Activity of outpatient intravenous interleukin-2 and famotidine in metastatic clear cell kidney cancer.

Outpatient daily intravenous infusions of interleukin-2 (IL-2) have been developed to maintain anticancer activity and decrease toxicity of this agent against kidney cancer. Lymphokine activated killer cell (LAK) numbers are increased with these IL-2 schedules. Famotidine may enhance the LAK activity by increasing IL-2 internalization by the IL-2 receptor on lymphocytes.

Outpatient intravenous interleukin-2 with famotidine has activity in metastatic melanoma.

Unlabelled: Daily short intravenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) infusions have been developed to decrease toxicity while maintaining the anticancer activity of this agent against melanoma. Such IL-2 schedules have previously been shown to promote lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) activity. Famotidine may increase LAK activity by increasing IL-2 internalization by the IL-2 receptor on lymphocytes.

Pulse interleukin-2 with famotidine induces CD56+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic melanoma or kidney cancer.

Increased lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell numbers and cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines have been seen in patients receiving high-dose continuous and bolus infusion interleukin-2 (IL-2) regimens. LAK are CD56 positive on flow cytometry. Daily intravenous doses of IL-2 of 18-21.

A Case of Chronic Conjunctivitis following Rituximab Therapy.

The activity of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with relatively minimal toxicity has been well established. Adverse effects such as low-grade fever, urticaria, bronchospasm, sporadic tachycardia, and hypotension have been described. However, only a single case of rituximab-related, transient conjunctivitis has been documented in literature.

High-dose intensity pulse interleukin-2 with famotidine in metastatic kidney cancer.

Lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) activity against tumor cell lines may be induced by intravenous (i.v.) interleukin-2 (IL-2).

Activity of continuous infusion + pulse interleukin-2 with famotidine in metastatic melanoma.

High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2), given via continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion, induces lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell cytotoxicity against tumor cells.

High-dose intensity pulse interleukin-2 with famotidine has activity in metastatic melanoma.

Daily short intravenous (i.v.) infusions (pulses) of interleukin-2 (IL-2) have been developed to decrease toxicity while maintaining anticancer activity of this agent against melanoma.

Low-dose cyclophosphamide and continuous-infusion interleukin-2 with famotidine in previously treated metastatic melanoma or kidney cancer.

Unlabelled: The cytotoxic ability of T-cells against tumor cells may be increased by interleukin (IL)-2. The infiltration of tumors by these cytotoxic T-cells may be enhanced by low-dose cyclophosphamide, which may also serve to deplete regulatory T-cells. Famotidine may increase IL-2 internalization by the IL-2 receptor on T-lymphocytes.

Continuous infusion interleukin-2 and intravenous famotidine in metastatic melanoma.

Lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) cytotoxicity against tumor cells is induced by the use of high-dose infusional interleukin-2 (IL-2). LAK cytotoxicity against neoplastic cells may be augmented by famotidine. Twelve (12) patients have been treated with continuous infusion IL-2 (18 MIU/m2/24 hours) for 72 hours and famotidine 20 mg IVPB twice per day.

Continuous infusion interleukin-2 and famotidine in metastatic kidney cancer.

Infusional interleukin-2 (IL-2) is able to elicit lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) cytotoxicity against kidney cancer in vitro and in vivo. Famotidine may be able to augment LAK cytotoxicity against neoplastic cells. Fifteen (15) patients were treated with continuous-infusion IL-2 (9-18 MIU/m2/24 hours) for 72 hours and famotidine 20 mg intravenously twice per day.

Activity of continuous infusion plus pulse interleukin-2 with famotidine in patients with metastatic kidney cancer or melanoma previously treated with interleukin-2.

Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells generated by high-dose continuous infusion interleukin-2 (IL-2) are able to nonspecifically lyse melanoma and kidney cancer cells. In vitro famotidine enhances cytotoxicity of LAK against tumor cells, possibly by increasing IL-2 uptake at the IL-2 receptor on lymphocytes. Outpatient IL-2 regimens typically have response rates of 15% or less, with most patients eventually experiencing progressive disease.

Continuous infusion interleukin-2 and antihistamines in metastatic kidney cancer.

A prior randomized trial suggested a possible survival advantage favoring the combination of histamine and subcutaneous interleukin-2 (IL-2), compared to IL-2 alone in patients with metastatic melanoma. It has been postulated previously that antihistamines may, therefore, actually be antagonistic to IL-2 and thus interfere with its antitumor activity. We have previously shown no such antagonistic effect in patients with melanoma receiving IL-2 and antihistamines when reviewing the known literature.

Correlation between development of pulmonary edema and response of pulmonary metastases of metastatic melanoma and kidney cancer to high-dose continuous-infusion interleukin-2.

The administration of high-dose continuous intravenous infusion interleukin-2 (IL-2) is able to induce the presence of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. LAK are able to nonspecifically lyse tumor cells. They are also able to lyse endothelial cells, which accounts for, at least in part, the capillary leak syndrome seen as one of the toxicities with this therapy.

Bolus followed by continuous infusion interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma and kidney cancer previously treated with interleukin-2.

Six patients with either melanoma (3) or kidney cancer (3) who had experienced disease progression on outpatient interleukin-2 regimens were subsequently treated with inpatient bolus Interleukin-2 (IL-2) 36 MIU/m(2) followed by continuous infusion IL-2 18 MIU/m(2)/day for 3 days. Cycles were repeated every 2 weeks up to four times, then every 3-4 weeks if tolerated and in the absence of disease progression. Two patients (one each with kidney cancer and melanoma) have achieved partial responses.

Outpatient experience with moderate dose bolus interleukin-2 in metastatic malignant melanoma and kidney cancer.

Twenty patients with either melanoma ( 7) or kidney cancer ( 13) were treated with outpatient bolus interleukin (IL)-2 18-22 MIU/m2 IVPB for 3 consecutive days for 6 consecutive weeks followed by a 2-week rest break (on an 8-week cycle). Patient characteristics included 16 males/4 females, eleven patients had received no prior systemic therapy, median ECOG performance status = 1, and most common disease sites being lung, lymph node, subcutaneous, bone, and liver. Two patients with melanoma (29% response rate) (95% CI: 8-64%) and two with kidney cancer (15%) (95% CI: 3-43%) have achieved partial responses.