The Association of Diurnal Blood Glucose Variability With Subclinical Cardiac Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The relationship between glycemic control and the risk of cardiac disease in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is controversial. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) is a biomarker of Glucose Variability (GV) and has been associated with clinical cardiovascular disease. However, its association with Subclinical Cardiac Disease (SCD) is unknown.

Obesity and its Association with Irisin Level Among Individuals with FNDC5/Irisin Gene Variants RS16835198 and RS726344.

Background: Irisin; a novel myokine/adipokine; encoded by FNDC5 gene have been suggested to play an important role in energy metabolism and obesity. However, the genetic variations at this locus and their effects on different metabolic parameters is still poorly understood.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of FNDC5/irisin gene polymorphisms (RS16835198 and RS726344) in obese individuals and their genotype phenotype correlation with circulating serum irisin level and other biochemical parameters like glucose, lipid metabolism and liver enzymes.

The protective effect of thymoquinone, an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, against renal injury: a review.

Thymoquinone (TQ), 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone, is one of the most active ingredients of Nigella Sativa seeds. TQ has a variety of beneficial properties including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Studies have provided original observations on the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of renal diseases such as glomerulonephritis and drug-induced nephrotoxicity.

Susceptibility to insulin resistance after kidney donation: a pilot observational study.

Background: In chronic kidney disease the contribution of decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) versus enhanced inflammation to cause insulin resistance (IR) is controversial.

Aim: This pilot observational study examines, therefore, the prevalence of IR after kidney donation and factors that may determine its level.

Methods: Insulin, proinsulin, adiponectin, malondialdehyde, and hsCRP were measured by conventional techniques in 14 previous kidney donors and 25 healthy volunteers.

Susceptibility to hyperglycemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are susceptible to hyperglycemia.

Aim: To study the prevalence of pre-diabetes in CKD patients and determine the contribution of insulin resistance (IR) versus beta-cell dysfunction in patients with CKD.

Methods: 45 consecutive nondiabetic CKD patients and 40 healthy subjects were included.

Predictors of new onset of diabetes after transplantation in stable renal recipients.

Background: Several groups identified pre-transplant factors which contribute to the development of new onset of diabetes after transplantation (NODAT).

Aim: To identify post-transplant risk factors for NODAT.

Methods: 55 stable renal transplant patients were divided into group A of 34 recipients with normoglycemia and group B of 21 recipients with impaired fasting glucose.

Evidence for increased risk of prediabetes in the uremic patient.

A prediabetic state is defined as a higher than normal blood glucose level but not yet high enough to meet the diagnosis of overt diabetes mellitus. While patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy are vulnerable to hypoglycemia, we believe that there is sufficient evidence that uremic nondiabetic patients are susceptible to hyperglycemia, which calls for more attention that uremia is a prediabetic state. It is, therefore, intriguing to identify these uremic factors which lead to prediabetes.