Site-specific quantification of Adenosine-to-Inosine RNA editing by Endonuclease-Mediated qPCR.

RNA molecules contain diverse modified nucleobases that play pivotal roles in numerous biological processes. Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, one of the most prevalent RNA modifications in mammalian cells, is linked to a multitude of human diseases. To unveil the functions of A-to-I RNA editing, accurate quantification of inosine at specific sites is essential.

Direct decarboxylation of ten-eleven translocation-produced 5-carboxylcytosine in mammalian genomes forms a new mechanism for active DNA demethylation.

DNA cytosine methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is the most important epigenetic mark in higher eukaryotes. 5mC in genomes is dynamically controlled by writers and erasers. DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferases (DNMTs) are responsible for the generation and maintenance of 5mC in genomes.

Methods for isolation of messenger RNA from biological samples.

RNA molecules contain many chemical modifications that can regulate a variety of biological processes. Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are critical components in the central dogma of molecular biology. The discovery of reversible chemical modifications in eukaryotic mRNA brings forward a new research field in RNA modification-mediated regulation of gene expression.