Comparative Clinical Outcomes of Two Different Zygomatic Implant Protocols for the Rehabilitation of Severely Atrophic Maxillae: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to compare extended sinus lift and extramaxilla surgical protocols for restoring severely atrophic maxillae with zygomatic implants (ZIs) and evaluate their clinical effectiveness.

Materials And Methods: The study includes patients who were treated at a dental clinic in Italy from 2012 to 2022. These patients received fixed screw-retained complete dentures supported by either two or four zygomatic implants (ZIs).

Simultaneously Modified Onlay Soft Tissue Graft and Apically Positioned Flap for Implant Phenotype Modification: A Case Series.

Bone augmentation procedures often leads to coronal displacement of the mucogingival junction, a deficiency of keratinized mucosa, and a reduction in soft tissue height. These challenges complicate the achievement of an ideal peri-implant phenotype. It is known that addressing both the quantity and quality of soft tissue is crucial for the long-term success and aesthetics of implants.

Immature Tooth Autotransplantation with Buccal Bone Fenestration Treated with GBR and Immature Tooth Autotransplantation in Regenerated Bone: Proof of Principles with Medium- (55 Months) to Long-Term (252 Months) Follow-ups.

Background: Tooth autotransplantation is a reliable procedure with high long-term success and survival rates, showing many advantages over dental implants, particularly for young patients in craniofacial development. Nonetheless, insufficient bone availability at the recipient site is a key limitation. This study aims to establish the feasibility of tooth autotransplantation combined with staged or simultaneous bone regeneration to address complex cases.

Bone Regeneration Following Implantoplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Long-Term Radiographic Assessment.

Implantoplasty involves mechanically modifying the exposed implant surface by removing macro- and micro-structures and is typically considered a resective approach. The potential for bone regeneration with implantoplasty alone has not yet been studied. This research aimed to evaluate long-term changes in peri-implant bone levels without using regenerative materials.

Management of post-implant fibrous dysplasia in the maxilla: A case study.

Background: Fibrous dysplasia is generally rare, and even rarer in older adults. Special care is needed when altering the alveolar bone in these cases, especially if an implant is involved. This case study highlights such a scenario.

Peri-Implant Bone Necrosis: Clinical Considerations and Histological Evaluation.

Peri-implant bone necrosis (PIBN) is a rare yet potentially serious phenomenon contributing to implant failure. It can be challenging to determine the exact etiology, especially when multiple intricate factors are involved. This case series reports on the successful management of PIBN during early and late implant placement and peri-implantitis-associated bone necrosis, with likely causes being bone over-compression during implant placement or a consequence of periimplantitis.

Regeneration of Chronic Alveolar Vertical Defects Using a Micro Dosage of rhBMP-2. An Experimental In Vivo Study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the effect of the location of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) from the native bone and the periosteum for vertical alveolar bone augmentation.

Materials And Methods: Mandibular, chronic, standardized, bilateral, and vertical defects in 12 beagle dogs were evaluated using four modalities: a xenograft alone (XENO; n = 6); rhBMP-2 alone (BMP; n = 6); a technique with rhBMP-2 close to the host bone covered by xenograft (SAN; n = 6); and a technique with rhBMP-2 close to the flap on top of the xenograft (LAS; n = 6). After 8 weeks, a series of in vivo inspections, fluorescence microscopy, histologic and histomorphometric evaluations, and micro-CT analyses.

Submerged vertical bone augmentation of supraosseous peri-implant defects.

Case Presentation: Although most peri-implant lesions feature a combined defect configuration that involves both supra- and infraosseous components, regenerating the supraosseous part is considered the optimal approach, albeit a challenging one, and often requires vertical bone augmentation. This report provides a detailed description of submerged membrane techniques for vertical bone augmentation around supraosseous peri-implant defects. Cases involving different types of membrane (both resorbable and non-resorbable) with or without the use of bone graft are presented.

Autogenous platelet concentrates for treatment of intrabony defects-A systematic review with meta-analysis.

To provide an overview of the use of autogenous platelet concentrates (APCs) in periodontal regeneration and to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the treatment outcomes of periodontal intrabony defects by using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) compared with other commonly utilized modalities. The eligibility criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical outcomes of PRF with that of other modalities. Studies were classified into 21 categories and into five different groups as follows: Group I (1) open flap debridement (OFD) alone versus OFD/PRF, (2) OFD versus Titanium-PRF (T-PRF) Group II, (3) Comparative PRF protocols (PRF vs.

Autologous platelet concentrates in root coverage procedures.

Gingival recessions are vastly prevalent among the general population. With regards to their treatment, recent advancements in periodontal and microsurgical procedures, focusing on minimal invasiveness and patient-centered therapies, have propelled a shift in their contemporary treatment, highlighting the field of biologics and bioactive mediators. Among different classes and types of biologics, autologous platelet concentrates (APCs), also referred to as autologous blood-derived products, are commonly used and preferred among many clinicians.

Simple-Challenging-Difficult (SCD) Difficulty Classification for Vertical Bone Augmentation.

Objective: To propose a new difficulty classification for vertical bone augmentation (VBA) based on different defect morphologies.

Overview: VBA procedures for dental implant placement present significant biological and technical challenges. Among the various techniques, guided bone regeneration (GBR) provides an optimal balance between the anticipated bone gain and the likelihood of postoperative complications.

Ultrasonography-Guided Dental Implant Surgery: A Feasibility Study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of ultrasound-image-based computer-assisted implant planning and placement.

Materials And Methods: Intraoral scans, cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT), and ultrasound (US) scans with a custom positioning device were acquired in nine patients. Prosthetic-driven surgical guides were planned and fabricated based on ultrasound images and intraoral scans.

Clinical and radiographic changes following transcrestal sinus augmentation: A scoping review of the last 25 years.

Introduction: Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a surgical procedure intended to increase the volume of the bone vertically to accommodate dental implant placement. This intervention is frequently required for implant installation in the posterior maxilla, where the bone may be insufficient for securing implants of necessary length and stability. Sinus floor elevation can be completed either through a direct approach with a "window" through the lateral wall of the alveolar ridge or an indirect "transcrestal/transalveolar" sinus floor elevation (TSFE), which accesses the sinus floor through the crest of the edentulous ridge.

"Xenogeneic Bone Block in Lateral Ridge Augmentation: Where Are We Now?' A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of xenogeneic bone blocks (XBB) used for lateral ridge augmentation, specifically focusing on bone gain, graft survival, and implant survival.

Materials And Methods: Data search was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, and ClinicalTrial.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and prospective cohort studies up to March 1, 2024.

Bone augmentation using titanium mesh: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To review and compare the available literature on bone regeneration using titanium mesh and map the current evidence on bone gain outcomes and complications while comparing this scaffold with collagen membranes.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive electronic and manual search was performed to identify randomised and non-randomised prospective controlled clinical trials that involved the use of titanium mesh in at least one arm, with outcomes including complications and vertical and/or horizontal bone gain. The focused questions were defined as follows: What are the outcomes of using titanium mesh in ridge augmentation compared to other types of barrier membrane, and what is the complication rate (membrane exposure and infection) when titanium mesh is used in these procedures?

Results: A total of 22 articles were included in the qualitative analysis.

Regeneration of combined severe periodontal defects and vertical ridge defects using recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB: A case series.

Dental implants are a reliable treatment option for restoring missing teeth, but adequate bone quantity and quality are crucial for success. This case series presents four cases treated by different clinicians, all following very similar concepts for combined periodontal and vertical ridge augmentation using recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB. All cases involved a severe periodontal defect requiring either extraction of the adjacent tooth or periodontal regeneration.

Introduction and overview on autogenous Platelet concentrates.

This special issue on autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) provides clinicians with an overview on the current understanding of the use of these biomaterials for soft and hard-tissue regeneration. The included papers summarize scientific evidence and the clinical findings, presented in simple tables that outline potential benefits including Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). This approach enables clinicians to assess clinical relevance and researchers to identify significant gaps in the literature.

Effectiveness of using implant fixture as a ridge expander.

Objectives: Adequate bone thickness around dental implants is vital for their stability and to reduce resorption. This study evaluated the ability of implant fixtures to serve as ridge expanders by measuring width changes pre- and post-implantation.

Materials And Methods: Measurements including initial alveolar bone width, post-osteotomy width, post-expansion width, and buccal bone thickness were recorded for patients undergoing implant placement.

Dental Pathophysiology of Odontogenic Sinusitis: Oral Surgical Complications.

The article explores the understudied pathophysiology of odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) development as a result of oral surgical complications such as oroantral communication (OAC) or fistula (OAF), maxillary sinus bone grafting, and dental implantation. A temporary OAC presents most often after dental extraction, especially with posterior maxillary teeth, though can happen with any oral surgical intervention. Maxillary sinus augmentation can also cause ODS, and while the pathophysiology is incompletely understood, it may be related to OAC/OAF formation or bone graft infection.

Patient-reported outcome measures and health economics in regenerative periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Understanding patient responses to periodontal regeneration is crucial. This systematic review and meta-analysis addressed two key questions: (a) the impact of periodontal regeneration on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for intrabony and furcation involvement and (b) the cost-effectiveness of periodontal regeneration for treating periodontal defects. Twenty-four studies were included, with 20 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting patient-reported outcomes and five (three RCTs and two economic model-based studies) reporting cost-effectiveness outcomes.

Iliac crest vertical block grafts -placing outside or inside the bone contour: A cohort study.

Objective And Aim: Challenging defect configurations and dimensions arise from severe, localized vertical alveolar ridge defects caused by trauma or prior surgery. This study aims to analyze three-dimensional bone gain, assess marginal bone stability in such defect configurations, and evaluate the impact of grafting outside the bone contour on the overall outcome, with a focus on iliac crest block grafts as a valid treatment option.

Materials And Methods: The prospective cohort study evaluated patients who required vertical block grafting due to localized bone defects in the maxilla or mandible and who had received iliac grafts.

Impact of smoking on cost-effectiveness of 10-48 years of periodontal care.

The study aims were (1) to explore whether "periodontal treatment" consisting of surgical therapy (flap, resective, or regenerative) or scaling and root planing treatment with long-term periodontal maintenance treatment, is cost-effective in terms of preventing periodontitis-attributable tooth extraction and replacement by implant-supported crowns ("extraction/replacement"); (2) to assess the effect of cigarette smoking on this cost-effectiveness. Data for this observational retrospective study were collected from dental charts of patients who had received periodontal therapy and at least annual follow-up visits for >10 years were analyzed by linear regression generalized estimating equations and generalized linear models. Among 399 adults (199 males, 200 females), those with the least mean annual treatment cost experienced the greatest mean annual costs for extraction/replacement, indicating general cost-effectiveness.

Residual vertical defects: risk of disease progression, retreatment rates, and cost: a retrospective analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between Radiographic Residual Vertical Defects (RVDs) and the progression of periodontitis in patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT).

Materials And Methods: Teeth with RVDs were compared to the same contralateral teeth in the same patient. The study investigated the effect of smoking, diabetes, compliance, disease Stage, and Grade, baseline probing depth (PD), periodontal risk score (PRS), baseline pocket closure (PC) (≤ 4 mm), and tooth mobility on disease progression.

Performance of three artificial intelligence (AI)-based large language models in standardized testing; implications for AI-assisted dental education.

Introduction: The emerging rise in novel computer technologies and automated data analytics has the potential to change the course of dental education. In line with our long-term goal of harnessing the power of AI to augment didactic teaching, the objective of this study was to quantify and compare the accuracy of responses provided by ChatGPT (GPT-4 and GPT-3.5) and Google Gemini, the three primary large language models (LLMs), to human graduate students (control group) to the annual in-service examination questions posed by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP).