Whole slide image based prognosis prediction in rectal cancer using unsupervised artificial intelligence.

Background: Rectal cancer is a common cancer worldwide and lacks effective prognostic markers. The development of prognostic markers by computational pathology methods has attracted increasing attention. This paper aims to construct a prognostic signature from whole slide images for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) of rectal cancer through an unsupervised artificial intelligence algorithm.

Implications of prenatal exposure to hyperandrogen for hippocampal neurodevelopment and autism-like behavior in offspring.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly jeopardizes the physical and mental well-being of children. Autism spectrum disorder results from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Hyperandrogenic exposure during pregnancy increases their risk of developing autism.

Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy as first-line therapy for cervical cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis in the US.

Objective: Medication is the predominant therapy for advanced cancers. However, the use of novel anticancer medications is a major contributor to disease-related financial hardships. Recently, numerous countries have mandated the pharmacoeconomic assessments of novel oncological agents to mitigate patient financial risks and optimize resource allocation.

Associations between NCLBP, spinal sagittal alignment and age groups: a cross-sectional cohort study.

Purpose: Nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP) is one of the most common manifestations of degenerative spondylitis. It affects many patients of all ages and seriously interferes with quality of life. However, the associations between NCLBP, sagittal alignment and age remain unclear.

Development and clinical utility of an ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry assay for monitoring omadacycline and tigecycline in severe bacterial infections.

Objective: We aimed to develop a rapid, simple, and precise ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technique for simultaneous measurement of omadacycline (OMA) and tigecycline (TGC) in the bloodstream of individuals suffering from serious bacterial infections.

Methods: All analytes were extracted using a 0.2 % formic acid-water dilution and acetonitrile plasma protein precipitation.

Imperatorin promotes melanin degradation in keratinocytes through facilitating autophagy via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Purpose: Melanin's pivotal role in skin protection and its overproduction leading to hyperpigmentation disorders highlight the necessity of regulating melanogenesis, with autophagy identified as a key degradation pathway. Imperatorin, a compound from Angelica dahurica, has been revealed to reduce melanin in epidermal keratinocytes, with the specific effects and mechanisms unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which imperatorin, reduces melanin production in HaCaT cells, with a focus on its potential role in promoting autophagy and regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

LIMD1-AS1 promotes the progression of prostate cancer and affects the function of prostate cancer cells by down-regulating miR-29c-3p.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy affecting males, with a considerable proportion of patients experiencing poor survival outcomes. The regulatory role of LIMD1-AS1 in the initiation and progression of PCa is emerging as a significant factor, however, the precise mechanisms governing its influence are yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods: qRT-PCR was employed to assess the expression of LIMD1-AS1 and miR-29c-3p.

Intravenous administration of blood-brain barrier-crossing conjugates facilitate biomacromolecule transport into central nervous system.

Delivery of biomacromolecules to the central nervous system (CNS) remains challenging because of the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We developed a BBB-crossing conjugate (BCC) system that facilitates delivery into the CNS through γ-secretase-mediated transcytosis. Intravenous administration of a BCC10-oligonucleotide conjugate demonstrated effective transportation of the oligonucleotide across the BBB and gene silencing in wild-type mice, human brain tissues and an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model.

Characterisation of ginsenosides composition in processed American ginseng products using UPLC-MS coupled with chemometric analysis.

American ginseng( L.), a traditional herbal extensively utilised in China, exhibits both medicinal and food properties. Diverse processing American ginseng gain extensive utilisation in China.

Multichannel meta-imagers based on electrically tunable metasurfaces for accelerating matrix operations.

Optical neural networks have facilitated groundbreaking advancements in machine vision, intelligent healthcare, and autonomous driving systems. However, fixed optical network architectures encounter a dramatic challenge in achieving large-scale parameter tuning without necessitating modifications to the physical components, thereby limiting their capacity to handle intricate application scenarios. Here, a meta-imager based on tunable metasurfaces is proposed, which acts as an optoelectronic front end in collaboration with a digital back end to transfer computationally intensive convolution operations to super integration, highly parallel optical devices.

Spatial-spectral encoding and dictionary optimization in compressive single-pixel hyperspectral imaging based on mutual coherence minimization.

A single-pixel detector based hyperspectral system provides an effective way to obtain the spatial-spectral information of target scenes. However, complex spectral dispersion and the substantial number of measurements not only increase the complexity of the system but also decrease the sampling efficiency and the reconstruction accuracy. In this paper, we propose a compressive sensing (CS) theory based single-pixel hyperspectral imaging system.

Joint optimization of coded aperture metasurface and residual self-attention network for snapshot full-Stokes imaging.

Traditional full-Stokes polarization imaging typically relies on the movements or segmentation of imaging systems, often accompanied by sacrifices in temporal or spatial resolution. Therefore, simultaneous encoding of full-Stokes vectors at the pixel scale is of great significance. Benefiting from the multi-dimensional light field control capability of metasurfaces, a coded aperture metasurface for polarization imaging is proposed in this paper, which can achieve pixel-level encoding of four Stokes vectors in a single imaging session.

A classification system based on improved global exploration and convergence to examine student psychological fitness.

Anxiety is an important issue that affects their academic performance, mental health, and overall educational journey. To address this issue, it is important to accurately assess anxiety levels and provide evidence-based techniques. However, due to the complexity of anxiety and individual differences, analyzing clustering algorithms to efficiently classify psychological levels is challenging.

Follow-Up Study of Percutaneous Intramyocardial Septal Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy With HFpEF.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the changes of left ventricular diastolic function and the improvement of clinical symptoms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) after percutaneous intramyocardial septal radiofrequency ablation (PIMSRA).

Methods: This study enrolled 31 adult HCM patients with HFpEF who underwent PIMSRA treatment. Electrocardiogram, imaging, and blood biochemical examinations were performed on these patients during a 6-month follow-up.

Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria: Clinical benefits for patients with gastric cancer.

Malnutrition is a prevalent condition among patients with gastric cancer and is associated with poor survival outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in predicting survival among patients with gastric cancer. The multicenter retrospective cohort study (INSCOC study) included 1406 patients enrolled between December 2012 and April 2020, with follow-up data collected until June 2023.

Novel TBC1D8B variant causes neonatal nephrotic syndrome combined with acute kidney injury.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NPHS), characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema, can be caused by genetic variations. TBC1D8B was recently discovered as a novel disease-causing gene for X-linked NPHS. With only a few reported cases, the clinical manifestations associated with variants of this gene need to be further examined.

Identification of vancomycin exposure target in neonates: how much is enough?

Objectives: Vancomycin is commonly used in neonates with the same pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) target as adults. However, no evidence supports this practice, and the association between trough concentrations and treatment outcomes has been widely questioned. This study aimed to identify the optimal PK/PD predictor and assess the correlation between AUC/MIC, trough concentration and the vancomycin efficacy in neonates.

DMAP Catalyzed Ring-Opening/Cycloaddition of Vinyl Oxiranes with Activated Ketone Compounds to Construct the 1,3-Dioxolane Skeletons.

The present work develops a DMAP-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinyl oxiranes with activated ketone compounds, affording dioxolane derivatives with moderate to excellent yields. This approach represents the first Lewis base (LB)-catalyzed ring-opening reaction of vinyl epoxides, simultaneously providing a rare oxygen-containing active intermediate in this field. The gram-scale preparation and facile derivatization of the cycloadduct highlight the significant synthetic potential of this strategy.

SAPPNet: students' academic performance prediction during COVID-19 using neural network.

A variety of reasons have made it more difficult for educators and tutors to anticipate students' performance. Numerous researchers have used various predictive models to identify students who may be at-risk of dropping out early. Additionally, these methods were used to forecast final semester grades based on various datasets.

Construction and validation of a histone-related gene signature for the diagnosis of endometriosis.

Objectives: Endometriosis is a common chronic disease in childbearing women and a major cause of infertility. Our study aimed to identify and validate a novel gene signature for diagnosing endometriosis based on histone-related genes (HRGs), and to investigate their biological functions in endometriosis.

Material And Methods: RNA sequence data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and HRGs were retrieved from the GeneCards database.

Relationship between environmental PM exposure in early pregnancy and thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women.

Objectives: To investigate a potential association between exposure to different concentrations of environmental fine particulate matter (PM) during early pregnancy and maternal thyroid hormone levels.

Methods: The Midong District of Urumqi City was selected as the site for PM exposure, while Bole City served as the non-exposed group. Participants were women volunteers enrolled before the 28th week of gestation.

C3SI-compact complementary compressed spectral imaging.

Compressed spectral imaging (CSI) typically captures spectral images in a single shot by encoding scenes with a mask, but it often neglects information occluded by the mask. This paper capitalizes on such overlooked information to enhance spectral imaging performance. By integrating a sparse mask design, our approach captures both spectral data and complementary spatial information simultaneously.