What Is Hidden Behind Schiff Base Hydrolysis? Dynamic Covalent Chemistry for the Precise Capture of Sialylated Glycans.

The aberrant expression of sialylated glycans (SGs) is closely associated with the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of various cancers, and sialylated glycoproteins have been widely used as clinical biomarkers for cancers. However, the identification and comprehensive analysis of SGs are exceptionally complex, which urgently need an innovative and effective method of capturing SGs from biosamples prior to MS analysis. Here, we report that a novel dynamic covalent chemistry strategy based on Schiff base hydrolysis can be applied to the precise capture of SGs.

High-Efficiency Phosphopeptide and Glycopeptide Simultaneous Enrichment by Hydrogen Bond-based Bifunctional Smart Polymer.

Aberrant protein phosphorylation and glycosylation are closely associated with a number of diseases. In particular, an interplay between phosphorylation and glycosylation regulates the hyperphosphorylation of protein tau, which is regarded as one of the pathologic features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, simultaneous characterization of these two types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the complex biological samples is challenging.

Whole Genome Characterization and Genetic Evolution Analysis of a New Ostrich Parvovirus.

Ostrich diseases characterized by paralysis have been breaking out in broad areas of China since 2015, causing major damage to the ostrich breeding industry in China. This report describes a parvovirus detected in ostriches from four different regions. The entire genomes of four parvovirus strains were sequenced following amplification by PCR, and we conducted comprehensive analysis of the ostrich parvovirus genome.

Programmed cell death 4 as an endogenous suppressor of BDNF translation is involved in stress-induced depression.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a growth factor that plays vital roles in the neuron survival, growth, and neuroplasticity. Alteration to BDNF expression is associated with major depressive disorder. However, the BDNF translational machinery in depression remains unknown.

Swinhopeptolides A and B: Cyclic Depsipeptides from the Sponge That Inhibit Ras/Raf Interaction.

Two new cyclic depsipeptides named swinhopeptolides A () and B () have been isolated from the marine sponge cf. , collected from Papua New Guinea. They each contain 11 diverse amino acid residues and 13-carbon polyketide moieties attached at the -terminus.

CO Capture With Absorbents of Tertiary Amine Functionalized Nano-SiO.

To improve CO adsorption performance of nanoparticle absorbents, a novel tertiary amine functionalized nano-SiO (NS-NR) was synthesized based on the 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH540) modified nano-SiO (NS-NH) via methylation. The chemical structure and performances of the NS-NR were characterized through a series of experiments, which revealed that NS-NR can react with CO in water and nanofluid with low viscosity revealed better CO capture. The CO capture mechanism of NS-NR was studied by kinetic models.

Defect Engineering for Fuel-Cell Electrocatalysts.

The commercialization of fuel cells, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol/formic acid fuel cells, is hampered by their poor stability, high cost, fuel crossover, and the sluggish kinetics of platinum (Pt) and Pt-based electrocatalysts for both the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) or small molecule oxidation reaction (SMOR). Thus far, the exploitation of active and stable electrocatalysts has been the most promising strategy to improve the performance of fuel cells. Accordingly, increasing attention is being devoted to modulating the surface/interface electronic structure of electrocatalysts and optimizing the adsorption energy of intermediate species by defect engineering to enhance their catalytic performance.

Comparative Studies on Polysaccharides, Triterpenoids, and Essential Oil from Fermented Mycelia and Cultivated Sclerotium of a Medicinal and Edible Mushroom, .

, an important medicinal and edible fungus, is well known in East Asia. The main active components are water-soluble polysaccharides (WPS) and triterpenoids. Due to the growing market demand, long cultivation period, and consumption of pine trunk during cultivation, alternative methods for producing or its active components should be investigated.

The role of sampling in wearable sweat sensors.

Wearable sweat sensors demonstrate outstanding performance in non-invasive, real-time monitoring of vital biomarkers in sweat, which offer an opportunity for individuals to achieve dynamic monitoring their own physiology in molecular-level. As a key step in sweat analysis that impact the accuracy of results, frequently-used sweat sampling methods are introduced in this review, and the emphasis is sweat sampling in wearable sensors including absorbent materials, superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surface, sweat guidance and epidermal microfluidic systems. In the end, we also propose the remaining challenges in the practical, large-scale application of wearable sweat sensors and provide personal prospects on the future development.

cAMP sensitive nanochannels driven by conformational transition of a tripeptide-based smart polymer.

Inspired by biological nanochannels, a novel cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-regulated artificial nanochannel based on a tripeptide Arg-Thr-Ala (RTA) design is developed. Highly specific binding between the tripeptide and cAMP triggers an obvious conformational transition of a smart polymer chain from a contracted state to a swollen one, which leads to a dynamic modulation of the gating behaviours of the nanochannels.

Integrating Suitable Linkage of Covalent Organic Frameworks into Covalently Bridged Inorganic/Organic Hybrids toward Efficient Photocatalysis.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are excellent platforms with tailored functionalities in photocatalysis. There are still challenges in increasing the photochemical performance of COFs. Therefore, we designed and prepared a series of COFs for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.

Color-tunable ultralong organic room temperature phosphorescence from a multicomponent copolymer.

Functional materials displaying tunable emission and long-lived luminescence have recently emerged as a powerful tool for applications in information encryption, organic electronics and bioelectronics. Herein, we present a design strategy to achieve color-tunable ultralong organic room temperature phosphorescence (UOP) in polymers through radical multicomponent cross-linked copolymerization. Our experiments reveal that by changing the excitation wavelength from 254 to 370 nm, these polymers display multicolor luminescence spanning from blue to yellow with a long-lived lifetime of 1.

The analgesic potential of glycosides derived from medicinal plants.

Pain represents an unpleasant sensation linked to actual or potential tissue damage. In the early phase, the sensation of pain is caused due to direct stimulation of the sensory nerve fibers. On the other hand, the pain in the late phase is attributed to inflammatory mediators.

Analytical artifacts in characterization of recombinant monoclonal antibody therapeutics.

A battery of analytical methods is used to analyze recombinant monoclonal antibodies for lot release to ensure consistent product quality, safety, and efficacy. Additionally, state-of-the-art analytical methods have been used to thoroughly characterize various post-translational modifications and degradation pathways of those molecules. Scientifically sound and robust analytical methods are essential to providing reliable results for defining control strategy, including setting phase-appropriate specifications.

Engineered Cell-Derived Microparticles BiSe/DOX@MPs for Imaging Guided Synergistic Photothermal/Low-Dose Chemotherapy of Cancer.

Cell-derived microparticles, which are recognized as nanosized phospholipid bilayer membrane vesicles, have exhibited great potential to serve as drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. However, for the purpose of comprehensive therapy, microparticles decorated with multiple therapeutic components are needed, but effective engineering strategies are limited and still remain enormous challenges. Herein, BiSe nanodots and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) co-embedded tumor cell-derived microparticles (BiSe/DOX@MPs) are successfully constructed through ultraviolet light irradiation-induced budding of parent cells which are preloaded with BiSe nanodots and DOX via electroporation.

Quantitative Evaluation of Articular Involvement of Posterior Malleolus Associated with Operative Indication: A Comparative Study of Six Methods Based on Radiography and CT.

The aim of this study was to compare the values of six methods in measuring the involvement of posterior malleolus and to demonstrate the reliability and reproducibility of each method. Three independent orthopaedic surgeons, retrospectively, measured 106 cases. The difference between the six methods was analyzed using Bonferroni-corrected paired -tests after one-way ANOVA.

Roles of Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Disease: A New Paradigm for Drug Discovery.

Epidemiological results revealed that there is an inverse correlation between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Mounting evidence supports that HDLs are atheroprotective, therefore, many therapeutic approaches have been developed to increase HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Nevertheless, HDL-raising therapies, such as cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors, failed to ameliorate cardiovascular outcomes in clinical trials, thereby casting doubt on the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by increasing HDL-C levels.

Self-assembled single-atom nanozyme for enhanced photodynamic therapy treatment of tumor.

Hypoxia of solid tumor compromises the therapeutic outcome of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that relies on localized O molecules to produce highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen (O) species. Herein, we present a safe and versatile self-assembled PDT nanoagent, i.e.

Computer-assisted preoperative planning improves the learning curve of PFNA-II in the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures.

Background: Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are prevalent among the elderly, and usually demands surgical treatments. Proximal femoral nail antirotation Asian version (PFNA-II) is widely used for intertrochanteric fracture treatment. The computer-assisted preoperative planning (CAPP) system has the potential to reduce the difficulty of PFNA-II in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.

Synchronous core-needle biopsy and microwave ablation for highly suspicious malignant pulmonary nodule via a coaxial cannula.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of computed tomography (CT)-guided synchronous percutaneous core-needle biopsy and microwave ablation (MWA) for highly suspicious malignant pulmonary nodules.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated medical records of 54 consecutive patients (mean age, 65.5 ± 11.

SR-BI as a target of natural products and its significance in cancer.

Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) protein is an integral membrane glycoprotein. SR-BI is emerging as a multifunctional protein, which regulates autophagy, efferocytosis, cell survival and inflammation. It is well known that SR-BI plays a critical role in lipoprotein metabolism by mediating cholesteryl esters selective uptake and the bi-directional flux of free cholesterol.

Defect Engineering on Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries.

The reasonable design of electrode materials for rechargeable batteries plays an important role in promoting the development of renewable energy technology. With the in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying electrode reactions and the rapid development of advanced technology, the performance of batteries has significantly been optimized through the introduction of defect engineering on electrode materials. A large number of coordination unsaturated sites can be exposed by defect construction in electrode materials, which play a crucial role in electrochemical reactions.

PDTC Alleviates Depressive Symptoms and Colon Tissue Injury via Inhibiting NO Overproduction in CUMS Rats.

Background: The accumulated evidence demonstrates that stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression that is associated with intestinal dysfunctions. However, the mechanisms remain unresolved.

Methods: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were obtained and randomly divided into four equal-sized group: control, PDTC + chronic and unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), FLX + CUMS, and CUMS.

Anillin regulates breast cancer cell migration, growth, and metastasis by non-canonical mechanisms involving control of cell stemness and differentiation.

Background: Breast cancer metastasis is driven by a profound remodeling of the cytoskeleton that enables efficient cell migration and invasion. Anillin is a unique scaffolding protein regulating major cytoskeletal structures, such as actin filaments, microtubules, and septin polymers. It is markedly overexpressed in breast cancer, and high anillin expression is associated with poor prognosis.

Inequity in inpatient services utilization: a longitudinal comparative analysis of middle-aged and elderly patients with the chronic non-communicable diseases in China.

Background: Aging and the chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) challenge the Chinese government in the process of providing hospitalization services fairly and reasonably. The Chinese government has developed the basic medical insurance system to solve the problem of "expensive medical cost and difficult medical services" for vulnerable groups and alleviate the unfair phenomenon. However, few studies have confirmed its effect through longitudinal comparison.