Comparing gut resistome composition among patients with acute Campylobacter infections and healthy family members.

Campylobacter commonly causes foodborne infections and antibiotic resistance is an imminent concern. It is not clear, however, if the human gut 'resistome' is affected by Campylobacter during infection. Application of shotgun metagenomics on stools from 26 cases with Campylobacter infections and 44 healthy family members (controls) identified 406 unique antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) representing 153 genes/operons, 40 mechanisms, and 18 classes.

Epidemiologic Associations Vary Between Tetracycline and Fluoroquinolone Resistant Infections.

is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis and antibiotic resistant are a serious threat to public health. Herein, we sought to evaluate trends in infections, quantify resistance frequencies, and identify epidemiological factors associated with infection. isolates ( = 214) were collected from patients via an active surveillance system at four metropolitan hospitals in Michigan between 2011 and 2014.

Increasing Frequencies of Antibiotic Resistant Non-typhoidal Infections in Michigan and Risk Factors for Disease.

Non-typhoidal (NTS) are important enteric pathogens causing over 1 million foodborne illnesses in the U.S. annually.

Evaluation of Nucleic Acid Isothermal Amplification Methods for Human Clinical Microbial Infection Detection.

Battling infection is a major healthcare objective. Untreated infections can rapidly evolve toward the condition of sepsis in which the body begins to fail and resuscitation becomes critical and tenuous. Identification of infection followed by rapid antimicrobial treatment are primary goals of medical care, but precise identification of offending organisms by current methods is slow and broad spectrum empirical therapy is employed to cover most potential pathogens.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Human Campylobacter jejuni Isolates and Association with Phylogenetic Lineages.

Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen and the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. With the increase of antibiotic resistance to fluoroquinolones and macrolides, the drugs of choice for treatment, C. jejuni was recently classified as a serious antimicrobial resistant threat.

Antimicrobial resistance dashboard application for mapping environmental occurrence and resistant pathogens.

An antibiotic resistance (AR) Dashboard application is being developed regarding the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and bacteria (ARB) in environmental and clinical settings. The application gathers and geospatially maps AR studies, reported occurrence and antibiograms, which can be downloaded for offline analysis. With the integration of multiple data sets, the database can be used on a regional or global scale to identify hot spots for ARGs and ARB; track and link spread and transmission, quantify environmental or human factors influencing presence and persistence of ARG harboring organisms; differentiate natural ARGs from those distributed via human or animal activity; cluster and compare ARGs connections in different environments and hosts; and identify genes that can be used as proxies to routinely monitor anthropogenic pollution.

Intestinal microbial communities associated with acute enteric infections and disease recovery.

Background: The intestinal microbiome represents a complex network of microbes that are important for human health and preventing pathogen invasion. Studies that examine differences in intestinal microbial communities across individuals with and without enteric infections are useful for identifying microbes that support or impede intestinal health.

Results: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted on stool DNA from patients with enteric infections (n = 200) and 75 healthy family members to identify differences in intestinal community composition.

Static self-directed sample dispensing into a series of reaction wells on a microfluidic card for parallel genetic detection of microbial pathogens.

A microfluidic card is described for simultaneous and rapid genetic detection of multiple microbial pathogens. The hydrophobic surface of native acrylic and a novel microfluidic mechanism termed "airlock" were used to dispense sample into a series of 64 reaction wells without the use of valves, external pumping peripherals, multiple layers, or vacuum assistance. This airlock mechanism was tested with dilutions of whole human blood, saliva, and urine, along with mock samples of varying viscosities and surface tensions.

The clinical presentation of Fusobacterium-positive and streptococcal-positive pharyngitis in a university health clinic: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Pharyngitis guidelines focus solely on group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection. European data suggest that in patients aged 15 to 30 years, Fusobacterium necrophorum causes at least 10% of cases of pharyngitis; however, few U.S.

Community acquired bacteremia in young children from central Nigeria--a pilot study.

Background: Reports of the etiology of bacteremia in children from Nigeria are sparse and have been confounded by wide spread non-prescription antibiotic use and suboptimal laboratory culture techniques. We aimed to determine causative agents and underlying predisposing conditions of bacteremia in Nigerian children using data arising during the introduction of an automated blood culture system accessed by 7 hospitals and clinics in the Abuja area.

Methods: Between September 2008 and November 2009, we enrolled children with clinically suspected bacteremia at rural and urban clinical facilities in Abuja or within the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria.

Streptococcus intermedius causing infective endocarditis and abscesses: a report of three cases and review of the literature.

Background: Streptococcus intermedius is a member of the Streptococcus anginosus group. Clinical disease with S. intermedius is characterized by abscess formation and rarely endocarditis.

Spherules, hyphae, and air-crescent sign.

Coccidioidomycosis is endemic in the southwestern United States, resulting in 100,000 infections annually. The majority of these infections are asymptomatic or manifest as community-acquired pneumonia. In rare cases, patients can present with a mononuclear-cell predominant pyopneumothorax.

Decreased diversity of the fecal Microbiome in recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea due to Clostridium difficile (CDAD) is thought to reflect colonization of a disrupted microbial community by the pathogen. We profiled the fecal microbiota of patients with CDAD (both initial and recurrent episodes) by culture-independent phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA-encoding gene sequences. Compared with those from control subjects and patients with an initial episode, the fecal communities in patients with recurrent CDAD were highly variable in bacterial composition and were characterized by markedly decreased diversity.

Surveillance for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Michigan, 2001-2005.

A surveillance system used different detection methods to estimate prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli during 2003-2005 and 2001-2002. More non-O157 serotypes were detected by enzyme immunoassay than by evaluation of non-sorbitol-fermenting E. coli isolates.

Genetic diversity of Campylobacter sp. isolates from retail chicken products and humans with gastroenteritis in Central Michigan.

Multilocus sequencing was used to compare Campylobacter sp. strains isolated from retail chicken products and humans with gastroenteritis in central Michigan. Sequence comparisons demonstrated overlapping diversity between chicken and human isolates.