Morphine-Induced Elevation of Reactive Oxygen Species Attenuates Chemotherapy Efficacy in Diverse Cancer Cell Types.

Background: Morphine, a mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist commonly utilized in clinical settings alongside chemotherapy to manage chronic pain in cancer patients, has exhibited contradictory effects on cancer, displaying specificity toward certain cancer types and doses.

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic assessment and comparison of the impacts of morphine on three distinct cancer models in a preclinical setting.

Methods: Viability and apoptosis assays were conducted on a panel of cancer cell lines following treatment with morphine, chemotherapy drugs alone, or their combination.

Robotic urologic surgery using the Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System: a single-center prospective analysis.

Background: The Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System is a newly developed surgical robot from China. This study evaluates its feasibility, safety, and effectiveness for various urologic procedures based on our single-center experience.

Methods: From October 2023 to January 2024, 20 urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the Toumai MT-1000 system.

Mind the gap in kidney care: translating what we know into what we do.

Historically, it takes an average of 17 years to move new treatments from clinical evidence to daily practice. Given the highly effective treatments now available to prevent or delay kidney disease onset and progression, this is far too long. The time is now to narrow the gap between what we know and what we do.

A temporally adaptive schlieren approach by fusing frame- and event-based cameras.

This Letter reports what we believe to be a novel schlieren approach with adaptive temporal resolution. The fundamental concept of this approach is to fuse an event-based camera and a low-speed frame-based camera to generate high-frame-rate videos by leveraging the strengths of both. Using a novel experimental setup, events and frames are accurately aligned in both space and time.

Boosting Exciton Dissociation and Charge Transfer in Fluorine-Substituted Covalent Organic Frameworks with Biomimetic Electron Pumps for Remarkable Photocatalytic Extraction of Uranium.

Visible-light-driven photocatalytic uranium extraction based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are green and sustainable, but their performance is severely restricted by a strong exciton effect. Herein, inspired by the physiology of cardiac pacing, a novel fluorine-based COF (PyF-DaS-COF) with a biomimetic electronic pump has been fabricated and used for the photocatalytic extraction of uranium. Both experimental and theoretical calculations confirm that strongly electronegative fluorine plays a crucial role in exciton dissociation and charge transfer.

Association between air pollution and lifestyle with the risk of developing mild cognitive impairment and dementia in individuals with cardiometabolic diseases.

Lifestyle factors and ambient air pollution are linked to dementia and CMDs, yet few studies have investigated their impact on dementia risk in CMDs patients at the same time. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the influence of lifestyle and ambient air pollution on the dementia risk of the CMDs population among 438,681 participants in the UK Biobank. It is found that the risk of developing mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the population seems to increase with the increase in the number of CMDs.

Soil nitrogen deficiency aggravated the aging of biodegradable microplastics in paddy soil under the input of organic substances with contrasting C/N ratios.

The application of organic substances to the agricultural field has effectively enhanced soil nutrient levels and crop yields. Biodegradable microplastics (bio-MPs), a pervasive emerging contaminant, may potentially impact the soil ecosystem through their aging process. Here, a 150-day dark incubation experiment was conducted to elucidate the disparities in the aging process of polylactic acid bio-MPs (PLA-MPs) in soils with contrasting C/N ratios of organic substances, as the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear.

Long-Range Charge Transport Facilitated by Electron Delocalization in MoS and Carbon Nanotube Heterostructures.

Controlling charge transport at the interfaces of nanostructures is crucial for their successful use in optoelectronic and solar energy applications. Mixed-dimensional heterostructures based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have demonstrated exceptionally long-lived charge-separated states. However, the factors that control the charge transport at these interfaces remain unclear.

Constructing Activatable Photosensitizers Using Covalently Modified Mesoporous Silica.

The combination of photosensitizers (PSs) and nanomaterials is a widely used strategy to enhance PS efficacy and broaden their applicability. However, the current nanocarrier-based delivery strategies focus on conventional PSs, neglecting the critical issue of PS phototoxicity. In this study, DHUOCl-25, an activatable PS (aPS) activated by hypochlorous acid, is synthesized by combining a silicon source structure and an activation unit.

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition Risk in Patients With Valvular Heart Disease.

Background: Previous studies on the prevalence and prognosis of nutritional status in valvular heart disease (VHD) were primarily limited to aortic stenosis. The nutritional status of other types of VHDs remained an underexplored area.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk in different types of VHD and investigate the association between malnutrition risk and adverse clinical events.

Patient-reported outcome measures for life participation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.

Background: The symptoms, comorbidities and treatment burden associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be debilitating and limit life participation in patients with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT). The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics, content and psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess life participation in patients with CKD.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL from database inception to February 2023 for all studies that reported life participation in patients with CKD (stages 1-5 not requiring kidney replacement therapy).

Adipose tissue may not be a major player in the inflammatory pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Purpose: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder increasingly recognized for its strong association with chronic inflammation. Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ and can secrete inflammatory cytokines to mediate inflammation. However, its involvement in ASD-related inflammation remains unclear.

A reduction-secretion system contributes to roxarsone (V) degradation and efflux in Brevundimonas sp. M20.

Roxarsone (V) (Rox(V)) is an organoarsenical compound that poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and various diseases. Reducing trivalent 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid (HAPA(III)) offers a competitive advantage; however, it leads to localized arsenic contamination, which can disrupt the soil microbiome and impede plant growth. Three genes, BsntrA, arsC2, and BsexpA, encoding nitroreductase, arsenate reductase, and MFS transporter, respectively, were identified in the Rox(V)-resistant strain Brevundimonas sp.

Belt conveyor idler fault detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5.

The rapid expansion of the coal mining industry has introduced significant safety risks, particularly within the harsh environments of open-pit coal mines. The safe and stable operation of belt conveyor idlers is crucial not only for ensuring efficient coal production but also for safeguarding the lives of coal mine workers. Therefore, this paper proposes a method based on deep learning for real-time detection of conveyor idler faults.

Recent changes in ENSO's impacts on the summertime circumglobal teleconnection and mid-latitude extremes.

The boreal summer circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) provides a primary predictability source for mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere climate anomalies and extreme events. Here, we show that the CGT's circulation structure has been displaced westward by half a wavelength since the late 1970s, more severely impacting heatwaves and droughts over East Europe, East Asia, and southwestern North America. We present empirical and modelling evidence of the essential role of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in shaping this change.

Intra-arterial tenecteplase after successful endovascular recanalisation in patients with acute posterior circulation arterial occlusion (ATTENTION-IA): multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To assess whether intra-arterial tenecteplase administered after successful endovascular recanalisation improves outcomes in patients with acute arterial occlusion of the posterior circulation.

Design: Multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Setting: 31 hospitals in China, 24 January 2023 to 24 August 2023.

Dual ferroptosis induction in N2-TANs and TNBC cells via FTH1 targeting: A therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancer.

Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) play a critical role in the progression and prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), with N2-type TANs known for their pro-tumor characteristics. This study introduces CT-1, a derivative of cryptotanshinone that effectively suppresses TNBC growth while selectively reducing the proportion of N2-type TANs within tumor tissue. Notably, CT-1 induces simultaneous ferroptosis in both N2-type TANs and TNBC cells, a dual mechanism that enhances its therapeutic efficacy.

Efficacy of Spray Cryotherapy on Airway Secretions in Canine Models of Chronic Bronchitis and Mechanism Insights.

Introduction Bronchoscopic spray cryotherapy (SCT) is a novel treatment showing promise for chronic bronchitis (CB), characterized by excessive mucus secretion and productive cough. A large animal model for preclinical research of SCT is lacking, and its treatment's efficacy and mechanisms for CB are not well understood. Methods Eight Labradors were exposed to 200 ppm SO2 for 6 months to develop a CB model.

Identification of mutation of MYOC (c.1099G>A), a pedigree pathogenic gene of juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG): A case report.

Rationale: The MYOC gene is associated with juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG). This study aims to provide genetic counseling for a Chinese JOAG family by detecting MYOC mutations to identify high-risk individuals for early JOAG intervention. It also supplements the clinical characteristics of glaucoma patients with MYOC gene mutations.

Rational Design of Prussian Blue Analogues for Ultralong and Wide-Temperature-Range Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Architecting Prussian blue analogue (PBA) cathodes with optimized synergistic bimetallic reaction centers is a paradigmatic strategy for devising high-energy sodium-ion batteries (SIBs); however, these cathodes usually suffer from fast capacity fading and sluggish reaction kinetics. To alleviate the above problems, herein, a series of early transition metal (ETM)-late transition metal (LTM)-based PBA (Fe-VO, Fe-TiO, Fe-ZrO, Co-VO, and Fe-Co-VO) cathode materials have been conveniently fabricated via an "acid-assisted synthesis" strategy. As a paradigm, the FeVO-PBA (FV) delivers a superb rate capability (148.

Comparison of Jinzhen oral liquid and ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children: A multicenter, non-inferiority, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

The comparison between traditional Chinese medicine Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) and Western medicine in treating children with acute bronchitis (AB) showed encouraging outcomes. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the JZOL for improving cough and expectoration in children with AB. 480 children were randomly assigned to take JZOL or ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution for 7 days.

Amorphization Stabilizes Te-based Aqueous Batteries via Confining Free Water.

Tellurium (Te), with its rich valence states (-2 to +6), could endow aqueous batteries with potentially high specific capacity. However, achieving complete and stable hypervalent Te0/Te4+ electrochemistry in an aqueous environment poses significant challenges, owing to the sluggish reduction kinetics, the easy dissolution of Te4+ species, and a controversial energy storage mechanism. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate an amorphous strategy for robust aqueous TeO2/Te electrochemistry.