Serum BMP-2 and osteocalcin levels, and CT Hounsfield unit post hyperbaric oxygen therapy in patients with cleft lip and palate post alveolar bone graft: A case study.

Background: This study investigated the levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), osteocalcin, and 3D CT Hounsfield units following hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) undergoing alveolar bone grafts to provide a pilot evaluation of the role of HBOT in osteogenesis.

Methods: This prospective, quasi-experimental, pre-post-intervention study evaluated seven patients with CLP receiving HBOT after single-stage reconstructions with alveolar bone grafts. The outcomes included the serum levels of BMP-2 and osteocalcin and the 3D CT Hounsfield units obtained before and after the surgery, and after the five HBOT sessions, to a total of 12 measurements.

Evaluation of long-term results following surgical correction of frontoethmoidal encephalomeningocele.

Introduction: Frontoethmoidal encephalomeningocele (FEEM) is a neural tube defect with herniation of intracranial contents through the anterior skull base at the foramen cecum. Management is surgical and aims to remove the excess meningoencephalocele tissue and perform facial reconstruction.

Case Presentation: We report on two cases of FEEM that presented to our department.

Facial Fractures in Indigenous and Non-indigenous Populations of South Australia.

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma in indigenous populations is complex with sociocultural factors, access to health care, and poorer general health issues that impact outcomes. Assaults and road traffic accidents are disproportionately experienced by indigenous persons compared with non-indigenous.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted from January 2012 to January 2017 at the Women and Children's Hospital and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide.

A comparative analysis of associated injuries in the elderly and youth for facial fractures.

Introduction: High-velocity and high-impact forces can yield life-threatening injuries that are not only limited to the face but can involve other regions of the body. Associated injuries are more frequent in the elderly impacting management and outcomes. The primary objective was to study the association between associated injuries and age groups by identifying epidemiological trends and differences among the elderly and younger population.

Pediatric Facial Fractures in South Australia: Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes.

Introduction: Facial fractures of children are relatively infrequent compared to adults. There are variations in facial fractures depending on the socioeconomic, cultural, and educational factors of the country and time. Our aim is to describe epidemiological trends of facial fractures in the pediatric population, understand differences amongst the age groups, and the impact this has on clinical outcomes and management in South Australia.

Patterns of Mandibular Fractures in South Australia: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction: The mandible is one of the most common facial bones to be injured with great clinical variability across countries caused by assaults, road traffic accidents, and falls.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for adult mandibular fractures from January 2012 to January 2017 at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide. Our aim was to describe epidemiological trends of mandibular fractures, differences for sex and age, and clinical outcomes.

Apert Syndrome: Outcomes From the Australian Craniofacial Unit's Birth to Maturity Management Protocol.

The complex, progressive, multisystem nature of Apert syndrome presents many challenges to managing surgeons. Based on the pioneering work of Paul Tessier, the senior author developed a multidisciplinary birth to maturity management protocol for Apert syndrome. Between 1975 and 2014 the Australian Craniofacial Unit has treated 174 Apert syndrome patients and 28 have completed full protocol management.

From birth to maturity: midline tessier 0-14 craniofacial cleft patients who have completed protocol management at a single craniofacial unit.

Introduction: The rare craniofacial clefts form an important component of craniofacial pathology, but little has been written regarding the definitive management of affected patients. This report describes the presentation, management, and outcomes in a group of patients who have completed their protocol management for treatment of midline Tessier 0-14 clefts.

Methods: A retrospective review of the clinical, photographic, and radiographic records of all midline cleft patients treated at a single center was performed.

Management of isolated fractures of the medial orbital wall.

The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively review the management and outcome of patients treated by the Australian Craniofacial Unit (ACFU) for isolated fractures of the medial orbital wall. A retrospective medical record review of patients treated between 2008 and 2012 was performed. Ethical approval was granted by the ethics committee of the Women's and Children's Hospital.

Intellectual outcomes following protocol management in Crouzon, Pfeiffer, and Muenke syndromes.

Patients with craniosynostosis syndromes are traditionally managed by a dedicated craniofacial unit. Optimal long-term management of these anomalies is unclear, but in the Australian Craniofacial Unit, it involves ongoing care by an integrated multidisciplinary team, following a protocol that commences at birth and continues until the patient reaches skeletal maturity. The Australian Craniofacial Unit has, for the last 35 years, collected a significant series of patients with these conditions who have completed management from birth to maturity.

Infective aortitis associated with the nonpatent remnant of a ductus arteriosus.

Infective aortitis is a rare condition, which occurs most commonly in association with some form of structural abnormality of the heart or vessel wall. We describe the successful excision of an infected, nonpatent remnant of the ductus arteriosus.