Morphometric analysis of the skull base and palatal regions for gender identification using CBCT: a retrospective study.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of morphometry of skull base and palate in gender discrimination using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning and to assess the accuracy of the results among a sample of the Arab population.

Materials & Methods: Using CBCT scans, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 142 consented patients who underwent various dental procedures at the University Dental Hospital, Sharjah (UDHS). Of these patients, 70 were females and 72 were males, with respective means of 38.

Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER flo bioceramic sealers.

Aim: Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo bioceramic sealers compared to AH Plus resin sealer.

Materials And Methods: Modified direct contact test was used on three sets of sealers: Freshly mixed sealers, sealers that were 1-day old, and sealers that were 7-day old. After 24 h of incubation, the colony-forming units were digitally counted using Promega Colony Counter after 30 and 60 min of exposure to .

Protein Expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC): Clinical, Pathological, and Prognostic Findings.

Background & Objective: Cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are resistant to the most currently used chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies; hence, we evaluated the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and benign adjacent tissues of kidney to detect associations between their expression and clinicopathological features, prognostic data, tumor recurrence, and survival rates.

Methods: We collected 200 samples including tumoral and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues related to 100 ccRCC patients. All samples were evaluated for the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST, and the patients were followed up for about 5 years.

Measurement of student engagement in health professions education: a review of literature.

Student engagement is a complex multidimensional construct that has attained great interest in health professions education (HPE). Definition and conceptualization of student engagement is an important step that should drive the development of the instruments for its measurement. We have recently proposed a comprehensive framework for student engagement in HPE with a definition of engagement as student investment of time and energy in academic and non-academic experiences that include learning, teaching, research, governance, and community activities.

Prediction of Lymphovascular and Perineural Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Combined Expression of p63 and Cyclin D1.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to determine the value of immune expression of p63 and cyclin D1 in the prediction of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods:  Clinical and histopathologic features of 65 subjects with histologically confirmed OSCC were collected. Tissue microarray blocks representing all subjects were prepared for the immunohistochemical quantification of the nuclear expression of p63 and cyclin D1 using immune ratio plugin of image J software.

Effect of different teaching/learning approaches using virtual patients on student's situational interest and cognitive load: a comparative study.

Background: Virtual Patients (VPs) have been receiving considerable attention in medical education as an authentic learning and teaching approach. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different approaches of conduction of virtual patients (VPs) on students' cognitive load and situational interest.

Methods: The study is an experimental study.

Analysis of inferior nasal turbinate volume in subjects with nasal septum deviation: a retrospective cone beam tomography study.

Background: The association of the linear dimensions of the inferior turbinate hypertrophy with nasal septal deviation has been studied recently. However, the volumetric dimensions provide a more accurate status of the turbinate hypertrophy compared to linear measurements. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of inferior nasal turbinate volume with the degree of nasal septal deviation (NSD).

GLP-1R polymorphism (rs1042044) and expression are associated with the risk of papillary thyroid cancer among the Egyptian population.

Background: Glucagon like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist usage has previously been linked to an elevated incidence of thyroid cell adenomas and carcinomas in animals.

Aim: The goal of this study was to determine if there was an association between GLP-1R gene polymorphism and expression with the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its clinical characteristics among the Egyptian population.

Material And Methods: A total of eighty PTC patients and eighty healthy controls were included in the study.

Student engagement in undergraduate medical education: A scoping review.

Introduction: Student engagement is defined as behavioural, cognitive and emotional aspects of students' academic experience in teaching, learning and research through interacting with other students, faculty and community. Despite the growing interest in the field of student engagement, medical education research in this area is still fragmented. This scoping review aims to contribute to the understanding of measurements, drivers and outcomes of medical student engagement.

RNA-binding proteins RBM-HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Prognostic and clinical implications.

Aim Of The Study: The clinical significance and predictive and prognostic value of HuR, RBM3, and PODXL expression in patients with urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) are not clear yet. The aim of this study was to assess HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression in muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive UBC tissues, and to investigate the clinicopathological correlations and their predictive and prognostic impact in patients with such type of cancer.

Material And Methods: RBM-HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression levels were evaluated in 70 patients with urothelial carcinoma by immunohistochemistry.

Gingival Depigmentation Using Diode 980 nm and Erbium-YAG 2940 nm Lasers: A Split-Mouth Clinical Comparative Study.

Background: Gingival hyperpigmentation, "black gum," refers to black discrete single or multiple pigments on the gingiva. Several factors may play a role in gingival hyperpigmentation ranging from physiologic pigmentation to manifestations of systemic diseases. Several techniques have been used for gingival depigmentation to lighten its color.

The diagnostic significance of circulating lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 tumor biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer among the Egyptian population.

Background: Long non-coding RNA ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 antisense RNA 2 (ADAMTS9-AS2) was recognized as a novel tumor suppressor and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of malignant behavior in human cancers, although its plasma expression and clinical value in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic role of ADAMTS9-AS2 and cytokeratin 19 fragmentation antigen (CYFRA 21-1) in NSCLC.

Methods: The present study included 80 control subjects, 80 patients with benign lung lesion and 80 NSCLC patients.

Evaluating the value of Amphiregulin, Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue (PTEN) and P21 Expression for Anti-EGFR Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma.

Background: Despite the significant progress in target therapy for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC), the overall survival isn't satisfactory.

Methods: We assessed the expression of Amphiregulin, PTEN, and P21 in sections from 23 paraffin blocks prepared from 23 patients with left-sided mCRC using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between their level of expressions, clinicopathological parameters, response to anti-EGFR, and prognosis were analyzed.

Circulating miR-181a and miR-223 expression with the potential value of biomarkers for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and predicting lupus nephritis.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by affecting a wide range of targeted genes and facilitating the development of lupus nephritis (LN). The present study aimed to analyze the serum expression of miR-181a and miR-223 in SLE patients and to assess whether they could serve as novel biomarkers for SLE diagnosis and to distinguish LN.

Methods: The study included 70 control subjects and 116 patients with SLE (67 non-LN and 49 LN groups).

Hypoxia-driven intratumor heterogeneity and immune evasion.

While it is widely accepted that high intratumoral heterogeneity confers serious challenges in the emerging resistance and the subsequent effective therapeutic targeting of cancer, the underlying biology of intratumoral heterogeneity remains elusive. In particular, it remains to be fully elucidated how microenvironmental factors shape genetic and non-genetic heterogeneity, which in turn determine the course of tumor evolution and clinical progression. In this context, hypoxia, a hallmark of most growing cancers, characterized by decreased O partial pressure is a key player of the tumor microenvironment.

Combined serum miR-29c and miR-149 expression analysis as diagnostic genetic markers for colorectal cancer.

Circulating miRNAs gathered much interest in cancer research as noninvasive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of miR-29c and miR-149 among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to explore their diagnostic and prognostic potentials in relation to the clinical and pathological features. The expression levels of miR-29c and miR-149 were evaluated in the sera of 80 CRC patients, 80 colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients, and 80 healthy controls using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Role of Hypoxic Stress in Regulating Tumor Immunogenicity, Resistance and Plasticity.

Hypoxia, or gradients of hypoxia, occurs in most growing solid tumors and may result in pleotropic effects contributing significantly to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Indeed, the generated hypoxic stress has a strong impact on tumor cell biology. For example, it may contribute to increasing tumor heterogeneity, help cells gain new functional properties and/or select certain cell subpopulations, facilitating the emergence of therapeutic resistant cancer clones, including cancer stem cells coincident with tumor relapse and progression.

The association of IL-33 and Foxp3 gene polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy loss in Egyptian women.

Deregulated immunity is one of the most important factors implicated in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The possible role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (Foxp3) in RPL have not been fully investigated. We aimed to evaluate IL-33 rs1929992 and Foxp3 rs2232365 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their serum levels in Egyptian RPL females.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum miR-15a and miR-16-1 expression among egyptian patients with prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most common malignancy in men. The aim of this study is to assess the role of serum miR-15a and miR-16-1 expression in PCa development, diagnosis and prognosis aiming to find a specific noninvasive biomarker. This study comprised 70 patients with PCa, 70 patients complaining of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 30 patients with chronic prostatitis and 70 controls.

The influence of glyoxalase 1 gene polymorphism on its expression at different stages of breast cancer in Egyptian women.

Aim: To assess the association of GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism with breast cancer risk at different stages of the disease and to investigate the effect of this gene polymorphism on its mRNA expression and enzyme activity.

Methods: GLO1 C332C gene polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 100 healthy controls and 200 patients with breast cancer (100 patients with stage I & II and 100 patients with stage III & IV). GLO1 mRNA expression was measured by real time PCR.

Thioredoxin-Interact ing-Pro t e in [TXNIP] and Transglutaminase 2 [TGM2] Expression in Meningiomas of Different Grades and the Role of Their Expression in Meningioma Recurrence and Prognosis.

Background: Meningiomas are common central nervous system (CNS) tumors that account for thirty percent of primary intracranial tumors.. The accuracy of predicting meningioma recurrence and progression is not enough.

Mutations in the pH-Sensing G-protein-Coupled Receptor GPR68 Cause Amelogenesis Imperfecta.

Amelogenesis is the process of dental enamel formation, leading to the deposition of the hardest tissue in the human body. This process requires the intricate regulation of ion transport and controlled changes to the pH of the developing enamel matrix. The means by which the enamel organ regulates pH during amelogenesis is largely unknown.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and cytokeratin 20 expressions and their relation to prognostic variables in bladder cancer.

Background: Tumor grade and stage are currently the most important prognostic variables in bladder cancer but establishing additional criteria is still needed for effective treatment.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) in cancer bladder (CB) and to evaluate their association with the clinicopathological features of the disease.

Patients And Methods: The study included 80 patients diagnosed as bladder cancer of different stages and grades and 80 patients with nonmalignant urothelial diseases of matched age and sex to the malignant group.