Gold nanoparticles anchored onto three-dimensional graphene: simultaneous voltammetric determination of dopamine and uric acid.

An electrochemical sensor is described for simultaneous voltammetric determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). It is based on the use of a nanomaterial composed of gold nanoparticles and 3-dimensional graphene (Au NP@3D GR). The 3D GR was prepared by chemical vapor deposition using nickel nanoparticles as the template at a temperature of around 900 °C.

Golf ball-like MoS nanosheet arrays anchored onto carbon nanofibers for electrochemical detection of dopamine.

Arrays of molybdenum(IV) disulfide nanosheets resembling the shape of golf balls (MoS NSBs) were deposited on carbon nanofibers (CNFs), which are shown to enable superior electrochemical detection of dopamine without any interference by uric acid. The MoS NSBs have a diameter of ∼ 2 μm and are made up of numerous bent nanosheets. MoS NSBs are connected by the CNFs through the center of the balls.

A linear nonribosomal octapeptide from Fusarium graminearum facilitates cell-to-cell invasion of wheat.

Fusarium graminearum is a destructive wheat pathogen. No fully resistant cultivars are available. Knowledge concerning the molecular weapons of F.

Wheat Coleoptile Inoculation by for Large-scale Phenotypic Analysis.

The ascomycete fungus is a destructive fungal pathogen of wheat, barley and maize. Although reverse genetics and homologous recombination gene deletion methods have generated thousands of gene deletion mutants of , evaluating virulence of these fungal mutants is still a rate-limiting step. Here we present a protocol for inoculation of wheat coleoptiles with conidial suspensions for large-scale phenotypic analysis, and describe how it can also be used to assess fungal infectious growth and symptom developmentat a cellular scale.