Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and devastating lung disorder. In response to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), normal lung cells proliferate and differentiate into myofibroblasts, which are instrumental in promoting disease progression. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) has been demonstrated to alleviate IPF by blocking collagen synthesis and secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial uncouplers dissipate proton gradients and deplete ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). While the growth of prostate cancer depends on OXPHOS-generated ATP, the oncogenic pathway mediated by the transcription factor E2F1 is crucial for the progression of this deadly disease. Here, we report that mitochondrial uncouplers, including tizoxanide (TIZ), the active metabolite of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anthelmintic nitazoxanide (NTZ), inhibit E2F1-mediated expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression, DNA synthesis, and lipid synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
The abrupt drop of resistance to zero at a critical temperature is a key signature of the current paradigm of the metal-superconductor transition. However, the emergence of an intermediate bosonic insulating state characterized by a resistance peak preceding the onset of the superconducting transition has challenged this traditional understanding. Notably, this phenomenon has been predominantly observed in disordered or chemically doped low-dimensional systems, raising intriguing questions about the generality of the effect and its underlying fundamental physics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper intends to solve the limitations of the existing methods to deal with the comments of tourist attractions. With the technical support of Artificial Intelligence (AI), an online comment method of tourist attractions based on text mining model and attention mechanism is proposed. In the process of text mining, the attention mechanism is used to calculate the contribution of each topic to text representation on the topic layer of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe flat-headed loach (Oreonectes platycephalus) is a small fish inhabiting headwaters of hillstreams of southern China. Its local populations are characterized by low genetic diversity and exceptionally high differentiation, making it an ideal model for studying small population isolates' persistence and adaptive potential. However, the lack of Oreonectes reference genomes limits endeavours toward these ambitions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe advent of spatial transcriptomics and spatial proteomics have enabled profound insights into tissue organization to provide systems-level understanding of diseases. Both technologies currently remain largely independent, and emerging same slide spatial multi-omics approaches are generally limited in plex, spatial resolution, and analytical approaches. We introduce IN-situ DEtailed Phenotyping To High-resolution transcriptomics (IN-DEPTH), a streamlined and resource-effective approach compatible with various spatial platforms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite significant advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to present a global health challenge, with a modest five-year survival rate of 28 %, largely due to the emergence of treatment-resistant and metastatic tumors. In response, we synthesized a novel bioactive compound, ethyl 6-chlorocoumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine (TClC), which significantly inhibited NSCLC growth, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion and tumor growth and metastasis without inducing toxicity. TClC disrupts autocrine loops that promote tumor progression, particularly in stem-like CD133-positive NSCLC (CD133+ LC) cells, which are pivotal in tumor metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen leader protein (EBNALP) is essential for the immortalization of naive B lymphocytes (NBLs). However, the mechanisms remain elusive. To understand EBNALP's role in B-cell transformation, we compare NBLs infected with wild-type EBV and an EBNALP-null mutant EBV using multi-omics techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) and Ultrasound (US) and its sub-classification system for distinguishing ovarian masses.
Methods: O-RADS US was used for the retrospective analysis of 606 ovarian masses of Chinese from two medical centers by two gynecologic sonographers with varying experience. The O-RADS 4 categories masses were further sub-classified into O-RADS 4a and O-RADS 4 b through three different approaches(O-RADS A1/A2/A3).
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
December 2024
Objectives: Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease caused by dental plaque, which can result in the immune microenvironment disorders and loss of periodontal support tissue. In order to promote the restoration of local microenvironment stability, a functional biomaterial Gelatin methacryloyl @MP196/exos based on characteristics of disease occurrence is designed.
Methods: Transmission electron microscopy, nanosight particle tracking analysis and western blot analysis were applied to prove the presence of exos in GelMA@MP196/exos.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the distribution patterns of PLA2G7 gene variants in Han Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and their relationships with serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels and lipid profiles.
Methods: A total of 93 han Chinese CHD patients were recruited. Serum Lp-PLA2 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while comprehensive analysis of PLA2G7 gene polymorphisms was conducted through whole-exome sequencing.
On account of the existence of antibiotic resistance, the wound healing of pathogenic infection is still a challenge in modern society. A desirable wound dressing should own the abilities of adhesiveness, hemostasis and good mechanical property, meanwhile the property of eliminating bacteria without side effects is also highly needed. In this work, we established a kind of hydrogel based on carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-tyramine (CMC-Ty) and MXene (TiCT) through employing HO/HRP (horseradish peroxidase) as the initiator, then the as-prepared hydrogel (named CMC-Ty/MXene) was immersed in tannic acid (TA) solution, and this TA-treated hydrogel was called CMC-Ty/MXene+TA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) are considered to be a synthetic lethal pair of targets, due to the fact that deletion of MTAP leads to massive production of methylthioadenosine (MTA) decreasing the activity of PRMT5. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that MRTX1719, a small molecule that selectively binds PRMT5/MTA complex, significantly inhibits the proliferation of MTAP-deficient tumors and has a weak toxic effect on normal cells. However, it has been reported that MTAP-deleted tumors did not significantly accumulate MTA in vivo due to metabolism of MTA by MTAP-expressing stroma, which might lead to a diminished anti-cancer effect of MRTX1719.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effectiveness of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN) has been demonstrated by a number of previous studies. However, there is a lack of research specifically documenting the initial and long-term outcomes of paroxysmal and persistent pain respectively following GKRS for TN with concomitant continuous pain (CCP). This study retrospectively analyzed pain outcomes and complications in 46 TN patients with CCP and 112 patients without CCP who underwent GKRS as initial surgical intervention at our institution from January 2019 to January 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn rehabilitation, physicians plan lower-limb exercises via linear guidance. Ensuring efficacy and safety, they design patient-specific paths, carefully plotting smooth trajectories to minimize jerks. Replicating their precision in robotics is a major challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping antibacterial and biodegradable cellulose acetate (CA) membrane materials is one of the main challenges in multiple application fields. CA membrane materials are widely used in gas purification, water purification, and biomedical fields due to their environmental friendliness, high chemical and mechanical stability, excellent processability, and low cost. However, antibacterial modification of CA membrane materials to enhance their utilization value in the application process has always been the direction of researchers' efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycyrrhetin urea has emerged as a privileged scaffold with anti-inflammatory activity for the treatment and prevention of acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, structural modifications of the A ring of glycyrrhetinic acid yielded a series of urea derivatives, among which compound exhibited the most promising anti-inflammatory activity. was confirmed to interact with STING through a cellular heat shift assay and to inhibit the STING/NF-κB pathway in RAW264.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndometrial cancer poses a significant threat to women's health. Doxorubicin is commonly used in chemotherapy for advanced and recurrent cases; however, low sensitivity frequently limits its effectiveness. In this study, we verified that SRC modulates the sensitivity of endometrial cancer to chemotherapy of doxorubicin and developed a targeted silencing drug delivery platform that employs rolling circle amplification and dual-multivalent aptamers to precisely deliver therapeutics directly to tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
NaVMn(PO) (NVMP) is a prospective cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost and extraordinary structural stability. However, poor conductivity restricts the electrochemical performance of NVMP, which limits its development and application. Herein, carbon-encapsulated NVMP porous nanorods are prepared via a convenient electrospinning method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present paper investigates the bubble collapse dynamics near hydrofoils within a confined space. Experiments involving high-speed photography reveal in detail the typical bubble morphological evolution near different hydrofoils between two glass plates (namely the confined space), and the partitioning of the thickness-related and camber-related parameters is analyzed quantitatively. Based on conformal transformation, the liquid velocity field and Kelvin impulse are used to analyze the bubble collapse characteristics qualitatively and quantitatively, including the bubble interface motion, cross-sectional roundness, and collapse jet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarine natural products and their analogues have as of now been acknowledged as an important source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of cancer. Rubrolides, a unique group of -butenolides derived from marine microorganisms, have shown strong cytotoxic activity against various tumor cells. In this study, we synthesized and characterized 21 rubrolide analogues (including 16 new compounds) and investigated their antitumor activities in order to screen more active molecules and elucidate their mechanism of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumoral immune escape is an obstacle to successful cancer therapy. Tryptophan catabolism mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) is an important mechanism of peripheral immune tolerance contributing to tumoral immune resistance, and IDO1 inhibition is an active area of drug development. Several classes of small molecule-based IDO1 inhibitors have already been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType 2 diabetes poses significant health issues worldwide; however, relatively few effective treatment strategies are currently available. This research seeks to explore the potential hypoglycemic impact of compounds derived from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by structurally characterizing a new type of heteropolysaccharide (CIE2-F) and evaluating its hypoglycemic effects in a murine model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique to activate or inhibit the activity of neurons, and thereby regulate their excitability. This technique has demonstrated potential in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression. However, the effect of TMS on neurons with different severity of depression is still unclear, limiting the development of efficient and personalized clinical application parameters.
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