A systematic analysis of the global, regional, and national burden of fungal skin diseases from 1990 to 2021.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the burden of Fungal Skin Diseases (FSD) in 2021 and explore the changing trends from 1990 to 2021 across different age groups and time periods.

Methods: This study extracted three key indicators of the burden of FSD from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study: prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The results were presented using point estimates and Uncertainty Intervals (UIs), and secondary analysis was conducted on these data to assess the changing trends in the burden of FSD using percentage change.

A plant growth-promoting bacterium supports cadmium detoxification of rice by inducing phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis.

Cadmium (Cd) is easily absorbed by rice and enters the food chain, posing a health risk to humans. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) can help the plant respond to Cd stress, but the mechanism of PGPB for Cd reduction is unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted and found inoculation with a newly isolated Pseudomonas koreensis promoted the growth of rice and reduced its Cd content.

Measures and effects on soil Cd remediation and safe rice production: a meta-analysis of 10-year Chinese patents.

Rice is the staple food for 1/3 of the world's population, but soil pollution with cadmium (Cd) is harmful to rice production and human health. Therefore, how to reduce the Cd content in rice grains is a hot topic worldwide. However, so far, little is known about Cd remediation technologies for paddy soils from the perspective of patents.

Robot-assisted stylomastoid foramen puncture and radiofrequency ablation for hemifacial spasm treatment: clinical outcomes and technique assessment.

Objective: Stylomastoid foramen (SMF) puncture with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive therapy for hemifacial spasm (HFS) with notable therapeutic outcomes. Conventionally, this procedure is performed under CT guidance. The present study highlights the authors' preliminary clinical experience with robot-assisted SMF puncture in 7 patients with HFS using a neurosurgical robot.

Ethylene-mediated root endodermal barrier development in impeding Cd radial transport and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Ethylene plays crucial roles in the adaptation to cadmium (Cd) stress. Nevertheless, the impact of endogenous ethylene on radial transport of Cd in different rice cultivars are insufficiently understood. Herein, we investigated how ethylene involved in the formation of endodermal barriers in roots of Nipponbare with low-Cd accumulation and IR32307 with high-Cd accumulation ability and further assessed its influence on Cd radial transport.

Enhanced CO Coordinates the Spatial Recruitment of Diazotrophs in Rice Via Root Development.

Understanding the reciprocal interaction between root development and coadapted beneficial microbes in response to elevated CO (eCO) will facilitate the identification of nutrient-efficient cultivars for sustainable agriculture. Here, systematic morphological, anatomical, chemical and gene expression assays performed under low-nitrogen conditions revealed that eCO drove the development of the endodermal barrier with respect to L-/S-shaped lateral roots (LRs) in rice. Next, we applied metabolome and endodermal-cell-specific RNA sequencing and showed that rice adapts to eCO by spatially recruiting diazotrophs via flavonoid secretion in L-shaped LRs.

Long-Term Straw Returning Enhances Phosphorus Uptake by L. through Mediating Microbial Biomass Phosphorus Turnover and Root Functional Traits.

The intensive use of chemical fertilizers in China to maintain high crop yields has led to significant environmental degradation and destabilized crop production. Returning straw to soil presents a potential alternative to reduce chemical fertilizer requirements and enhance soil fertility. This study investigates the effects of different nitrogen (N) input levels and straw additions on crop phosphorus (P) uptake and soil P availability based on a long-term N-fertilizer trial.

Root-soil-microbiome interaction in the rhizosphere of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) under different levels of heavy metal pollution.

Heavy metal pollution of the soil affects the environment and human health. Masson pine is a good candidate for phytoremediation of heavy metal in mining areas. Microorganisms in the rhizosphere can help with the accumulation of heavy metal in host plants.

Evolution of the biosynthetic pathways of terpene scent compounds in roses.

It is unknown why roses are terpene-rich, what the terpene biosynthetic pathways in roses are, and why only a few rose species produce the major components of rose essential oil. Here, we assembled two high-quality chromosome-level genomes for Rosa rugosa and Rosa multiflora. We also re-sequenced 132 individuals from the F1 progeny of Rosa chinensis and Rosa wichuraiana and 36 of their related species.

Peroxidase in plant defense: Novel insights for cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis plays crucial roles in the adaptation to cadmium (Cd) stress. Nevertheless, few reports have dabbled in physiological mechanisms of such super pathway regulating Cd accumulation in plants. Herein, by integrating transcriptomic, histological and molecular biology approaches, the present study dedicated to clarify molecular mechanism on how rice adapt to Cd stress via phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.

RcOST1L phosphorylates RcPIF4 for proteasomal degradation to promote flowering in rose.

Flowering is a vital agronomic trait that determines the economic value of most ornamental plants. The flowering time of rose (Rosa spp.) is photoperiod insensitive and is thought to be tightly controlled by light intensity, although the detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Safe Autonomous Driving with Latent Dynamics and State-Wise Constraints.

Autonomous driving has the potential to revolutionize transportation, but developing safe and reliable systems remains a significant challenge. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for learning optimal control policies in complex driving environments. However, existing RL-based methods often suffer from low sample efficiency and lack explicit safety constraints, leading to unsafe behaviors.

Assembly patterns and key taxa of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of moso bamboo () under different Cd and Pb pollution.

Moso bamboo is excellent candidate for cadmium (Cd)/lead (Pb) phytoremediation, while rhizosphere microbiome has significant impact on phytoremediation efficiency of host plant. However, little is known about the rhizosphere bacterial communities of moso bamboo in Cd/Pb contaminated soils. Therefore, this study investigated the assembly patterns and key taxa of rhizosphere bacterial communities of moso bamboo in Cd/Pb polluted and unpolluted soils, by field sampling, chemical analysis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Pore size and organic carbon of biochar limit the carbon sequestration potential of Bacillus cereus SR.

Carbon-fixing functional strain-loaded biochar may have significant potential in carbon sequestration given the global warming situation. The carbon-fixing functional strain Bacillus cereus SR was loaded onto rice straw biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures with the anticipation of clarifying the carbon sequestration performance of this strain on biochar and the interaction effects with biochar. During the culture period, the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon in biochar changed.

Temporal features of goals, substitutions, and fouls in football games in the five major European league from 2018 to 2021.

The "Big Five" European football leagues, comprising England's Premier League, Germany's Bundesliga, Spain's La Liga, Italy's Serie A, and France's Ligue 1, command significant attention. While the occurrence of goals, substitutions, and fouls in football games is often considered random, of the presence of an inherent inevitability is unclear. To investigate, we analyzed a public dataset detailing timing of goals, substitutions, and yellow cards in regular time from WhoScored across three seasons (2018-2019, 2019-2020, 2020-2021) in the top five European football leagues.

Telo boxes within the AGAMOUS second intron recruit histone 3 lysine 27 methylation to increase petal number in rose (Rosa chinensis) in response to low temperatures.

The petals of rose (Rosa sp.) flowers determine the ornamental and industrial worth of this species. The number of petals in roses was previously shown to be subject to fluctuations in ambient temperature.

Integrated morphological, physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal response mechanisms of rice under different cadmium exposure routes.

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the major cereal crops and takes up cadmium (Cd) more readily than other crops. Understanding the mechanism of Cd uptake and defense in rice can help us avoid Cd in the food chain. However, studies comparing Cd uptake, toxicity, and detoxification mechanisms of leaf and root Cd exposure at the morphological, physiological, and transcriptional levels are still lacking.

Composition of DOM along the depth gradients in the paddy field treated with crop straw for 10 years.

Crop straw return is a widely used agricultural management practice. The addition of crop straw significantly alters the pool of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in agricultural soils and plays a pivotal role in the global carbon (C) cycle, which is sensitive to climate change. The DOM concentration and composition at different soil depths could regulate the turnover and further storage of organic C in terrestrial systems.

Singlet oxygen induces cell wall thickening and stomatal density reducing by transcriptome reprogramming.

Singlet oxygen (O) has a very short half-life of 10 s; however, it is a strong oxidant that causes growth arrest and necrotic lesions on plants. Its signaling pathway remains largely unknown. The Arabidopsis flu (fluorescent) mutant accumulates a high level of O and shows drastic changes in nuclear gene expression.

Rose long noncoding RNA lncWD83 promotes flowering by modulating ubiquitination of the floral repressor RcMYC2L.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in various signaling pathways in vascular plants. However, the crosstalk between lncRNAs and E3 ubiquitin ligases has been barely reported. In this study, we demonstrate that the lncRNA lncWD83 from rose (Rosa chinensis) 'Old blush' activates flowering by modulating the ubiquitination of the floral repressor MYC2 LIKE (RcMYC2L).

TRAF Family Member 4 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy Through the Activation of the AKT Pathway.

Background Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a major cause of heart failure morbidity. The complex mechanism of intermolecular interactions underlying the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy has led to a lack of development and application of therapeutic methods. Methods and Results Our study provides the first evidence that TRAF4, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family, acts as a promoter of cardiac hypertrophy.

The intragenic cis-elements mediate temperature response of RrKSN.

Gene regulation via intragenic sequences is becoming more recognized in many eukaryotes. However, the intragenic sequences mediated gene expressions in response to environmental stimuli have been largely uncharacterized. Here, we showed that the first intron of RrKSN from the Rosa rugosa cultivar 'Purple branch' had a positive effect on RrKSN expression, and the effect depends on its position and orientation.

Multiple insights into lignin-mediated cadmium detoxification in rice (Oryza sativa).

Cadmium (Cd) is readily absorbed by rice and enters the food chain, posing a health risk to humans. A better understanding of the mechanisms of Cd-induced responses in rice will help in developing solutions to reduce Cd uptake in rice. Therefore, this research attempted to reveal the detoxification mechanisms of rice in response to Cd through physiological, transcriptomic and molecular approaches.

Synergistic impacts of ferromanganese oxide biochar and optimized water management on reducing Cd accumulation in rice.

Ferromanganese oxide biochar composite (FMBC) is an efficient remediation material for cadmium -contaminated soils. However, the effect of FMBC under varied water managements on the remediation of Cd-polluted soil is unclear. In this study, we conducted both incubation and field experiments to investigate the combined effects of corn-stover-derived biochar modified with ferromanganese on the immobilization and uptake of Cd by rice under continuous aerobic (A), aerobic-flooded (AF), and flooded-aerobic (FA) water management regimes.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease increased the risk of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in China.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was proposed to substitute NAFLD in 2020. This new term highlights the systematic metabolic disturbances that accompany fatty liver. We evaluated the correlations between MAFLD and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA) based on a nationwide health examination population in China.