Renal protective effect of metformin in type 2 diabetes patients.

Background: Inhibiting the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important issue, but the renoprotective effect of metformin is still controversial.

Aims: To assess the renoprotective effect of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective observational multicenter cohort study included 316,693 patients with type 2 diabetes from seven hospital.

The Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors on Renal Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Past studies have confirmed that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists can improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to evaluate whether dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which elevate GLP-1 levels, also have similar effects on renal function. In this retrospective study, diabetic patients treated with anti-hyperglycemic agents between 2008 and 2011 were selected.