Predicting opioid use disorder and associated risk factors in a Medicaid managed care population.

Objectives: Medicaid managed care organizations are developing comprehensive strategies to reduce the impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) among their members. The goals of this study were to develop and validate a predictive model of OUD and to predict future OUD diagnosis, resulting in proactive, person-centered outreach.

Study Design: We utilized machine learning methodology to select a multivariate logistic regression and identify predictors.

Postdischarge engagement decreased hospital readmissions in Medicaid populations.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of managed care organization (MCO)-implemented postdischarge engagement, supported by other broadly focused interventions, on 30-day hospital readmissions in 6 at-risk Medicaid populations.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: One-year follow-up analysis of member claims data was performed following an intervention period from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014.

Multifaceted interventions improve medication adherence and reduce acute hospitalization rates in medicaid patients prescribed asthma controllers.

Objective: To measure the effectiveness of managed care-led interventions in Medicaid subjects with asthma on medication adherence and acute hospitalization in Pennsylvania.

Methods: A total of 3589 members (age range, 5-64 years) served by two Pennsylvania-based Medicaid managed care plans (southeastern Pennsylvania [SEPA] and Lehigh-Capital/New West Pennsylvania [LCNWPA]) with low adherence rates (proportion of days covered [PDC]; 20%-67%) for asthma controller prescription fills in 2012 were guided through a care continuum by a comprehensive asthma strategy, consisting of adherence-improvement interventions (grouped as general intervention [GI] or personalized intervention [PI] for higher-risk subjects). Medication adherence and acute hospitalization rates (emergency department [ED] and inpatient [IP]) were compared at baseline versus one-year post-intervention using paired t-test or signed-rank tests.

Factors associated with willingness to participate in biospecimen research among Chinese Americans.

A paucity of information exists on the recruitment of Asian Americans for biospecimen research. Although studies show that Chinese Americans are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, little is known about their willingness to participate in HBV-related biospecimen research and how knowledge, attitudes, and cultural factors impact their willingness to participate. The study was guided by Community-Based Participatory Research principles.

Culturally appropriate education intervention on biospecimen research participation among Chinese Americans.

Background: Chinese Americans are at increased risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To reduce or eliminate disparities in HBV-related infection rates, participation in scientific investigations of HBV risk and treatment, including biospecimen sampling, is important. However, Asian Americans have low rates of participation in biospecimen research, and little is known about how educational interventions affect knowledge and participation in HBV-related biospecimen research.

New ST-depression: an under-recognized high-risk category of 'complete' ST-resolution after reperfusion therapy.

Aim: It is not known if there is an association between resolution of ST-elevation to ST-depression following fibrinolysis and 30-day mortality.

Methods: In an ECG substudy of HERO-2, which compared bivalirudin to unfractionated heparin following streptokinase in 12,556 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction ECGs were recorded at baseline and at 60 minutes after commencing fibrinolysis. The main outcome measure was 30-day mortality.

Health beliefs associated with cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese Americans.

Background: Vietnamese American women represent one of the ethnic subgroups at great risk for cervical cancer in the United States. The underutilization of cervical cancer screening and the vulnerability of Vietnamese American women to cervical cancer may be compounded by their health beliefs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between factors of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese American women.

Correlates of cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese American women.

Objective: Vietnamese American women are at the greatest risk for cervical cancer but have the lowest cervical cancer screening rates. This study was to determine whether demographic and acculturation, healthcare access, and knowledge and beliefs are associated with a prior history of cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese women.

Methods: Vietnamese women (n = 1450) from 30 Vietnamese community-based organizations located in Pennsylvania and New Jersey participated in the study and completed baseline assessments.

Health seeking behavioral analysis associated with breast cancer screening among Asian American women.

Objective: The purpose of this community-based study was to apply a Sociocultural Health Behavior Model to determine the association of factors proposed in the model with breast cancer screening behaviors among Asian American women.

Methods: A cross-sectional design included a sample of 682 Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese women aged 40 years and older. The frequency distribution analysis and Chi-square analysis were used for the initial screening of the following variables: sociodemographic, cultural, enabling, environmental, and social support.

Impacts of inter- and intra- ethnic partnerships/relationships on traditional gift giving in a cohort of Pacific mothers.

Traditional gift-giving (TGG) is an important element of familial obligations among Pacific families. Migration from Pacific homelands to New Zealand and other countries has had an impact on participation in TGG., Many anecdotal accounts have suggested that TGG diminishes when Pacific persons marry outside their ethnic groups.

Traditional gift-giving and gambling amongst Pacific mothers living in New Zealand.

Cultural variables are implicated in gambling literature as playing an important role in the initiation and maintenance of gambling activity, however there remains a paucity of research that defines and investigates the association between cultural factors, gambling and problem gambling amongst different cultural groups. The first data collection point for a cohort of mothers within the longitudinal Pacific Islands Families study identified that the Pacific cultural practice of traditional gift-giving was associated with gambling activity and expenditure. In this paper, data about traditional gift-giving and gambling are presented from the third collection point within this study.

Agreement and discordance of parents' and teachers' reports of behavioural problems among Pacific children living in New Zealand.

Research suggests that ratings of child psychopathology by parents and teachers are generally not highly correlated. We examined the agreement and discordance between the child behaviour ratings of parents and teachers of a cohort of 6-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand, based on scores from the Child Behaviour Checklist and the Teacher Report Form. Mother's reports were obtained for 1019 children, of whom, 602 also had father's reports and 559 had teacher's reports.

Child developmental assessment at two-years of age: data from the Pacific Islands Families Study.

Aims: To describe the developmental profile of Pacific children living in New Zealand at two years of age in personal/social, language, cognitive, fine motor, and gross motor domains, and to examine how sociodemographic, maternal, and cultural factors influence children's development.

Methods: A cohort of Pacific infants born during 2000 in Auckland, New Zealand, was followed up at two-years postpartum. Maternal interviews were administered and the developmental status of the child was measured using the Australian Developmental Screening Test.

A community-based participatory approach to a hepatitis B intervention for Korean Americans.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver cancer are severe health problems among Korean Americans. Most Korean Americans are neither screened nor vaccinated against HBV owing to substantial access barriers.

Objectives: The primary objective of this article is to highlight how our team of academic researchers and community partners worked together to apply a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to developing, implementing, and evaluating a culturally appropriate, church-based HBV screening and vaccination intervention program for Korean Americans.

Prostate cancer screening among chinese american men: a structural model.

Objective: To test the Sociocultural Health Behavior Model in relation to the health behavior of prostate cancer (PCa) screening among Chinese American men.

Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model analyses were conducted among Chinese American men.

Results: The path analysis supported the components of the sociocultural model and indicated a positive and significant relationship between PCa screening and the enabling factors; between cultural factors and predisposing, enabling, and access/satisfaction with health care factors; and between enabling factors and access/satisfaction with health care.

Workplace-based breast cancer screening intervention in china.

Background: Breast cancer continues to be the primary cause of death among East and Southeast Asian women. Although China, the most populous country in the world, is experiencing unprecedented economic growth, its health care system has yet to benefit from the current economic prosperity. Indeed, studies have shown a consistent increase in breast cancer rates among Chinese women over the past two decades in the absence of breast cancer screening guidelines.

Role of sociocultural factors in hepatitis B screening among Asian Americans.

Objective: To apply the proposed Sociocultural Health Behavior Model to determine association of factors related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening among Asian Americans.

Methods: A cross-sectional design of 1312 Asian men and women 18 years and older. The frequency distribution analysis and chi square analysis were used for the initial screening of the following variables: access/satisfaction with health care, enabling, predisposing, cultural, and health belief factors.

The prognostic meaning of the full spectrum of aVR ST-segment changes in acute myocardial infarction.

Aims: ST-elevation in lead aVR is known to be associated with a worse prognosis in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI) but the significance of ST depression in lead aVR has been unclear. Infarction of the inferior apex of the left ventricle may not be appreciated on the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) except by observing ST depression in lead aVR which is reciprocal to lead V(7). We therefore determined the prognostic value of the full spectrum of aVR ST changes in patients presenting with acute ST elevation MI.

Maternal self-report of oral health in six-year-old Pacific children from South Auckland, New Zealand.

Objective: To examine maternal and socio-demographic factors associated with oral health practices and experiences in six-year-old Pacific children.

Methods: The longitudinal Pacific Islands Families (PIF) study is following a cohort of Pacific children born in Auckland, New Zealand in 2000. At approximately six years postpartum maternal reports (n = 1001) on child oral health practices and experiences of fillings and extractions were gathered.

Prognostic value of lead V1 ST elevation during acute inferior myocardial infarction.

Background: Lead V(1) directly faces the right ventricle and may exhibit ST elevation during an acute inferior myocardial infarction when the right ventricle is also involved. Leads V(1) and V(3) indirectly face the posterolateral left ventricle, and ST depression ("mirror-image" ST elevation) in V(1) through V(3) may reflect concomitant posterolateral infarction. The prognostic significance of V(1) ST elevation during an acute inferior myocardial infarction may therefore be dependent on V(3) ST changes.

aVR ST elevation: an important but neglected sign in ST elevation acute myocardial infarction.

Aim: This study evaluated the prognostic implications of aVR ST elevation during ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods And Results: The Hirulog and Early Reperfusion/Occlusion-2 study randomized 17 073 patients with acute ST elevation AMI within 6 h of symptom onset to receive either bivalirudin or heparin, in addition to streptokinase and aspirin. The treatments had no effect on the primary endpoint of 30-day mortality.

Impact of current and past intimate partner violence on maternal mental health and behaviour at 2 years after childbirth: evidence from the Pacific Islands Families Study.

Objective: The present study examined the association between maternal intimate partner violence (IPV) at 6 weeks and 24 months postpartum and maternal health problems in a cohort of Pacific families with 2-year-old children in New Zealand.

Methods: Data were gathered from the Pacific Islands Families Study. Mothers of a cohort of Pacific infants born in Auckland, New Zealand during 2000 were interviewed when the children were 6 weeks and 24 months of age.

Community-based colorectal cancer intervention in underserved Korean Americans.

Background: Despite evidence of a decline in both incidence and prevalence of colorectal cancer nationwide, it remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third highest cause of mortality among Asian Americans, including Korean Americans. This community-based and theoretically guided study evaluated a culturally appropriate intervention program that included a bilingual cancer educational program among Korean Americans including information on CRC risks, counseling to address psychosocial and access barriers, and patient navigation assistance.

Methods: A two-group quasi-experimental design with baseline and post-intervention assessment and a 12-month follow-up on screening was used in the study.