An efficient improved parrot optimizer for bladder cancer classification.

Bladder Cancer (BC) is a common disease that comes with a high risk of morbidity, death, and expense. Primary risk factors for BC include exposure to carcinogens in the workplace or the environment, particularly tobacco. There are several difficulties, such as the requirement for a qualified expert in BC classification.

Machine Learning-Based Approach for Identifying Research Gaps: COVID-19 as a Case Study.

Background: Research gaps refer to unanswered questions in the existing body of knowledge, either due to a lack of studies or inconclusive results. Research gaps are essential starting points and motivation in scientific research. Traditional methods for identifying research gaps, such as literature reviews and expert opinions, can be time consuming, labor intensive, and prone to bias.

Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Improved Global Best-Guided Artificial Bee Colony with New Search Probability Model for Image Segmentation.

Clustering using fuzzy C-means (FCM) is a soft segmentation method that has been extensively investigated and successfully implemented in image segmentation. FCM is useful in various aspects, such as the segmentation of grayscale images. However, FCM has some limitations in terms of its selection of the initial cluster center.