A cost-effective method for the sensitive detection of levofloxacin using a 3D composite electrode composed of nail polish, graphite and aluminium oxide.

The potential impact on human health and the environment has spurred significant interest in detecting and quantifying pharmaceutical compounds across various matrices, from environmental to biological samples. Here, we present an electrochemical approach for determining levofloxacin in drug, synthetic urine, water, and breast milk samples. An affordable sensor was constructed using 3D printing and composite material based on nail polish, graphite, and aluminum oxide.

Simultaneous monitoring of amoxicillin and paracetamol in synthetic biological fluids using a 3D printed disposable electrode with a lab-made conductive filament.

In this work, we are pleased to present for the first time a 3D-printed electrochemical device using a lab-made conductive filament based on graphite (Gr) and polylactic acid (PLA) polymer matrix for the simultaneous detection of amoxicillin (AMX) and paracetamol (PAR). The sensor was properly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the superior performance of the 3D-Gr/PLA electrode was verified with a 3.

Cost-effective protocol to produce 3D-printed electrochemical devices using a 3D pen and lab-made filaments to ciprofloxacin sensing.

A novel conductive filament based on graphite (Gr) dispersed in polylactic acid polymer matrix (PLA) is described to produce 3D-electrochemical devices (Gr/PLA). This conductive filament was used to additively manufacture electrochemical sensors using the 3D pen. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that Gr was successfully incorporated into PLA, achieving a composite material (40:60% w/w, Gr and PLA, respectively), while Raman and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of defects and a high porosity on the electrode surface, which contributes to improved electrochemical performance.

Electrochemical monitoring of levofloxacin using a silver nanoparticle-modified disposable device based on a lab-made conductive ink.

The emergence of bacteria genetically resistant to first- and second-generation fluoroquinolones has resulted in increased consumption of levofloxacin (LEV) in human and veterinary medicine. In this regard, the development of low cost and good sensitivity electrochemical devices has been highly required. Thus, in this work, we propose the development of a disposable electrochemical device (DED) using a lab-made conductive ink based on graphite powder and nail polish immobilized on a rigid polyvinyl chloride support (transparent sheet).

Development of a 3D disposable device for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac in different matrices.

In this work, the development of a disposable electrochemical device (US$ 0.02 per electrode) using a 3D printed support (3Ds) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) insulating filament with a composite material (CM) based on graphite and nail polish, immobilized on the support surface, was described for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac (DCF). The device was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance with approximately 1.

A pencil graphite-based disposable device for electrochemical monitoring of sulfanilamide in honey and water samples.

The present paper reports a simple, fast, and inexpensive process of manufacturing a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) from widely available materials, which showed a reproducibility of at least 7.5%. The electrode was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance for sulfanilamide (SFA) with approximately 3.