Targeting YBX1-m5C mediates RNF115 mRNA circularisation and translation to enhance vulnerability of ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) plays an important role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Dysregulation of ferroptosis is closely associated with HCC. However, the effect of the epigenetic mRNA m5C modification on ferroptosis in HCC remains unclear.

Melatonin alleviates ferroptosis triggered by cadmium via regulating ferritinophagy and iron metabolism in spermatogonia.

Melatonin (Mel), a classical antioxidant, has the potential to mediate ferroptosis. Cadmium (Cd) poses a substantial threat to the male reproductive system, as it can induce testicular injury by triggering ferroptosis. The study aimed to explore the protective role and mechanism of Mel in Cd-induced ferroptosis in spermatogonia (spg).

Catalytic Atroposelective Electrophilic Amination to Access Axially Chiral Diaryl Phenols.

An enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral diaryl phenols containing sulfonamide groups has been achieved involving an electrophilic amination of 1,1'-biaryl-2,6-diols with N-sulfonyl quinone diimines, catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid. This atroposelective reaction offers a modular approach to enantiopure diaryl phenols, with good to excellent yields.

Clinicopathological and molecular features of HR /HER2 breast cancer patients with distinct endocrine resistance patterns.

Objective: Recurrence continues to be a pivotal challenge among hormone receptor-positive (HR)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2) breast cancers. In the international consensus guidelines, HR/HER2 breast cancer relapse patterns are divided into three distinct types: primary resistant, secondary resistant, and endocrine sensitive. However, owing to the lack of cohorts with treatment and follow-up data, the heterogeneity among different recurrence patterns remains uncharted.

Calcium phosphate-based anti-infective bone cements: recent trends and future perspectives.

Bone infection remains a challenging condition to fully eradicate due to its intricate nature. Traditional treatment strategies, involving long-term and high-dose systemic antibiotic administration, often encounter difficulties in achieving therapeutic drug concentrations locally and may lead to antibiotic resistance. Bone cement, serving as a local drug delivery matrix, has emerged as an effective anti-infective approach validated in clinical settings.

Sodium Iodate-Induced Ferroptosis in Photoreceptor-Derived 661W Cells Through the Depletion of GSH.

Oxidative stress-induced photoreceptor cell death is closely associated with the etiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and sodium iodate (SI) has been widely used as an oxidant stimulus in AMD models to induce retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor cell death. However, the mechanism underlying SI-induced photoreceptor cell death remains controversial and unclear. In this study, we elucidate that ferroptosis is a critical form of cell death induced by SI in photoreceptor-derived 661W cells.

Enhanced Piezoelectric Performance of Highly-Aligned ZnO Nanorods Embedded in P(VDF-TrFE) Nanofiber Membranes.

Flexible and wearable electronics often rely on piezoelectric materials, and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) membranes are popular for this application. However, their electromechanical performance is limited due to a relatively low piezoelectric coefficient. To address this, this study investigates the incorporation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) into a P(VDF-TrFE) nanofiber membrane matrix.

Fecal microbiota transplantation mitigates postdieting weight regain in mice by modulating the gut-liver axis.

Background: Dysbiosis of the microbiome is strongly associated with weight rebound after dieting. However, the interactions between the host and microbiome and their relevance to the pathogenesis of post-diet weight rebound remain unclear.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on post-diet weight regain and to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which FMT inhibits weight regain.

Cystatin C is associated with osteoporosis and fractures: An observational study based on Mendelian randomization analysis.

Objectives: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and damaged bone microstructure, often leading to fragility fractures. Low bone mineral density is a key risk factor for fractures. Serum cystatin C (CysC), an endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate, is negatively correlated with bone mineral density and may be a potential risk factor for osteoporosis.

Gap-free genome assemblies of two Pyrus bretschneideri cultivars and GWAS analyses identify a CCCH zinc finger protein as a key regulator of stone cell formation in pear fruit.

The Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) is an economically significant fruit crop worldwide. Previous versions of the P. bretschneideri genome assembly contain numerous gaps and unanchored genetic regions.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.

Neuroinflammation triggered by microglia activation is hallmark of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and this process includes crucial metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which may cause neuron loss and functional impairment. The inhibitory immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on immune cells is an important target for tumor immunotherapy. However, the immunomodulatory effects of PD-1 in ASD remains to be elusive.

Perceptual adaptation to dysarthric speech is modulated by concurrent phonological processing: A dual task study.

Listeners can adapt to noise-vocoded speech under divided attention using a dual task design [Wang, Chen, Yan, McGettigan, Rosen, and Adank, Trends Hear. 27, 23312165231192297 (2023)]. Adaptation to noise-vocoded speech, an artificial degradation, was largely unaffected for domain-general (visuomotor) and domain-specific (semantic or phonological) dual tasks.

Nicking enzyme assisted amplification combined with CRISPR-Cas12a system for one-pot sensitive detection of APE1.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a critical enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, essential for preserving cellular equilibrium. Variations in APE1 activity within blood or tissues can provide significant insights for clinical cancer screening and disease diagnosis. Consequently, the detection of APE1 activity is critical for clinical diagnostics.

A novel 3D lightweight model for COVID-19 lung CT Lesion Segmentation.

3D-based medical image segmentation, offering enhanced spatial information compared to 2D slice-based methods, encounters challenges arising from factors such as a restricted clinical sample size, imbalanced foreground-background pixel distribution, and suboptimal generalization performance. To address these challenges, we propose a lightweight segmentation model tailored to 3D medical images. Employing the K-means algorithm, our approach efficiently extracts the Region of Interest (ROI) from medical images, facilitating lung area segmentation while minimizing interference from background pixels.

Bioinspired Cu/Zn-ZIF nanozyme with excellent laccase-like activity for selective colorimetric detection of phenolic pollutants.

The ingenious design of active sites in mimetic enzymes is crucial for developing enzyme-like functional materials with high activity and selectivity. Inspired by the N-ligand-rich copper centers of natural laccase, a novel laccase-like nanozyme was developed by loading copper ions into zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (Cu/Zn-ZIF). Benefiting from the precise mimicry of the catalytic center and the high dispersion of catalytic sites which were supported by the MOF backbone, Cu/Zn-ZIF manifested superior laccase-like activity.

Validation of the Nociception Level Index for the Detection of Nociception and Pain in Critically Ill Adults: Protocol for an Observational Study.

Background: In the intensive care unit (ICU), many patients are unable to communicate their pain through self-reporting or behaviors due to their critical care condition, mechanical ventilation, and medication (eg, heavily sedated or chemically paralyzed). Therefore, alternative pain assessment methods are urgently needed for this vulnerable patient population. The Nociception Level (NOL) index is a multiparameter technology initially developed for the monitoring of nociception and related pain in anesthetized patients, and its use in the ICU is new.

The circadian clock orchestrates spermatogonial differentiation and fertilization by regulating retinoic acid signaling in vertebrates.

The circadian clock generates and maintains ∼24-hour oscillations in almost all organs. The testis, however, remains mysterious, without a clear understanding of its circadian functions. Our time-series transcriptome analysis reveals more than 1000 rhythmically expressed genes in the zebrafish and mouse testes, respectively.

Impact of indigenous vs. cultivated microalgae strains on biomass accumulation, microbial community composition, and nutrient removal in algae-based dairy wastewater treatment.

This study investigated the role of indigenous and cultivated microalgae in nutrient removal and biomass production in dairy wastewater, especially in microbial function change. Five indigenous and three cultured microalgal strains were grown in sterile and non-sterile dairy wastewater, and nutrient removal and biomass profiles were analysed. Results showed higher phosphorus removal (90.

Measuring family engagement in intensive care: Validation of the FAME tool.

Introduction: Engaging family members in patient care in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a recommended practice by critical care societies. However, there are currently no validated tools to measure family engagement in the ICU setting. The objective of this study was to validate the FAMily Engagement (FAME) tool in the ICU.

Structural basis of DNA replication fidelity of the Mpox virus.

The Mpox virus (MPXV) is an orthopoxvirus that caused a global outbreak in 2022. The poxvirus DNA polymerase complex is responsible for the replication and integrity of the viral genome; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA replication fidelity are still unclear. In this study, we determined the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the MPXV F8-A22-E4 polymerase holoenzyme in its editing state, in complex with mismatched primer-template DNA and DNA containing uracil deoxynucleotide.