MicroRNA-199a-5p may be a diagnostic biomarker of primary ITP.

There is no diagnostic test for primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Certain microRNAs have shown to have diagnostic potential in ITP. We validated 12 microRNAs identified from two previous studies to find a diagnostic biomarker.

Development and internal validation of a simple clinical score for the estimation of the probability of deep vein thrombosis in outpatient emergency department patients.

Background: Wells score comprises subjective elements, making physicians reluctant to use Wells score or cause them to use it incorrectly.

Objectives: To develop and internally validate a prediction score that is objective and simple for evaluating suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with a safety comparable with that of Wells score.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis using data from the Ri-Schedule study (NCT02486445) involving suspected DVT patients at Østfold Hospital's Emergency Department, Norway (2015-2018).

Exercise pulmonary hypertension in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease: A right heart catheterization study.

Many patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) suffer from exertional dyspnea. It is unclear if CTEPD is associated with exercise pulmonary hypertension (ePH). This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the occurrence of ePH in patients with CTEPD and to identify the haemodynamic changes during exercise.

Insights on treatment of adult ITP: algorithm for management and role of multimodal therapy.

The management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is continuously evolving with the development and introduction of newer therapies and a better understanding of the disease. Corticosteroids still represent the cornerstone of first-line treatment. Patients who fail to achieve remission with a short course of corticosteroids require subsequent therapy.

Could machine learning revolutionize how we treat immune thrombocytopenia?

The absence of reliable biomarkers in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) complicates treatment choice, necessitating a trial-and-error approach. Machine learning (ML) holds promise for transforming ITP treatment by analysing complex data to identify predictive factors, as demonstrated by Xu et al.'s study which developed ML-based models to predict responses to corticosteroids, rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists.

Platelet response to romiplostim amongst patients with newly diagnosed, persistent, and chronic immune thrombocytopenia in routine clinical practice in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway.

Patient characteristics and platelet responses at romiplostim initiation according to the duration of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are poorly understood. Amongst romiplostim-exposed adults with ITP lasting ≥6 months during 2009-2018 in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, we examined characteristics at romiplostim initiation, romiplostim dosage, and durable platelet response (≥75% of measurements ≥50 × 10/L at 14-24 weeks) for subcohorts with newly diagnosed (duration <3 months), persistent (3-12 months), or chronic (>12 months) ITP initiating romiplostim. The 285 romiplostim initiators comprised 81 (28%) with newly diagnosed, 47 (16%) with persistent, and 157 (55%) with chronic ITP.

Pulmonary perfusion defects or residual vascular obstruction and persistent symptoms after pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Up to 50% of pulmonary embolism (PE) patients have perfusion defects or residual vascular obstruction during follow-up despite adequate anticoagulant treatment, and a similar percentage experience chronic functional limitations and/or dyspnoea post-PE. We aimed to evaluate the association between pulmonary perfusion defects or residual vascular obstruction and functional recovery after PE.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis including studies assessing both the presence of perfusion defects or residual vascular obstruction and functional recovery ( persistent symptoms, quality of life, exercise endurance).

Patient-centric care in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): shared decision-making and assessment of health-related quality of life.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), an autoimmune disease characterized by low platelet counts and increased bleeding risk, can impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL), impacting patients' daily lives and mental health. A number of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures (both generic and specific to ITP) can be used to understand the impact of ITP on HRQoL and generate evidence to guide disease management. As welldeveloped PRO tools could help in HRQoL assessment, their optimization could help to solidify a patient-centric approach to ITP management.

Avatrombopag plus fostamatinib combination as treatment in patients with multirefractory immune thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) refractory to multiple therapies may require a combination of drugs targeting different mechanisms and targets. In this retrospective, multicentre, international study, we report the safety and effectiveness of avatrombopag and fostamatininb in combination administered to 18 patients with multirefractory ITP. Overall, the combination response was achieved in 15 patients (83.

A practical guide to the management of immune thrombocytopenia co-existing with acute coronary syndrome.

Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) management with co-existing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains challenging as it requires a clinically relevant balance between the risk and outcomes of thrombosis and the risk of bleeding. However, the literature evaluating the treatment approaches in this high-risk population is scarce.

Methods And Results: In this review, we aimed to summarize the available literature on the safety of ITP first- and second-line therapies to provide a practical guide on the management of ITP co-existing with ACS.

Trajectory of cardiac troponin T following moderate-to-severe COVID-19 and the association with cardiac abnormalities.

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevations and changes in cardiac structure and function, but the link between cardiac dysfunction and high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in the acute and convalescent phase is unclear.

Objective: To assess whether hs-cTnT concentrations are associated with cardiac dysfunction and structural abnormalities after hospitalization for COVID-19, and to evaluate the performance of hs-cTnT to rule out cardiac pathology.

Methods: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had hs-cTnT measured during the index hospitalization and after 3-and 12 months, when they also underwent an echocardiographic study.

Physical activity following pulmonary embolism and clinical correlates in selected patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: There is limited knowledge regarding physical activity and clinical correlates among people who have suffered a pulmonary embolism (PE).

Objectives: To assess physical activity levels after PE and potential clinical correlates.

Methods: One hundred forty-five individuals free of major comorbidities were recruited at a mean of 23 months (range, 6-72) after PE diagnosis.

Real-world Data on Treatment Patterns and Bleeding in Cancer-associated Thrombosis: Data from the TROLL Registry.

 International guidelines are increasingly recommending direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as the first-line treatment for cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). However, data regarding treatment patterns and adherence to guidelines in patients with CAT are scarce.  This study aimed to explore anticoagulant treatment patterns in patients with CAT and to calculate the incidence rates of bleeding events.

Long-term treatment with rilzabrutinib in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease associated with autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, resulting in thrombocytopenia and a predisposition to bleeding. The ongoing, global phase 1/2 study showed that rilzabrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically developed to treat autoimmune disorders, could be an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for ITP. Clinical activity, durability of response, and safety were evaluated in 16 responding patients who continued rilzabrutinib 400 mg twice daily in the long-term extension (LTE) study.

Risk of fractures and use of bisphosphonates in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia-A nationwide population-based study.

Corticosteroids remain the first-line treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Bisphosphonates are used for the treatment of osteoporosis, but their usage among patients with ITP has not been systemically described. We investigated the risk of fractures and the use of bisphosphonates in adult patients with primary (pITP) and secondary ITP (sITP) compared with matched comparators in a nationwide registry-based cohort study.

Developing a machine learning model for bleeding prediction in patients with cancer-associated thrombosis receiving anticoagulation therapy.

Background: Only 1 conventional score is available for assessing bleeding risk in patients with cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT): the CAT-BLEED score.

Objectives: Our aim was to develop a machine learning-based risk assessment model for predicting bleeding in CAT and to evaluate its predictive performance in comparison to that of the CAT-BLEED score.

Methods: We collected 488 attributes (clinical data, biochemistry, and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, diagnosis) in 1080 unique patients with CAT.

Risk-based and individualised management of bleeding and thrombotic events in adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Although bleeding is one of the main symptoms of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), risk factors for bleeding have yet to be fully established. Low platelet count (PC; <20-30 × 10 /L) is generally indicative of increased risk of bleeding. However, PC and bleeding events cannot be fully correlated; many other patient- and disease-related factors are thought to contribute to increased bleeding risk.

The feasibility of self-performing measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation and respiratory exercises in home-isolated COVID-19 patients-a single-arm prospective trial.

Background: COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease where isolation of infected individuals is deemed warranted. If possible, home isolation is preferred over hospitalization. This implies a need for methods of observation that can ensure the safety of these patients.

Cost-Effectiveness of Performing Reference Ultrasonography in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Background:  The diagnosis of recurrent ipsilateral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with compression ultrasonography (CUS) may be hindered by residual intravascular obstruction after previous DVT. A reference CUS, an additional ultrasound performed at anticoagulant discontinuation, may improve the diagnostic work-up of suspected recurrent ipsilateral DVT by providing baseline images for future comparison.

Objectives:  To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of routinely performing reference CUS in DVT patients.

Incidence of venous thromboembolism, recurrence, and bleeding after isolated superficial vein thrombosis: findings from the Venous Thrombosis Registry in Østfold Hospital.

Background: There are limited data on the long-term risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after high-risk isolated superficial vein thrombosis (iSVT) treated with anticoagulants.

Objectives: To determine the short- and long-term risk of VTE and iSVT recurrence after cessation of anticoagulant treatment and to calculate 45-day cumulative bleeding incidence in patients with iSVT.

Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2021, 229 patients with high-risk iSVT (ie, thrombus length ≥5cm), without active cancer, with no history of VTE or iSVT, and who had received anticoagulant treatment for the iSVT were identified through the Venous Thrombosis Registry in Østfold Hospital (TROLL registry), Norway.

Risk Factors for Bleeding in Cancer Patients Treated with Conventional Dose Followed by Low-Dose Apixaban for Venous Thromboembolism.

Background:  Incidence of and risk factors for bleeding in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) treated with apixaban are poorly described.

Methods:  We analyzed data from the prospective CAP study where 298 cancer patients with any type of VTE received 5 mg apixaban twice daily for 6 months, and then 2.5 mg apixaban twice daily for 30 months.

Refractory immune thrombocytopenia in adults: Towards a new definition.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune haematological disorder characterized by immune-mediated thrombocytopenia and a variable risk of bleeding. Despite the availability of multiple treatment options, some patients are considered refractory since they do not achieve a platelet count response to multiple treatments and are at risk of bleeding. The term 'refractory' has been used to identify this patient group; however, with the advent of multiple lines of treatment, its meaning has become ambiguous.

Incidence and determinants of venous thromboembolism over 90 days in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but there is great variation among reported incidence rates. Most previous studies have focused on hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only a few reports are from population-based registries.

Methods: We studied the 90-day incidence of VTE, associated risk factors and all-cause mortality in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a nationwide cohort.