Development of udenafil-loaded microemulsions for intranasal delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluations.

To achieve rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability of udenafil, a microemulsion system was developed for its intranasal delivery. Phase behavior, particle size, transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, and the drug solubilization capacity of the microemulsion were investigated. A single isotropic region was found in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams developed at various ratios with CapMul MCM L8 as an oil, Labrasol as a surfactant, and Transcutol or its mixture with ethanol (1:0.

Rapid and sensitive determination of udenafil in plasma by LC-MS/MS for intranasal pharmacokinetic study in rats.

A rapid and sensitive analytical method for udenafil in rat plasma was developed and validated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This chromatographic procedure was then applied to the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rats for determining the advantages of intranasal administration of the drug over oral administration. Using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), udenafil and the internal standard (IS) sildenafil were extracted with dichloromethane from 100 μl of plasma samples.