.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of GA-induced dormancy release in black seeds.

Bunge produces dimorphic seeds on the same plant, with brown seeds displaying non-dormant characteristics and black seeds exhibiting intermediate physiological dormancy traits. Previous studies have shown that black seeds have a very low germination rate under natural conditions, but exogenous GA effectively enhanced the germination rate of black seeds. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of GA on black seeds are still unclear.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of antifungal peptide epinecidin-1 against Botrytis cinerea by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

The marine antifungal peptide epinecidin-1 (EPI) have been shown to inhibit Botrytis cinerea growth, while the molecular mechanism have not been explored based on omics technology. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of EPI against B. cinerea by transcriptome technology.

Benefits and Risks of Antihyperlipidemic Medication in Adults with Different Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Based on the Number Needed to Treat.

Purpose: The objective of this investigation is to examine the benefits and potential risks of these drugs in individuals by varying baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values, utilizing the concept of the number needed to treat (NNT).

Methods: We extensively searched electronic databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science, up to 6 August 2023. Baseline LDL-C values were stratified into four categories: < 100, 100-129, 130-159, and ≥ 160 mg/dL.

Correlations of Surface Free Energy and Solubility Parameters with Dielectric Constant, Refractive Index, and Density for Liquids.

There should be some intrinsic correlations between the surface free energy (γ) and solubility (δ) parameters, called characteristic parameters here, of substances with their fundamental physical properties such as the refractive index (), relative dielectric constant (ε), and density (ρ) because they are all related to intermolecular interactions. Understanding the correlations between characteristic parameters and fundamental physical quantities is of great fundamental and practical importance. In the current work, possible relationships between the characteristic parameters (γ and δ) and the physical quantities (, ε, and ρ) were explored by a trial-and-error fitting method based on the data of 92 liquids (including 14 nonpolar, 37 polar, and 41 hydrogen-bonded liquids).

LINC00330/CCL2 axis-mediated ESCC TAM reprogramming affects tumor progression.

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the progression, metastasis, and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ESCC has been established, yet the role of lncRNAs in TAM reprogramming during ESCC progression remains largely unexplored.

Methods: ESCC TAM-related lncRNAs were identified by intersecting differentially expressed lncRNAs with immune-related lncRNAs and performing immune cell infiltration analysis.

Impact of self-assembled structure on ionic conductivity of an azobenzene-containing electrolyte.

The type of self-assembled structure has a significant impact on the ionic conductivity of block copolymer or liquid crystalline (LC) ion conductors. In this study, we focus on the effect of self-assembled structures on the ionic conductivity of a non-block copolymer, LC ion conductor, which is a mixture of an azobenzene monomer (NbAzo), pentaerythritol tetre(3-mercapropionate) (PETMP), and a lithium salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI). The self-assembled structures and ionic conductivities of ion conductors having different doping ratios of lithium salt to monomer were examined.

Growth Process of Fe-O Nanoclusters with Different Sizes Biosynthesized by Protein Nanocages.

All protein-directed syntheses of metal nanoclusters (NCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention because protein scaffolds provide a unique metal coordination environment and can adjust the shape and morphology of NCs and NPs. However, the detailed formation mechanisms of NCs or NPs directed by protein templates remain unclear. In this study, by taking advantage of the ferritin nanocage as a biotemplate to monitor the growth of Fe-O NCs as a function of time, we synthesized a series of iron NCs with different sizes and shapes and subsequently solved their corresponding three-dimensional atomic-scale structures by X-ray protein crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy.

Ferroptosis-related lncRNA NRAV affects the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis.

Ferroptosis has important value in cancer treatment. It is significant to explore the new ferroptosis-related lncRNAs prediction model in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. We constructed a prognostic multi-lncRNA signature based on ferroptosis-related differentially expressed lncRNAs in HCC.