A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Families Addressing Cancer Together for Parents With Cancer: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effects.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Families Addressing Cancer Together (FACT), a web-based, individually tailored, psychoeducational intervention for parents with cancer to improve illness-related communication with their minor children.

Methods: Parents with stage I-IV solid tumors who had children ages 3-17 were randomized to 6 weeks of FACT versus waitlist control. Feasibility was assessed by rates of recruitment and retention.

Neonatal estradiol and early adversity interact to modify basolateral amygdala morphology and adult behavior in female rats.

Being raised under adverse conditions during infancy and childhood represents a significant risk factor for developing later psychopathologies and dysfunctions in emotional, affective, and cognitive abilities. Depending on the type, timing, and duration of early adversity, different consequences emerge across the sexes in both human and animal models, although our understanding of the underlying interactions between sex and early life stress (ELS) is still incomplete. In this study, we used the limited bedding (LB) paradigm, a well-described model of ELS in rat pups during the first 10 days of life, and tested whether masculinization of the female brain by neonatal injections of estradiol benzoate (EB) would recapitulate the ELS-induced vulnerability phenotype of males on morphology of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) principal neurons and pre-adolescent and adult behavior.

Advanced Visualization of Musculoskeletal Pathologies Using MV-Flow Ultrasound: A Case Series.

The blood flow-detecting mode of ultrasound images can be beneficial for assessing the degree of inflammation among various musculoskeletal conditions and their recovery. Power Doppler (PD) ultrasound is typically used for blood flow, but its limitations in detecting low-velocity blood flow hinder comprehensive assessment. The microvascular flow tool (MV-Flow) from the Samsung V7 and RS85 ultrasound systems (Samsung Co.

Paired CRISPR screens to map gene regulation in and .

Recent massively-parallel approaches to decipher gene regulatory circuits have focused on the discovery of either -regulatory elements (CREs) or -acting factors. Here, we develop a scalable approach that pairs - and -regulatory CRISPR screens to systematically dissect how the key immune checkpoint is regulated. In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, we tile the locus using ∼25,000 CRISPR perturbations in constitutive and IFNγ-stimulated conditions.

Unspecified asthma, childhood-onset, and adult-onset asthma have different causal genes: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Introduction: Asthma is a heterogeneous condition that is characterized by reversible airway obstruction. Childhood-onset asthma (COA) and adult-onset asthma (AOA) are two prominent asthma subtypes, each with unique etiological factors and prognosis, which suggests the existence of both shared and distinct risk factors.

Methods: Here, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to elucidate the causal association between genes within lung and whole-blood-specific gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and the development of unspecified asthma, COA, and AOA using the Wald ratio method.

From algae to plants: understanding pyrenoid-based CO-concentrating mechanisms.

Pyrenoids are the key component of one of the most abundant biological CO concentration mechanisms found in nature. Pyrenoid-based CO-concentrating mechanisms (pCCMs) are estimated to account for one third of global photosynthetic CO capture. Our molecular understanding of how pyrenoids work is based largely on work in the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Transcriptomic and epigenomic signatures distinguish high- and low-risk endotypes for liver tumor development.

The epigenome is a target for environmental exposures and a potential determinant of inter-individual differences in response. In genetically identical C57Bl/6 mice exposed from gestation to weaning to the endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) tributyltin (TBT), hepatic tumor development later in life varied across multiple cohorts over time and depending on sex and diet. In one cohort where approximately half of TBT-exposed male mice developed liver tumors at 10 months (Katz et al.

Could a behaviour change intervention be used to address under-recognition of work-related asthma in primary care? A systematic review.

Background: Work-related asthma (WRA) is prevalent yet under-recognized in UK primary care.

Aim: We aimed to identify behaviour change interventions (BCI) intended for use in primary care to identify WRA, or any other chronic disease (that could be adapted for use in WRA).

Design & Setting: Systematic review METHOD: We searched CCRCT, Embase, PsychINFO and Ovid-MEDLINE databases (1946-2023) for studies describing development and/or evaluation of BCIs for case finding any chronic disease in primary care settings, aimed at either healthcare professionals and/or patients.

The microbiome diversifies -acyl lipid pools - including short-chain fatty acid-derived compounds.

-acyl lipids are important mediators of several biological processes including immune function and stress response. To enhance the detection of -acyl lipids with untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, we created a reference spectral library retrieving -acyl lipid patterns from 2,700 public datasets, identifying 851 -acyl lipids that were detected 356,542 times. 777 are not documented in lipid structural databases, with 18% of these derived from short-chain fatty acids and found in the digestive tract and other organs.

"I think deprescribing is very needed in our society:" Healthcare Professional Students Perceptions of Deprescribing Education.

Deprescribing is a complex and pivotal process in the healthcare system that requires the involvement of different healthcare professionals, as well as patients and family members. Given the multifaceted healthcare professionals involved in deprescribing, fostering interdisciplinary healthcare teams during the didactic and experiential educational engagement is imperative. Thus, this study aimed to characterize healthcare professional students' opinions on the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to deprescribing during the didactic and experiential components of the curriculum.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Tracheobronchial Disease.

A variety of thoracic imaging modalities and techniques have been used to evaluate diseases of the trachea and central bronchi. This document evaluates evidence for the use of thoracic imaging in the evaluation of tracheobronchial disease, including clinically suspected tracheal or bronchial stenosis, tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia, and bronchiectasis. Appropriateness guidelines for initial imaging evaluation of tracheobronchial disease and for pretreatment planning or posttreatment evaluation are included.

Integration across biophysical scales identifies molecular and cellular correlates of person-to-person variability in human brain connectivity.

Brain connectivity arises from interactions across biophysical scales, ranging from molecular to cellular to anatomical to network level. To date, there has been little progress toward integrated analysis across these scales. To bridge this gap, from a unique cohort of 98 individuals, we collected antemortem neuroimaging and genetic data, as well as postmortem dendritic spine morphometric, proteomic and gene expression data from the superior frontal and inferior temporal gyri.

The Functional Transcriptomic Landscape Informs Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Myeloma.

Several therapeutic agents have been approved for treating multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of bone marrow resident plasma cells. Predictive biomarkers for drug response could help guide clinical strategies to optimize outcomes. Here, we present an integrated functional genomic analysis of tumor samples from MM patients that were assessed for their ex vivo drug sensitivity to 37 drugs, clinical variables, cytogenetics, mutational profiles, and transcriptomes.

Geographic variation in kidney failure and transplantation in Aotearoa New Zealand: A population-based data linkage study.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in Aotearoa New Zealand and assess the impact of residential location on access to kidney transplantation.

Methods: AcceSS and Equity in Transplantation (ASSET), a health-linked data platform, was used to identify people commencing KRT in New Zealand from 2006 to 2019 and analyse regional epidemiology. Health services were classified as 'transplanting', 'intermediate' or 'remote' depending on their degree of separation from a transplant centre.

Endolymphatic hydrops and cochlear synaptopathy after noise exposure are distinct sequelae of hair cell stereociliary bundle trauma.

Endolymphatic hydrops, increased endolymphatic fluid within the cochlea, is the key pathologic finding in patients with Meniere's disease, a disease of episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Endolymphatic hydrops also can occur after noise trauma and its presence correlates with cochlear synaptopathy, a form of hearing loss caused by reduced numbers of synapses between hair cells and auditory nerve fibers. Here we tested whether there is a mechanistic link between these two phenomena by using multimodal imaging techniques to analyze the cochleae of transgenic mice exposed to blast and osmotic challenge.

Tirzepatide, GIP(1-42) and GIP(1-30) display unique signaling profiles at two common GIP receptor variants, E354 and Q354.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are prevalent metabolic disorders affecting millions of individuals worldwide. A new effective therapeutic drug called tirzepatide for the treatment of obesity and T2D is a dual agonist of the GIP receptor and GLP-1 receptor. Tirzepatide is clinically more effective than GLP-1 receptor agonists but the reasons why are not well understood.