How can traditional Chinese medicine enhance the efficacy of antibiotics in the treatment of MRSA-infected pneumonia: An experimental study on the combination of Reyanning mixture (RYN) and linezolid.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Reyanning Mixture (RYN) is a Chinese patent medicine widely used in the treatment of respiratory inflammatory diseases in China and has potential in the treatment of bacteria-infected pneumonia.

Aim Of The Study: The present study aimed to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of RYN in combination with linezolid for the treatment of MRSA-infected pneumonia and to explore the mechanisms of action and active components.

Materials And Methods: The pharmacodynamics of RYN alone and in combination with linezolid was investigated in a rat model of MRSA-induced pneumonia.

Small Molecules Inducing Autophagic Degradation of Expanded Polyglutamine Protein through Interaction with Both Mutant ATXN3 and LC3.

Polyglutamine (polyQ)-mediated spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), including SCA1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 17, are caused by mutant genes with expanded CAG repeats, leading to the intracellular accumulation of aggregated proteins, the production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death. Among SCA, SCA3 is caused by a mutation in the ATXN3 (ataxin-3) gene. In a circumstance of polyQ aggregation, the autophagic pathway is induced to degrade the aggregated proteins, thereby suppressing downstream deleterious effects and promoting neuronal survival.

Enhancing chronic migraine preventive therapy: low-level 810 nm laser acupuncture as an add-on treatment for patients with unsatisfactory pharmacological effect, a pilot single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Laser acupuncture is a proven non-invasive treatment with effects comparable to traditional acupuncture in different types of headaches, but there is still insufficient evidence for chronic migraine (CM) in adults. We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of laser acupuncture (LA) as an add-on preventive therapy on CM.

Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted from January 2022 to November 2023.

[A multicenter study of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen, China].

Objectives: To investigate the incidence rate, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital, the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022. The incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.

Protective Effects of Coptis chinensis Rhizome Extract and Its Constituents (Berberine, Coptisine, and Palmatine) against α-Synuclein Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and the presence of α-synuclein-immunoreactive inclusions. Gaucher's disease is caused by homozygous mutations in β-glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA). GBA mutation carriers have an increased risk of PD.

Investigating the therapeutic effects of novel compounds targeting inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 signaling pathways in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

At least seven dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are caused by expansions of polyglutamine (polyQ)-encoding CAG repeat. The misfolded and aggregated polyQ-expanded proteins increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular toxicity, and neuroinflammation in the disease pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory potentials of coumarin derivatives LM-021, LMDS-1, LMDS-2, and pharmacological chaperone tafamidis using mouse BV-2 microglia and SCA3 ataxin-3 (ATXN3)/Q-GFP SH-SY5Y cells.

Coumarin-chalcone hybrid LM-021 and indole derivative NC009-1 targeting inflammation and oxidative stress to protect BE(2)-M17 cells against α-synuclein toxicity.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is featured mainly by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of α-synuclein-containing aggregates in the substantia nigra of brain. The α-synuclein fibrils and aggregates lead to increased oxidative stress and neural toxicity in PD. Chronic inflammation mediated by microglia is one of the hallmarks of PD pathophysiology.

[An improved paraffin embedding method for small core needle biopsy: technical introduction and evaluation].

Purpose: Modified agar pre-embedded paraffin embedding method was proposed to evaluate the effects on tissue integrity, histological morphology, protein and DNA detection in small specimens of core needle biopsies.

Methods: The core needle biopsy specimens of 10 patients with oral mucosal squamous cell carcinoma were subjected to modified agar pre-embedded paraffin embedding using molded embedding molds and conventional paraffin embedding respectively, the dehydration time of the former was 3.5 h and that of the latter was 12 h.

Effects of Self-Administered Acupressure on Fatigue Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Fatigue is a common symptom after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may persist for weeks or years. However, nonpharmacological management strategies for fatigue alleviations are almost nonexistent; thus, effective fatigue management programs are needed urgently.

Purposes: We aimed to evaluate the effects of self-administered acupressure programs on post-TBI fatigue and heart rate variability and identify the possible correlation between the improvements in fatigue symptoms and the changes in heart rate variability.

[Effect of nanoparticles of different stiffness combined with menthol/curcumol on mechanical properties of bEnd.3 cells].

This study aimed to investigate the effects of nanoparticles PLGA-NPs and mesoporous silicon nanoparticles(MSNs) of different stiffness before and after combination with menthol or curcumol on the mechanical properties of bEnd.3 cells. The particle size distributions of PLGA-NPs and MSNs were measured by Malvern particle size analyzer, and the stiffness of the two nanoparticles was quantified by atomic force microscopy(AFM).

Risk Factors and Prevalence of -Positive in Fecal Carriages Among Community Children in Southern Taiwan.

Colistin is the last resort antimicrobial for treating multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. The plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, , crucially influences colistin's resistance transmission. Human fecal carriages of -positive were detected in many regions worldwide; however, only a few studies have focused on children.

A new triarylindanone and a new isobenzofuranone derivative from .

A new triarylindanone, namely selagindanone A (), and a new isobenzofuranone (), 3,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)isobenzofuran-1(3)-one, were isolated from . Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses, including 1 D-, 2 D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS. Compound possesses a unique structural feature of triaryl-substituted in the skeleton of 1-indanone.

Factors affecting fecal excretion time in pediatric nontyphoid Salmonella infection.

Background: This study investigated whether the appropriate antibiotics therapy affects the fecal excretion time in pediatric salmonellosis of different severities and explored the factors associated with the fecal excretion time of nontyphoid Salmonella.

Methods: Between 2012 and 2017, admitted children with nontyphoid salmonellosis who consented to receive consecutive stool cultures every 4-7 days until 2 consecutive negative results were obtained were enrolled. Patients were stratified into no, appropriate (bacteremia or severe patients receiving antibiotics active in vitro), and inappropriate antibiotics (patients with mild or moderate severity receiving antibiotics or severe receiving antibiotics resistant in vitro) therapy groups.

Pathomechanism Characterization and Potential Therapeutics Identification for Parkinson's Disease Targeting Neuroinflammation.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons and the presence of α-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies. The unstructured α-synuclein forms insoluble fibrils and aggregates that result in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular toxicity in PD. Neuroinflammation engaged by microglia actively contributes to the pathogenesis of PD.

Pathomechanism characterization and potential therapeutics identification for SCA3 targeting neuroinflammation.

Polyglutamine (polyQ)-mediated spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are caused by mutant genes with expanded CAG repeats encoding polyQ tracts. The misfolding and aggregation of polyQ proteins result in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular toxicity. Inflammation is a common manifestation of oxidative stress and inflammatory process further reduces cellular antioxidant capacity.

Lactulose and Melibiose Inhibit α-Synuclein Aggregation and Up-Regulate Autophagy to Reduce Neuronal Vulnerability.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective dopaminergic (DAergic) neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN) and proteinaceous α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis. As a chemical chaperone to promote protein stability and an autophagy inducer to clear aggregate-prone proteins, a disaccharide trehalose has been reported to alleviate neurodegeneration in PD cells and mouse models. Its trehalase-indigestible analogs, lactulose and melibiose, also demonstrated potentials to reduce abnormal protein aggregation in spinocerebellar ataxia cell models.

New Synthetic 3-Benzoyl-5-Hydroxy-2-Chromen-2-One (LM-031) Inhibits Polyglutamine Aggregation and Promotes Neurite Outgrowth through Enhancement of CREB, NRF2, and Reduction of AMPK in SCA17 Cell Models.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) is caused by a CAG/CAA expansion mutation encoding an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in TATA-box binding protein (TBP), a general transcription initiation factor. Suppression of cAMP-responsive element binding protein- (CREB-) dependent transcription, impaired nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling, and interaction of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with increased oxidative stress have been implicated to be involved in pathogenic mechanisms of polyQ-mediated diseases. In this study, we demonstrated decreased pCREB and NRF2 and activated AMPK contributing to neurotoxicity in SCA17 SH-SY5Y cells.

Anti-p53 Autoantibody Detection in Automatic Glass Capillary Immunoassay Platform for Screening of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is one of the most common cancers worldwide, has been increasing. Serum anti-p53 autoantibody is one of the most sensitive biomarkers for OSCC. Currently, the most commonly used method on clinical screening platforms is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, owing to its high specificity and repeatability.

A new isoflavone glycoside from .

A new isoflavone glycoside named as 8--methylrelusin-7-O--D-apifuranosyl-(1→2)--D-glucopyranoside (), together with two known compounds, 8-O-methylrelusin-7-O--D-glucopyranoside () and isobiflorin (), were isolated from . The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS. This is the first report of isoflavone from .

Shaoyao Gancao Tang (SG-Tang), a formulated Chinese medicine, reduces aggregation and exerts neuroprotection in spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) cell and mouse models.

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 17 is an autosomal dominant ataxia caused by expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the TATA-box binding protein (TBP). Substantial studies have shown involvement of compromised mitochondria biogenesis regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), nuclear factor-Y subunit A (NFYA), and their downstream target genes in the pathogenesis of polyQ-expansion diseases. The extracts of () and () have long been used as a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM).

Effects of Stepwise Lung Recruitment Maneuvers in Patients with Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Since the clinical benefit of lung recruitment maneuvers (LRMs) is still conflicting, we performed this prospective, randomized, controlled study to investigate whether LRMs should be used in the routine management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This trial was conducted in four intensive care units (ICUs) to compare application of a modified stepwise LRMs with solely lung-protective ventilation in patients with moderate to severe ARDS within 72 h from the onset. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were ventilator-free days and ICU-free days.

Chinese herbal medicine reduces acute hepatitis exacerbation in patients with hepatitis B virus infection: A case-control study in Taiwan.

Objectives: Little information is available about the impact of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) treatment on acute exacerbation of hepatitis. This study aimed to assess the risk of acute exacerbation of hepatitis and subsequent cirrhosis and hepatoma in HBV patients with and without CHM use.

Design And Setting: This population-based case-control study used data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database from 2000 to 2013.

Targeting Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway with Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3.

Nine autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are caused by an abnormal expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats that encodes a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract within different genes. Accumulation of aggregated mutant proteins is a common feature of polyQ diseases, leading to progressive neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. SCA type 3 (SCA3), the most common form of SCA worldwide, is characterized by a CAG triplet expansion in chromosome 14q32.

Hydrogen sulfide primes diabetic wound to close through inhibition of NETosis.

Diabetes-induced neutrophil NETosis impairs wound healing through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2 and p38 is involved in NETosis. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous signaling molecule, accelerates diabetic wound healing (DWH), and inhibits ROS production, ERK1/2 and p38 activation, while its level is decreased in diabetes.