Osseointegration and fixation opportunities of sacroiliac instrumentation: a preclinical evaluation in a large animal model.

Background: Implant fixation is often the cornerstone of musculoskeletal surgical procedures performed to provide bony fixation and/or fusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate how different design features and manufacturing methods influence implant osseointegration and mechanical properties associated with fixation in a standardized model in cancellous bone of adult sheep.

Methods: We evaluated the performance of three titanium alloy implants: (A) iFuse-TORQ implant; (B) Fenestrated Sacroiliac Device; and (C) Standard Cancellous Bone Screw in the cancellous bone of the distal femur and proximal tibia in 8 sheep.

Optimization of 3D-printed titanium interbody cage design. Part 2: An in vivo study of spinal fusion in sheep.

Background Context: 3D-printed titanium cage designs can incorporate complex, porous features for bone ingrowth and a greater surface area for minimizing subsidence. In a companion study (Part 1), we determined that increased surface area leads to decreased subsidence; however, it remains unclear how increasing the cage surface area, resulting in a smaller graft aperture, influences fusion.

Purpose: We evaluated the effects of surface area of 3D-printed titanium cages and the use of autologous bone grafts on spinal fusion in sheep.

Caregiver Feedback on Services in Children's Advocacy Centers: How Does it Differ by Caregiver Language and Child Race-Ethnicity, Gender and Age?

This study analyzed caregiver feedback regarding referrals, service use, and wanting additional services using a standardized survey completed by 1,585 caregivers at 260 Children's Advocacy Centers. Most caregivers were referred to counseling or support services for their child (84%). Caregivers who completed the survey in Spanish were significantly more likely to receive referral information for themselves, have children use the services, use the services themselves, report being on waiting lists, want additional services for their child, and believe staff could have done something additional compared to caregivers who completed it in English.

Online commercial sexual exploitation of children in a national victim survey.

Objective: To describe the characteristics and consequences of online commercial sexual exploitation of children using a nationally representative sample.

Method: The online survey sample comprised 2,639 respondents aged 18-28 from the KnowledgePanel maintained by the survey research firm Ipsos.

Results: Fifty-eight respondents or a weighted 1.

Obtaining source material for cellular agriculture.

Cellular Agriculture (CellAg) is an attractive concept for innovative technology with the intent to provide food and nutrition complementary to existing supply streams. The past decade has seen considerable progress in the field with advancement of cellular technology that delivers the initial building blocks for meaningful implementation. The availability of natural cell-based material that can serve as nutrient-filled source for human consumption at low cost is a critical challenge for the emerging cellular agriculture industry.

A Narrative Review on Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2: Where Are We Now?

Spinal fusion is a prevalent surgical intervention for degenerative spinal diseases, with increasing demand driven by ageing populations. The coexistence of multiple chronic conditions, termed multimorbidity, often complicates surgical outcomes, making advanced bone grafts crucial for successful fusions. This paper reviews the development, clinical application, and controversies surrounding the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in spinal fusion surgeries.

In vivo Assessment of AMP2, a Novel Ceramic-Binding BMP-2, in Ovine Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: Assessment of bone formation in an ovine interbody fusion study.

Objective: To compare OsteoAdapt SP, which consists of AMP-2, a modified variant of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) bound to a tricalcium phosphate-containing carrier, to autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) in a lumbar interbody fusion model.

Summary Of Background Data: Treatment of lumbar disk degeneration often involves spinal fusion to reduce pain and motion at the affected spinal segment by insertion of a cage containing bone graft material.

Characterization of an advanced bone graft material with a nanocrystalline hydroxycarbanoapatite surface and dual phase composition.

The bone formation response of ceramic bone graft materials can be improved by modifying the material's surface and composition. A unique dual-phase ceramic bone graft material with a nanocrystalline, hydroxycarbanoapatite (HCA) surface and a calcium carbonate core (TrelCor®-Biogennix, Irvine, CA) was characterized through a variety of analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the TrelCor surface (magnification 100-100,000X) clearly demonstrated a nanosized crystalline structure covering the entire surface.

Implant Strength Contributes to the Osseointegration Strength of Porous Metallic Materials.

Creating the optimal environment for effective and long term osseointegration is a heavily researched and sought-after design criteria for orthopedic implants. A validated multimaterial finite element (FE) model was developed to replicate and understand the results of an experimental in vivo push-out osseointegration model. The FE model results closely predicted global force (at 0.

Porous Cage Macro-Topography Improves Early Fusion Rates in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Objectives: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) aims to improve pain, relieve neural compression, achieve rapid solid bony arthrodesis, and restore cervical alignment. Bony fusion occurs as early as 3 months and up to 24 months after ACDF. The correlations between bony fusion and clinical outcomes after ACDF remain unclear.

Anterior cruciate ligament zoobiquity: Can man's best friend tell us we are being too cautious with the implementation of osteotomy to correct posterior tibial slope.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is used to treat clinical instability post ACL rupture, however, there is a high rate of incomplete return to sport and rerupture. There is increasing interest in posterior tibial slope as an intrinsic risk factor for ACLR failure and persistent instability. Zoobiquity describes the collaboration between the human and veterinary professions in order to advance the scientific understanding of both fields.

The influence of polyimide MP-1™ wear particles on a rodent closed fracture healing model.

Joint replacements provide pain free movement for the injured or our aging population. Current prothesis mainly consist of hard metal on metal, or ceramic femoral head on ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In this study, a rodent fracture model was used to test the influence of wear debris from a high-performance polymer (polyimide MP-1™).

Pedicle screw pull-out testing in polyurethane foam blocks: Effect of block orientation and density.

Synthetic bone models such as polyurethane (PU) foam are a well-established substitute to cadaveric bone for screw pull-out testing; however, little attention has been given to the effect of PU foam anisotropy on orthopaedic implant testing. Compressive and screw pull-out performance in three PU foam densities; 0.16 g/cm (PCF 10), 0.

Lateral fenestration of lumbar intervertebral discs in rabbits: development and characterisation of an in vivo preclinical model with multi-modal endpoint analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the biological and biomechanical effects of fenestration/microdiscectomy in an in vivo rabbit model, and in doing so, create a preclinical animal model of IVDD.

Methods: Lateral lumbar IVD fenestration was performed in vivo as single- (L3/4; n = 12) and multi-level (L2/3, L3/4, L4/5; n = 12) fenestration in skeletally mature 6-month-old New Zealand White rabbits. Radiographic, micro-CT, micro-MRI, non-destructive robotic range of motion, and histological evaluations were performed 6- and 12-weeks postoperatively.

Effect of gamma irradiation and supercritical carbon dioxide sterilization with Novakill™ or ethanol on the fracture toughness of cortical bone.

Sterilization of structural bone allografts is a critical process prior to their clinical use in large cortical bone defects. Gamma irradiation protocols are known to affect tissue integrity in a dose dependent manner. Alternative sterilization treatments, such as supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO ), are gaining popularity due to advantages such as minimal exposure to denaturants, the lack of toxic residues, superior tissue penetration, and minor impacts on mechanical properties including strength and stiffness.

Characteristics and Dynamics of Cyberstalking Victimization Among Juveniles and Young Adults.

Using the nationally representative Ipsos online KnowledgePanel, the sample included three hundred thirty-six 18- to 28-year-olds who retrospectively reported first cyberstalking incidents as juveniles (9- to 17-year-olds) or adults. Half of the sample first experienced cyberstalking as juveniles and half first experienced it as adults. Juveniles were more likely to have more than two perpetrators in the same episode, to experience more violent threats, and to avoid people because of what happened.

Influence of polarized light, disruptive visual patterns, and chemical cues on oviposition in the aquatic midge, Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae).

Chironomid nonbiting midges are common in many waterbodies, occurring at high densities in sediment and also when flying adults emerge. Although important for food webs and ecosystem processes, the mass emergences of chironomid adults make some species nuisance pests. As part of an effort to develop "push-pull" strategies for managing midge populations, we investigated the importance of visual and chemical cues used by gravid females when selecting sites for oviposition.

Comparison of three methods for nucleus pulposus volume measurement in rabbit lumbar spines: a preclinical model for measurement of the effectiveness of prophylactic intervertebral disk fenestration in dogs.

Objective: Compare 3 methods of nucleus pulposus (NP) volume measurement using the rabbit lumbar spines as a preclinical model to determine the effectiveness of prophylactic intervertebral disk fenestration in dogs.

Animals: Twelve 9-month-old, skeletally mature female entire New Zealand White rabbits weighing between 3.5 to 4.

Including Patient Voices in Continuing Medical Education: One Provider's Experience.

In 2021, UpToDate began offering continuing medical education (CME) planned and delivered by patients. The patient-authored medical topic reviews focus on lessons learned from interactions with the healthcare system and emphasise quality of life for those living with specific conditions. Having access to the patient voice at the point of care provides clinicians with a perspective that can improve patient-provider communication and promote shared decision-making.

Antimicrobial Peptidomimetics Prevent the Development of Resistance against Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin in Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas Bacteria.

Bacteria readily acquire resistance to traditional antibiotics, resulting in pan-resistant strains with no available treatment. Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge and without the development of effective antimicrobials, the foundation of modern medicine is at risk. Combination therapies such as antibiotic-antibiotic and antibiotic-adjuvant combinations are strategies used to combat antibiotic resistance.

Telehealth through the pandemic at a safety net hospital: observations and next steps for cancer care delivery.

The COVID-19 pandemic revolutionized cancer care delivery leading to rapid adoption of digital technology for telehealth in the United States. In this study, we describe telehealth utilization trends across the three largest waves of the pandemic at a safety net academic center. We also provide a perspective on lessons learnt and our vision for cancer care delivery using digital technology in the near future.