Polydatin, a derivative of resveratrol, ameliorates busulfan-induced oligozoospermia in mice by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation and suppressing ferroptosis.

Polydatin (PD), a glucoside derivative of resveratrol (RES), is extracted as a monomer compound from the dried rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum. Our laboratory synthesized PD via the biotransformation of resveratrol. To assess the reproductive protective effects of PD, an oligozoospermia mouse model was induced by administering 30 mg/kg busulfan (BUS) via intraperitoneal injection.

Isatin improves oligoasthenospermia caused by busulfan by regulating GSH/GPX4 axis to inhibit ferroptosis.

Introduction: Ferroptosis, induced by iron overload and an imbalance in redox homeostasis, promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to iron-dependent lipid peroxides (LPO) and oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation induced by reactive oxygen species is essential for the progression of spermatogenesis. However, its imbalance can lead to reproductive system damage and oligoasthenospermia, a critical cause of oligoasthenospermia.

QRFP and GPR103 in the paraventricular nucleus play a role in chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptomatology by enhancing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during chronic stress is essential for depression neurobiology. As the latest member of the RFamide peptide family in mammals, pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide (QRFP) is closely implicated in neuroendocrine maintenance by activating G-protein-coupled receptor 103 (GPR103). We hypothesized that QRFP and GPR103 might contribute to chronic stress-induced depression by promoting corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) release from neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and various methods were employed in this study, with male C57BL/6J mice adopted as the experimental subjects.

Single‑cell RNA sequencing analysis of human embryos from the late Carnegie to fetal development.

Background: The cell development atlas of transition stage from late Carnegie to fetal development (7-9 weeks) remain unclear. It can be seen that the early period of human embryos (7-9 weeks) is a critical research gap. Therefore, we employed single‑cell RNA sequencing to identify cell types and elucidate differentiation relationships.

Hypoxia-induced TRPM7 promotes glycolytic metabolism and progression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hypoxia disrupts glucose metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 7 (TRPM7) plays an ontogenetic role. Thus, we aimed to explore the regulation of TRPM7 by hypoxia-induced factor (HIF) and its underlying mechanisms in HCC.

5- methylcytidine effectively improves spermatogenesis recovery in busulfan-induced oligoasthenospermia mice.

The function and regulatory mechanisms of 5-methylcytidine (mC) in oligoasthenospermia remain unclear. In this study, we made a mouse model of oligoasthenospermia through the administration of busulfan (BUS). For the first time, we demonstrated that mC levels decreased in oligoasthenospermia.

Ursonic acid attenuates spermatogenesis in oligozoospermia mice through inhibiting ferroptosis.

Ursonic acid (UNA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpene found in some medicinal plants and foods. The reproductive protective effect of UNA was evaluated in a mouse model of oligozoospermia induced by busulfan (BUS) at 30 mg/kg b.w.

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the temporomandibular joint condyle in 3 and 4-month-old human embryos.

Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex joint consisting of the condyle, the temporal articular surface, and the articular disc. Functions such as mastication, swallowing and articulation are accomplished by the movements of the TMJ. To date, the TMJ has been studied more extensively, but the types of TMJ cells, their differentiation, and their interrelationship during growth and development are still unclear and the study of the TMJ is limited.

Neuroprotective Strategies for Stroke by Natural Products: Advances and Perspectives.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a disease with high prevalence and incidence. Its management focuses on rapid reperfusion with intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. Both therapeutic strategies reduce disability, but the therapy time window is short, and the risk of bleeding is high.

Classifying Heart-Sound Signals Based on CNN Trained on MelSpectrum and Log-MelSpectrum Features.

The intelligent classification of heart-sound signals can assist clinicians in the rapid diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MelSpectrums) and log Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (Log-MelSpectrums) based on a short-time Fourier transform (STFT) can represent the temporal and spectral structures of original heart-sound signals. Recently, various systems based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained on the MelSpectrum and Log-MelSpectrum of segmental heart-sound frames that outperform systems using handcrafted features have been presented and classified heart-sound signals accurately.

Activation of mTORC1 Signaling Cascade in Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Required for Antidepressant Actions of Vortioxetine in Mice.

Background: Although thought of as a multimodal-acting antidepressant targeting the serotonin system, more molecules are being shown to participate in the antidepressant mechanism of vortioxetine. A previous report has shown that vortioxetine administration enhanced the expression of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in neurons. It has been well demonstrated that mTORC1 participates in not only the pathogenesis of depression but also the pharmacological mechanisms of many antidepressants.

HO as the Hydrogen Donor: Stereo-Selective Synthesis of - and -Alkenes by Palladium-Catalyzed Semihydrogenation of Alkynes.

It is very desirable to develop a facile controllable method for selective semihydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes with a cheap and safe hydrogen donor but remains a big challenge. HO is one of the best choices of the transfer hydrogenation agent of the world, and the development of methods for synthesizing - and -alkenes using HO as the hydrogen source is worthwhile. In this article, a palladium-catalyzed synthesis of - and -alkenes from alkynes using HO as the hydrogenation agent was reported.

The salt-inducible kinases inhibitor HG-9-91-01 exhibits antidepressant-like actions in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Major depressive disorder is a frequently occurring neuropsychiatric disorder throughout the world. However, the limited and delayed therapeutic efficacy of monoaminergic medications has led to intensive research efforts to develop novel antidepressants. We have previously demonstrated that hippocampal salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) plays a role in the pathogenesis of depression via regulating the downstream CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway.

Salt-inducible kinase 1-CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 signalling in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus plays a role in depression by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during chronic stress is critical for understanding depression and treating depression. The secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is controlled by salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) and CREB-regulated transcription co-activators (CRTCs). We hypothesised that the SIK-CRTC system in the PVN might contribute to the pathogenesis of depression.

Inhibition of ferroptosis attenuates oligospermia in male Nrf2 knockout mice.

Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in sperm decreases in some oligospermia patients. However, the mechanism of reduced Nrf2 expression in sperm of oligospermia men is not elucidated. In the present study, our clinical trial results showed that Nrf2 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein expressions in sperm of oligospermia men significantly decreased than those of healthy men.

Hippocampal F3/Contactin plays a role in chronic stress-induced depressive-like effects and the antidepressant actions of vortioxetine in mice.

Depression is a very prevalent psychiatric disorder which threats nearly one in six of the population in this world. To date, the pathogenesis of depression remains elusive and is thought to depend on multiple factors in which chronic stress is critical. Currently, it has been demonstrated that besides monoaminergic dysfunction, depression is accompanied by several other important pathological phenomena such as impaired neurogenesis and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling cascade in the hippocampus.

Peptides from the croceine croaker () swim bladder attenuate busulfan-induced oligoasthenospermia in mice.

Context: The swim bladder of the croceine croaker is believed to have a therapeutic effect on various diseases. However, there is no research about its effect on mammalian spermatogenesis.

Objective: We investigated the swim bladder peptides (SBPs) effect on busulfan-induced oligoasthenospermia in mice.

Hippocampal miR-206-3p participates in the pathogenesis of depression via regulating the expression of BDNF.

As a widely-known neuropsychiatric disorder, the exact pathogenesis of depression remains elusive. MiRNA-206 (miR-206) is conventionally known as one of the myomiRs and has two forms: miR-206-3p and miR-206-5p. Recently, miR-206 has been demonstrated to regulate the biosynthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a very popular target involved in depression and antidepressant responses.

Spatio-temporal landscape of mouse epididymal cells and specific mitochondria-rich segments defined by large-scale single-cell RNA-seq.

Spermatozoa acquire their fertilizing ability and forward motility during epididymal transit, suggesting the importance of the epididymis. Although the cell atlas of the epididymis was reported recently, the heterogeneity of the cells and the gene expression profile in the epididymal tube are still largely unknown. Considering single-cell RNA sequencing results, we thoroughly studied the cell composition, spatio-temporal differences in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in epididymal segments and mitochondria throughout the epididymis with sufficient cell numbers.

The Selective SIK2 Inhibitor ARN-3236 Produces Strong Antidepressant-Like Efficacy in Mice via the Hippocampal CRTC1-CREB-BDNF Pathway.

Depression is a widespread chronic medical illness affecting thoughts, mood, and physical health. However, the limited and delayed therapeutic efficacy of monoaminergic drugs has led to intensive research efforts to develop novel antidepressants. ARN-3236 is the first potent and selective inhibitor of salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2).

Copper nanoclusters with/without salicylaldehyde-modulation for multifunctional detection of mercury, cobalt, nitrite and cyanide ions in aqueous solution and bioimaging.

The sensitive determination of multiple heavy metal ions and toxic anions is important in biological and environmental fields. Here we report a facile strategy to construct a multifunctional chemosensor for the detection of Hg, [Formula: see text]Co, and CN in aqueous solution based on the fluorescent copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs). It was interesting to find that salicylaldehyde (SA) could effectively modulate the fluorescence property and sensing behavior of Cu NCs.

Dopamine-Modified AuCu Bimetallic Nanoclusters as Charge Transfer-Based Biosensors for Highly Sensitive Glycine Detection.

Glycine is the simplest amino acid in living organisms and plays important roles in biology and medicine. However, few biosensors for glycine sensing have been reported. Herein, we present a facile strategy to construct dopamine-modified AuCu bimetallic nanoclusters (denoted as AuCu NC-DA) as charge transfer-based biosensors for highly sensitive glycine sensing.

Two resveratrol analogs, pinosylvin and 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene, improve oligoasthenospermia in a mouse model by attenuating oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway.

Two synthesized resveratrol analogs from our laboratory, namely pinosylvin (3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, PIN) and 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene (DHS), have been carefully evaluated for treatment of oligoasthenospermia. Recent studies have demonstrated that PIN and DHS improved sperm quality in the mouse. However, the mechanism of action of PIN and DHS on oligoasthenospermia remains unknown.