Timing and types of fluids and foods first introduced in a representative sample of toddlers attending day care programs across Lebanon: Are parents following international recommendations?

Background: Current WHO's recommendation for optimal infant feeding advises exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. After this initial period, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary food starting from the age of 6 months with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age or beyond.

Purpose: This study examined the timing and types of fluids and foods first introduced in a representative sample of toddlers (n = 1051) from 79 daycares across Lebanon.

Trabecular bone mineral density measurement using thoracic and lumbar quantitative computed tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of bone mineral density (BMD) between lumbar (L) and individual thoracic (T) vertebrae and identify a standard thoracic spine level for BMD assessment in cardiac computed tomography (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred subjects who underwent simultaneous chest and abdomen CT scans for clinical indications were included. A calibration phantom that extended from the first thoracic spine (T(1)) to the fifth lumbar (L(5)) was employed.

Enhancing nonmydriatic color photographs of the retina with monochromatic views and a stereo pair to detect diabetic retinopathy.

Background And Objective: Nonmydriatic digital color imaging is rapidly gaining an important role in screening for diabetic retinopathy. However, it has yet to equal a dilated fundus examination or seven Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study field 35-mm photography. The authors therefore attempted to enhance efficacy and validity by adding two low-cost steps to the nonmydriatic digital image evaluation.

Hypercalcemia and diabetes insipidus in a patient previously treated with lithium.

Background: A 65-year-old woman presented with decreased oral intake, a reduced level of consciousness, hypercalcemia and hypernatremia. She had previously received lithium for 20 years for a schizoaffective disorder, but this treatment had been discontinued 3 years before presentation.

Investigations: Physical examination, laboratory studies including measurement of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, measurement of urine and serum osmolalities before and after desmopressin administration, blood and urine cultures, and a CT scan of the abdomen.