Analysis of Clinical Characteristics in 1940 Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Background: The clinical characteristics of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) according to mortality risk has been partly explored. Further research is required in light of the latest guide update on risk stratification for APE.

Methods: We collected the data from hospitalised patients with APE.

Family members' experiences of surrogate decision-making in hospice care: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Background: Surrogate decision-makers play a key role in determining whether end-of-life patients receive hospice care. There is a need to better understand families' experiences of surrogate decision-making in hospice care for end-of-life patients to provide a basis for developing targeted interventions, such as decision support tools or counseling, to help family members navigate the decision-making process.

Aim: The aim was to analyze and synthesize global qualitative data on family members' experiences of surrogate decision-making regarding whether to receive hospice care for end-of-life patients.

Abscisic Acid and Ethylene Antagonistically Regulate Root Endodermal Suberization to Mitigate Nonuniform Salt Stress in Cotton.

The heterogeneity of soil salinity is a critical attribute of saline agricultural environments, particularly for the physiological adaptability of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants. However, the mechanisms by which cotton plants acclimate to heterogenous salinity remain poorly understood.

Penilumamide, a novel SIRT1 activator, protects UVB-induced photodamages in HaCaT cells.

Ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation is a major physical factor that induces structural changes in human skin. The aim of this study was to determine whether the novel silent information regulator 1 (sirtuin 1 SIRT1) protein activator, penilumamide, exerted any protective effects against UVB-induced skin damage using human HaCaT keratinocytes as a model. Enzymatic assays were performed to determine the SIRT1-activating ability of penilumamide, which was compared with that of resveratrol, a potent natural product SIRT1 activator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

ALKBH5 promotes cardiac fibroblasts pyroptosis after myocardial infarction through Notch1/NLRP3 pathway.

Through bioinformatics screening, we previously found that AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) expression, an mA demethylase, was higher in patients with heart failure than in the normal population. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which ALKBH5 regulates heart failure. We established a myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure model in rats in vivo and an in vitro hypoxia model using rat primary cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs).

Combination of spatial transcriptomics analysis and retrospective study reveals liver infection of SARS-COV-2 is associated with clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Background: Liver involvement is a common complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in hospitalized patients. However, the underlying mechanisms involved are not fully understood.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins was conducted on liver tissues from six patients with COVID-19.

Developing a Ni-grafted magnetic nanoparticle for direct CotA capture in rapid detoxification of aflatoxin B1.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure often causes serious food safety problems and illnesses in humans and animals, even at extremely low content. Therefore, effective degradation of AFB1 is vitally significant. Biodegradation by enzymes is an effective method to eliminate hazardous toxins, but the degradation efficiency and cost of the enzyme limit its wide application.

Two-dimensional Nanosheets by Liquid Metal Exfoliation.

Liquid exfoliation is a scalable and effective method for synthesizing 2D nanosheets (NSs) but often induces contamination and defects. Here, liquid metal gallium (Ga) is used to exfoliate bulk layered materials into 2D NSs at near room temperature, utilizing the liquid surface tension and Ga intercalation to disrupt Van der Waals (vdW) forces. In addition, the process can transform the 2H-phase of transition metal dichalcogenides into the 1T'-phase under ambient conditions.

Polyethylene glycol loxenatide protects diabetic kidneys by inhibiting GRP78/PERK/eIF2α pathway, and improves cardiac injury by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway.

Background: Cardiovascular and renal complications of type 2 diabetes are the main causes of death in diabetic patients. Clinical studies have found that polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe), a GLP-1 analog widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, boosts renal and cardiac functions in diabetic patients. However, its mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.

Revealing nitrate sources seasonal difference between groundwater and surface water in China's largest fresh water lake (Poyang Lake): Insights from sources proportion, dynamic evolution and driving forces.

Tracing the source of nitrate is the key path to solve the problem of nitrogen pollution. However, the seasonal difference of nitrate sources in groundwater and surface water and its dynamic evolution process and mechanism in large fresh water lake area are still not clear. In this study, 126 water samples were collected from groundwater and surface water in China's largest fresh water lake (Poyang Lake) region from 2022 to 2023.

A heterobimetallic MOF as a stable heterogeneous catalyst with high activity for ethylene oligomerization.

Herein, the performance of heterobimetallic clusters MOF-1213(Dy/Ni) for ethylene oligomerization reactions was investigated. At 30 °C and 40 bar, its average ethylene turnover frequency is approximately 160 000 h (α-olefins selectivity above 80%), which was higher than the activity previously reported for most heterogeneous catalysts under similar conditions.

Tumor Biomechanics-Inspired Future Medicine.

Malignant tumors pose a significant global health challenge, severely threatening human health. Statistics from the World Health Organization indicate that, in 2022, there were nearly 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths.

Application of subcutaneous extracellular matrix to prepare bilayer heparin-coated polycaprolactone/decellularized small-diameter vascular graft for tissue regeneration.

In clinical practice, the demand for functional small-diameter vascular grafts continues to increase. In this study, a decellularized aorta artery was inserted into a poly(caprolactone) (PCL) vascular scaffold for self-assembly in-vitro to create a hybrid scaffold. The hybrid scaffold was then implanted subcutaneously into the dorsal flanks and the subcutaneous extracellular matrix was applied for bilayer adhesion.

In vivo kinematic changes of the medial longitudinal arch during barefoot and high-heeled shoes walking.

Background: The medial longitudinal arch (MLA) is crucial for maintaining balance and center of gravity stability during human walking. High-heeled shoes (HHS) will affect the kinematics of the MLA which further affects the overall function of the foot. However specific motion effects of HHS on MLA during walking remain unclear.

Novel models based on machine learning to predict the prognosis of metaplastic breast cancer.

Background: Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare and highly aggressive histological subtype of breast cancer. There remains a significant lack of precise predictive models available for use in clinical practice.

Methods: This study utilized patient data from the SEER database (2010-2018) for data analysis.

Research on the Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions of CeMnGe Alloy.

Magnetic phase transitions play crucial roles in various material applications, including sensors, actuators, information storage, magnetic refrigeration, and so on. Typically, these magnetic phase transitions exhibit discontinuous first-order phase transitions. When a material undergoes a magnetic phase transition, it often exhibits simultaneous changes in both its crystal and electronic structures.

Amelioration of different acidic soils in China using seafood shell biochars.

Soil acidification limits crop and pasture production and leads to the degradation of agroecosystems. A substantial volume of seafood shells are discarded each year, which creates enormous environmental and social pressures. In this study, the anaerobic pyrolysis characteristics of four types of seafood shells (clam, scallop, oyster, and mussel) were evaluated.

Causal relationship between physical activity and scoliosis: A Mendelian randomization study.

Scoliosis, marked by abnormal spinal curvature, is common in adolescents and can lead to chronic pain and reduced quality of life. The relationship between physical activity and scoliosis is debated. In this study, we aim to investigate the causal relationship between physical activity levels and idiopathic scoliosis risk using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Redesigning error control in cross-linking mass spectrometry enables more robust and sensitive protein-protein interaction studies.

Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) allows characterizing protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in native biological systems by capturing cross-links between different proteins (inter-links). However, inter-link identification remains challenging, requiring dedicated data filtering schemes and thorough error control. Here, we benchmark existing data filtering schemes combined with error rate estimation strategies utilizing concatenated target-decoy protein sequence databases.

Polyethylene glycol loxenatide modulates lipid metabolism and insulin resistance through lncRNA steroid receptor RNA activator/cellular nucleic acid binding protein/Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 2 axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) is applied in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of PEG-Loxe on lipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus are not fully understood.

Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus rats developed by high-fat diet/streptozotocin injection were treated with PEG-Loxe (0.

Impaired cardiomyocytes accelerate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by delivering exosomes containing Shh/N-Shh/Gli1 in angiotensin II infused mice.

Backgrounds: Heart failure (HF) is characterized by progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, yet the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Exosomes are pivotal in cellular communication and are key signaling carriers in HFs. This study investigated the roles of exosomes in HF.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method for active capture of targets by interlayer small-gap hot spot structures.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has been widely used in the field of analytical detection owing to its high sensitivity and fingerprint-recognition ability. However, SERS faces challenges in practical applications related to the precise control of the location of hot spots and molecules entering the hot spot regions. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used to construct a novel AgNP/AgNP structure by assembling two layers of AgNP thin films using a liquid-liquid interface self-assembly method to obtain a large number of interlayer nanogap structures.