DORSAL BRAINSTEM SYNDROME AND THE USE OF NEURALLY ADJUSTED VENTILATORY ASSIST (NAVA) IN AN INFANT.

Objective: To report a rare case of dorsal brainstem syndrome in an infant after hypoxic-ischemic episode due to severe sepsis and the use of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) to aid in diagnosis and in the removal of mechanical ventilation.

Case Description: A 2-month-old male infant, previously healthy, presented with severe sepsis that evolved to dorsal brainstem syndrome, which usually occurs after hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonates and infants, and is related to very specific magnetic resonance images. Due to neurological lesions, thei nfant remained in mechanical ventilation.

Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children: report of a hemophilia patient who survived due to a brain cyst.

We report the case of a 2-year-old child who survived an acute episode of severe spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage with clinical and radiological signs of intracranial hypertension and transtentorial herniation. The patient underwent emergency surgery to drain the hematoma, and a catheter was inserted to monitor intracranial pressure. In the initial computed tomography analysis performed prior to hematoma drainage, a brain cyst was evident contralateral to the hematoma, which, based on the analysis by the care team, possibly helped to avoid a worse outcome because the cyst accommodated the brain after the massive hemorrhage.

Case Report: Severe acute respiratory distress by tracheal obstruction due to a congenital thyroid teratoma.

Congenital teratoma is a rare condition and is a germ cell tumor composed of elements from one or more of the embryonic germ layers and contain tissues usually foreign to the anatomic site of origin. We report a case of a neck tumor diagnosed during pregnancy, initially thought to be a goiter. After birth the neck mass kept growing until it compressed the trachea and produced respiratory failure.

Case Report: Pulmonary Alveolar Calcification as a Result of Severe Hypercalcemia due to Acute Lymphoblatic Leukemia.

Severe hypercalcemia is a rare metabolic disorder in pediatric medicine. This report describes a rare case of severe hypercalcemia and its clinical manifestations in a 2-year-old toddler. The radiological findings caused by hypercalcemia and osteolysis were emblematic of the osteolytic lesions.