[Association of fertilization strategy and embryo transfer time with the incidence of ectopic pregnancy].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of the fertilization strategy and embryo transfer (ET) time with the incidence of ectopic pregnancy.

Methods: We selected 3,331 fresh and 2,706 frozen-thawed ET cycles for the patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The fresh transfers included 2 546 IVF-ET and 785 ICSI-ET cycles and 2,220 day-3 embryo and 1,111 day-5 blastocyst transfers, while the frozen-thawed transfers included 2,080 IVF-ET and 626 ICSI-ET cycles and 741 day-3 embryo and 1 965 day-5 or -6 blastocyst transfers.

[Anatomical double bundle reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament with allograft tendon in the treatment of patellar dislocations].

Objective: To investigate the clinical therapeutic results of allograft tendon for anatomical reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) for the treatment of patellar dislocations.

Methods: From September 2008 to June 2013, 16 patients with patellar dislocation underwent MPFL reconstructions. There were 2 males and 14 females, aged 11 to 27 years old (16 years old on average).

Efficacy of swim-up versus density gradient centrifugation in improving sperm deformity rate and DNA fragmentation index in semen samples from teratozoospermic patients.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of swim-up and DGC in improving sperm deformity and DNA fragmentation and to determine which method is better in teratozoospermic patients requiring artificial reproduction.

Methods: The present study compared the effects of swim-up and density gradient centrifugation (DGC), the two most commonly used semen preparation methods, on sperm deformity rate and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in semen samples from teratozoospermic patients.

Results: The results demonstrated that both swim-up and DGC yielded a significantly lower sperm deformity rate and DFI in comparison to unprocessed whole semen, with DGC having more favorable results.

System evaluation on reamed and non-reamed intramedullary nailing in the treatment of closed tibial fracture.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of reamed and nonreamed intramedullary nailing in treatment of closed tibial fractures with Cochrane systematic review methods.

Methods: According to the Cochrane systematic review methods, literatures were retrieved from Cochrane library, PubMed, EMbase and other database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized controlled clinical trials about reamed and nonreamed intramedullary nailing in the treatment of closed tibial fractures were collected and RevMan 5.