Substrate usage during prolonged exercise following a preexercise meal.

The effect of a high-carbohydrate meal 4 h before 105 min of exercise at 70% of maximal O2 uptake was determined in seven endurance-trained cyclists and compared with exercise following a 16-h fast. The preexercise meal produced a transient elevation of plasma insulin and blood glucose, which returned to fasting basal levels prior to the initiation of exercise. The meal also resulted in a 42% elevation (P less than 0.

Mucoid anaplastic hepatoblastoma. A case report.

A case of an unusual type of hepatoblastoma in a 5-month-old male infant is described. The tumor showed the following unusual features as compared with the epithelial and mixed types of hepatoblastoma: (1) The tumor cells presented a primitive anaplastic appearance without any resemblance in terms of cytologic features or arrangement to embryonal or fetal liver. (2) Abundant mucoid material containing acid mucopolysaccharide was present giving a slimy, gelatinous, gross appearance to the tumor and its metastases.

Variability in accumulation of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) in needles of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) following long-term budworm defoliation.

Long-term defoliation by budworms was associated with higher levels of soluble proanthocyanidins in the current year needles of Douglas-fir trees. The proanthocyanidin contents of needles from defoliated Douglas-fir trees were considerably more variable than those levels of undefoliated ones. The increased mean and variability of proanthocyanidin levels following defoliation may have interesting ecological consequences for Douglas-fir and its defoliators.

The effects of exercise training on [3H]-spiperone binding in rat striatum.

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats 100 days of age were divided into three groups: interval trained, endurance trained, and pair-weighted controls. Both trained groups ran up to one hour per day, 6 days per week for 12 weeks. The interval trained group ran up to 20 repeat intervals at 54 meters per minute for 30 seconds, while the endurance trained group ran at 27 meters per minute for 60 minutes.

Sequential bilateral nephroblastic tumors of different cell types in an infant. Possible effect of chemotherapy versus de novo origin.

A 14-month-old infant had a classical Wilms' tumor of the left kidney and subsequently developed a tumor showing predominantly mature mesenchymal elements and lack of cellular atypia in the right kidney. His father had classical Wilms' tumor of the left kidney. The various possibilities regarding the precise nature and mechanism of the development of the tumor in the right kidney are discussed.

Pulmonary fibrosis: a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.

A pediatric patient is reported who experienced fatal progressive pulmonary fibrosis as a complication of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) therapy. The patient received a cumulative dosage of 1.29 g (1.

Attenuation correction in gamma emission computed tomography.

A method of computing tomographic images from single photon radionuclide emission data is presented. The method takes into account attenuation of gamma rays inside the source and makes use of an iterative technique, based on the difference between the projection data obtained from the source and computed projections, called reprojections, from successive reconstructions of the sources. The method has been tested both by computer simulations and reconstruction of plastic phantoms imaged with 99mTc radionuclides.

Olfactory neuroblastoma. Response to combination chemotherapy.

A patient with olfactory neuroblastoma who had bone marrow metastasis at the time of diagnosis is presented. Previous therapy for this disease consisted of surgery and radiation. There is limited information relating to the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis following radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

There may be an increased frequency of slipped femoral epiphysis in pediatric patients who have received radiation to the pelvic area and combination chemotherapy. Previous reports include bilateral slipping of the epiphysis, eight years after radiation, in a patient with a pelvic neuroblastoma and the occurrence in a patient who had received radiation for Hodgkin disease, with a primary site in the pelvic region. No direct correlation was established in either case.

Childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia with a second primary neoplasm.

The occurrence of de novo cancer in renal transplant patients who have received immunosuppressive therapy has been noted. An increased incidence of second primary neoplasm (SPN) has been reported in adults with various forms of cancer. The incidence of SPN in childhood cancer is lower.

Chronic myelocytic leukemia terminating in blast cell crisis with lymphoblastic characteristics.

A child with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome positive, developed a non-T cell, non-B cell, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) during her blast cell crisis. The diagnosis was suggested by light microscopy and supported by histochemical stains and transmission electron microscopy. Immunologic studies showed the presence of a non-T, non-B leukemic blast population--indistinguishable from the most common form of ALL (null cell type).

Vitiligo, chronic thrombocytopenia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

A 12-year-old boy with vitiligo, chronic thrombocytopenia, and a Coombs's positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia was treated with oral psoralens and exposure to ultraviolet light. An acute hemolytic crisis developed and he died. The association of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and vitilligo should be looked for in other cases.

Hydatid disease in Whales: 1. Epidemiology.

The literature on the epidemiology of hydatid disease in domesticated animals in Wales is reviewed and the results of a recent survey in a restricted area of Mid Wales summarised. In this survey the epidemiology of hydatid disease was studied with a view to the formulation of methods of control.

A non-T, non-B human leukemia cell line (NALM-1): establishment of the cell line and presence of leukemia-associated antigens.

A permanent hematopoietic cell line, designated NALM-1, was established from the peripheral blood of a patient who was in blastic crisis of Ph1-positive chronic myleocytic leukemia. By means of a panel of specific xenoantisera, the NALM-1 cells were found to express a specific antigen of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and blast leukemia-associated antigen. The cells exhibited no cell-surface receptors for sheep erythrocytes, IgG, or complement; neither cell-surface immunoglobulins nor cytoplasmic immunoglobulin were observed.

The definitive treatment of children with acute leukemia.

Current therapy has resulted in improved prognosis in previously untreated children with acute lymphocytic leukemia less than 16 years of age. The induction phase of chemotherapy should include the use of at least prednisone and vincristine. This combination should result in a hematologic remission in about 90 per cent of the patients.

California encephalitis virus development in mosquitoes as revealed by transmission studies, immunoperoxidase staining, and electron microscopy.

Isolates of the snowshoe hare subtype of California encephalitis (CE) virus from Yukon mosquitoes during 1972 and 1973 were transmitted by bites of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes after 4 to 5 weeks of extrinsic incubation at 55 degrees F after intrathoracic injection, and the 1973 strain was transmitted after mosquitoes were fed virus and held for 3 to 4 weeks at 75 degrees F. Antigen of a 1971 isolate of CE virus (Marsh Lake 23) was detected in salivary glands of infected mosquitoes by the immunoperoxidase technique, using highly purified antiserum before and after conjugation with horseradish peroxidase, plus the use of orthotolidine as a substitute for benzidine. enveloped virions 45 nm in diameter were observed in thin sections of salivary glands of Culiseta inornata mosquitoes 59 days after intrathoracic injection with the 1971 isolate, afterincubation at 55 degrees F.

Sickle cell anaemia and the NBT test.

Patients with sickle cell anaemia have an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections Previous reports of false-negative nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) tests in the presence of bacteria infection and of a faulty phagocytic response following stimulation in vitro have suggested the possibility of polymorphonuclear dysfunction in certain patients with sickle cell anaemia. In the present study an unstimulated, histochemical NBT technique was used to evaluate the test in patients with sickle cell anaemia. There was a significant difference between the results in the group of patients with infection (mean NBT-positive cells 42.