Treatment of mild to moderate Graves' ophthalmopathy with sodium diclofenac: a pilot study.

Objective: To report the use of sodium diclofenac, an antagonist of PPAR-gamma and cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in the treatment of mild to moderate Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Subjects And Methods: Thirteen patients with clinical activity score (CAS) 2 to 7 were treated during a period ranging from 3 to 12 months (mean 7.8 ± 3.

Factitious thyrotoxicosis induced by mesotherapy: a case report.

Context: Mesotherapy consists of cutaneous injections of a mixture of compounds and has recently been used for cosmetic purposes to reduce local fat and cellulite. To date, several reports have described only local adverse events related to this therapy. We describe the first report of a female patient who developed thyrotoxicosis due to cosmetic mesotherapy with triiodothyroacetic acid in its formulation.

[A comparative study between the results of antro-ethmoidal orbital decompression isolated and associated with orbital fat removal].

Purpose: To compare the results of isolated antral-ethmoidal orbital decompression and that associated with orbital fat removal in patients with dysthyroid orbitopathy.

Methods: Nineteen isolated antral-ethmoidal orbital decompressions were performed in a group of 12 patients (19 orbits) with the diagnosis of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in the quiescent stage. The same procedure, but in association with orbital fat removal, were performed in another group of 8 patients (10 orbits) also with the diagnosis of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in the quiescent stage.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma gene expression in orbital adipose/connective tissues is increased during the active stage of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

The mechanisms involved in the increase of orbital retro-ocular adipose tissue that occurs in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) are still unclear. In this condition, the orbital tissue shows glycosaminoglycans deposition produced by activated fibroblasts capable of undergoing adipocytic differentiation. Many genes are involved in adipogenic mechanisms including the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma).

Surgical treatment of endocrine exophthalmos by removal of orbital fat: clinical experience.

Purpose: To report a series of 73 patients with endocrine exophthalmos treated by removal of orbital fat using the transpalpebral approach during the period 1989 to 1999.

Methods: The operation was performed according to the technique described by Olivari. Aesthetic analysis was done preoperatively and postoperatively (more than 6 months after surgery).

Zinc supplementation does not inhibit basal and metoclopramide-stimulated prolactinemia secretion in healthy men.

Dopamine (DA) and zinc (Zn++) share common mechanisms in their inhibition of prolactin (PRL) secretion. Both substances are present in the same brain areas, where Zn++ is released together with DA, suggesting a modulatory effect of Zn++ on dopaminergic receptors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Zn++ supplementation on basal and PRL secretion stimulated by metoclopramide (MCP), a dopaminergic antagonist.

Severe and mild neonatal hypothyroidism mediate opposite effects on Leydig cells of rats.

The effects of neonatal hypothyroidism on the number of Leydig cells were studied in neonatal Wistar rats. Moderate or severe hypothyroidism were induced during neonatal life by giving different amounts of methimazole (MMI; 0.05% or 0.