Gait Velocity Alterations in Essential Tremor: a Meta-Analysis.

Essential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder that impairs gait function, including gait speed - a critical marker of mobility disability and adverse outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify differences in gait speed between individuals diagnosed with ET compared to people without a movement disorder diagnosis. Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing gait speed in ET patients and controls.

Characterizing risk factors for infection of Mycobacterium bovis between wild pigs and domestic cattle from an outbreak response - California, 1961-1967.

In the United States (US), a national control program from bovine tuberculosis (bTB) has been successful at greatly reducing the incidence of Mycobacterium bovis infection in domestic cattle and mitigating exposure to humans. However, experience in many countries, including the US, has demonstrated that eradication of animal tuberculosis (TB) from wildlife can complicate disease control programs. Wild pigs may serve as an important maintenance species for TB, contributing to outbreaks in cattle and hampering disease control programs.

Phase II Study of Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab in a Treatment-Naïve Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Population Enriched for High-Risk Disease.

Purpose: The AMPLIFY trial recently established fixed-duration acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab (AVO) as a new standard-of-care option for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with wild-type ; however, due to the chemoimmunotherapy control arm, AMPLIFY excluded patients with high-risk aberration, for whom current standards of care are continuous Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or alternatively fixed-duration venetoclax-based doublets. AVO has not previously been evaluated in patients with CLL with aberration.

Methods: This investigator-sponsored, multicenter, phase II study enrolled patients with treatment-naïve CLL enriched for high-risk CLL, defined by aberration (ClinicalTrials.

Clinical trials in neuromodulatory treatment of drug-resistant hypertension and the need for spinal cord stimulation trials: a PRISMA systematic review.

Background: Drug-resistant hypertension affects approximately 9-18% of the United States hypertensive population. Recognized as hypertension that is resistant to three or more medications, drug-resistant hypertension can lead to fatal sequelae, such as heart failure, aortic dissection, and other vast systemic disease. The disruption of the homeostatic mechanisms that stabilize blood pressure can be treated procedurally when medication fails.

A Comprehensive Model of Community Violence Exposure Outcomes Using an Ecological Systems Framework.

Community violence (CV) is associated with negative psychosocial outcomes, such as posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and anger; however, many individuals also exhibit resilience. Considering the multifinality of outcomes following CV and guided by Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems framework, the current study sought to examine individual, microsystem, and exosystem level factors in relation to PTSS, anger, and resilience. Participants were 536 emerging adults ( = 20.

Taking a systems approach to promote posttraumatic growth: A position paper.

As health systems emerge from the pandemic, academic medical centres are motivated to have a healthy and resilient workforce. In the face of the collective traumas of the pandemic, we took a systems approach to infuse wellness into our culture by modelling collective recovery in a non-traditional town hall. Over a dozen senior leaders, faculty, staff, and students shared their personal experiences in a virtual forum, nearly 1000 attendees communally supported one another.

Cross-tissue, age-specific flow cytometry reference for immune cells in airway and blood of children.

Background: Respiratory diseases are a common cause of morbidity and hospitalization for children. Despite this, treatment options are limited and are often ineffective. The development of curative or disease-modifying treatments for children relies on a better understanding of underlying immunity in the early airway.

The Promises and Potential Pitfalls of Highway Reclamation for Population Health: A Research Framework.

Highway reclamation (i.e., the removal of highways or placing existing highways underground to create mixed-use urban areas) is being implemented around the United States, often touting co-benefits for population health.

Developing a Screening Strategy to Identify Hepatotoxicity and Drug Interaction Potential of Botanicals.

Botanical supplements, herbal remedies, and plant-derived products are used globally. However, botanical dietary supplements are rarely subjected to robust safety testing unless there are adverse reports in post-market surveillance. Botanicals are complex and difficult to assess using current frameworks designed for single constituent substances (e.

Exploring age-related differences in the relationship between spatial and temporal contributions to step length asymmetry during split-belt adaptation.

Gait adaptability is crucial for meeting environmental demands, and impaired gait adaptation increases fall risk, particularly in older adults. While prior research exists on older adults' gait adaptation, particularly in perturbation studies, the specific contributions of temporal and spatial adaptation strategies to step length asymmetry (SLA) during split-belt treadmill walking require further examination. This study fills this gap by evaluating how distinct adaptation strategies contribute to SLA in healthy young and older adults.

Tooth loss during long-term periodontal therapy in specialized practices - a retrospective cohort study from a periodontal practice-based research network (Perio-PBRN).

Objectives: To investigate tooth-specific, clinical tooth-, and patient-related factors associated with tooth loss (TL) in patients with mild to severe periodontitis treated in a periodontal practice-based research network (Perio-PBRN) over at least 5 years.

Materials And Methods: The Perio-PBRN consists of five German periodontal practices where clinical data were collected regarding patient age, tooth type, bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket probing depth (PPD), furcation involvement (FI), number of attended appointments, and other variables of interest. The data were evaluated regarding factors influencing TL.

Exploration of patients' and healthcare professionals' perspectives on kidney failure risk and the use of the kidney failure risk equation in MULTIPle lOng-term condItions aNd frailTy (MULTIPOINT) study: a qualitative interview and focus group study protocol.

Introduction: Clinical guidelines recommend the use of the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) to guide the referral of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to secondary kidney care services. People living with CKD frequently experience multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) and/or frailty. This may impact patients' or carers' perceptions of kidney failure in the context of other health problems and associated risks and emphasises the need for shared decision-making.

Protocol for the generation of single-nuclei RNA-seq libraries and quantification of heterogeneous cell types activated during social interaction.

Quantifying immediate early gene expression as a marker of cellular activity in single-nuclei RNA sequencing data allows for the identification of neurons involved in specific behaviors. Here, we present a protocol for generating single-nuclei libraries from the mouse brain and identifying active cell populations following social interactions. We describe steps for the dissection, preparation, and analysis of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum.

A Method for Electrical Stimulus Artifact Removal Exploiting Neural Refractoriness: Validation by Contrasting Cathodic and Anodic Stimulation.

Objective: To present a novel method for removing stimulus transient that exploits the absolute refractory period of electrically excitable neural tissues.

Background: Electrical stimulation often generates significant signal artifacts that can obscure important physiological signals. Removal of the artifact and understanding latent information from these signals could provide objective measures of circuit engagement, potentially driving advancements in neuromodulation research and therapies.

Pointing to success: a discussion of the role of professional achievements in the selection of specialist surgical trainees.

Background: In Australia and New Zealand, competitive selection processes for surgical specialty training programs often use a standardized curriculum vitae (CV) to assess criteria such as professional achievements. This review aims to assess the predictive validity, standardization, and implicit biases of these selection methods, as well as their implications for trainees and the diversity of surgical cohorts.

Methods: The 2023 CV scoring criteria were collected for all available specialty surgical programs in Australia and New Zealand.

Examining the impact of brief couples-based posttraumatic stress disorder treatments on anger and psychological aggression in veterans and their partners.

Anger can adversely impact functioning in veterans. Psychological aggression, which is related to but distinct from anger, is particularly detrimental to veterans' mental health. Research examining anger and psychological aggression following individual therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has demonstrated small effect sizes.

Directional Stimulus-Evoked Pallidal Electrophysiology in Primary Dystonia.

Background: Deep brain stimulation for dystonia improves motor symptoms but variable and delayed responses challenge patient selection, targeting, and device programming.

Case Report: Here we studied intracranial electrophysiology in a patient with primary dystonia and observed evoked resonant neural activity (ERNA) in the globus pallidus interna. These local stimulus-evoked potentials displayed refractory periods and paired-pulse facilitation at clinically relevant interstimulus intervals.

Biomarkers to predict and diagnose pulmonary complications in children post haematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Objectives: Haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is a cellular therapy for a group of high-risk children with cancer, immunodeficiency and metabolic disorders. Whilst curative for a child's underlying condition, HCT has significant risks associated, including lung injury. These complications are associated with increased post HCT mortality and require improved methods of risk stratification, diagnosis and treatment.

Pulmonary complications post allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant in children.

Objectives: Haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) is a cellular therapy that, whilst curative for a child's underlying disease, carries significant risk of mortality, including because of pulmonary complications. The aims of this study were to describe the burden of pulmonary complications post-HCT in a cohort of Australian children and identify risk factors for the development of these complications.

Methods: Patients were identified from the HCT databases at two paediatric transplant centres in Australia.

Multimodal therapy and use of adjunctive therapies to BoNT-A in spasticity management: defining terminology to help enhance spasticity treatment.

Spasticity management should be provided within the context of a comprehensive person-centered rehabilitation program. Furthermore, active goal setting for specific spasticity interventions is also important, with a well-established "more is better" approach. It is critical to consider adjunctive therapy and multimodal approaches if patients are not attaining their treatment goals.