Correction: The last giants: New evidence for giant Late Triassic (Rhaetian) ichthyosaurs from the UK.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Identifying and Ranking Strategies to Address Housing Insecurity and Homelessness Within the LGBTQIA+ Community in Southern Nevada: Utilization of Community-Based Participatory Research and Concept Mapping.

Housing insecurity is a critical issue within Southern Nevada. However, little is known about the housing-insecurity-related needs of LGBTQIA+ Southern Nevadans. The aim of this study was to identify strategies to address housing insecurity among this vulnerable community.

Development of a prediction model for tube feeding dependence in HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a prediction model for feeding tube dependence in a large homogenous cohort of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV + OPSCC) patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We further aimed to externally validate three previously published feeding tube prediction models on this cohort.

Materials And Methods: p16-confirmed HPV + OPSCC patients treated with definitive CRT at a tertiary cancer centre between April 2017 and February 2022 were identified.

Impact of Postoperative Neck Radiotherapy Volumes on Long-Term Unstimulated Saliva Flow Following Primary Surgery and Ipsilateral Neck Dissection for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: We investigate the association of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) volumes and salivary function in oral cavity SCC (OSCC).

Methods: OSCC patients undergoing PORT 2005-2021 underwent modified Schirmer test (MST) pre-PORT, 6 and/or 12 months post-PORT. Hyposalivation rates were compared by PORT volumes.

Impact of Surgeon-Radiation Oncology Dyads in Oral Cavity Cancer Outcomes.

Background: Multidisciplinary care is paramount in patient-specific decision making, especially as pertaining to oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OCSCC) treatment. Protracted surgery-postoperative-radiation (S-PORT) has a detrimental impact on OCSCC patients' outcomes. This study examined the impact of surgeon-radiation oncologist dyads on the treatment of OCSCC, focusing on S-PORT interval and disease specific outcomes.

A comprehensive toxicological analysis of panel of unregulated e-cigarettes to human health.

Electronic cigarettes, commonly referred to as e-cigarettes have gained popularity over recent years especially among young individuals. In the light of the escalating prevalence of the use of these products and their potential for long-term health effects, in this study as the first of its kind a comprehensive toxicological profiling of the liquid from a panel of unregulated e-cigarettes seized in the UK was undertaken using an in vitro co-culture model of the upper airways. The data showed that e-cigarettes caused a dose dependent increase in cell death and inflammation manifested by enhanced release of IL1ß and IL6.

Co-Culture of Gut Bacteria and Metabolite Extraction Using Fast Vacuum Filtration and Centrifugation.

This protocol describes a robust method for the extraction of intra and extracellular metabolites of gut bacterial mono and co-cultures. In recent years, the co-culture techniques employed in the field of microbiology have demonstrated significant importance in regard to understanding cell-cell interactions, cross-feeding, and the metabolic interactions between different bacteria, fungi, and microbial consortia which enable the mimicking of complex co-habitant conditions. This protocol highlights a robust reproducible physiologically relevant culture and extraction protocol for the co-culture of gut bacterium.

The prognostic value of image-identified extranodal extension in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma following definitive (chemo-)radiotherapy.

Objectives: Clinical extranodal extension (cENE) is a cN modifier in TNM-8 for laryngo-hypopharygeal carcinoma (LHC). We hypothesize that image-detected ENE (iENE) can provide additional prognostic value over cENE in LHC.

Methods: Baseline CTs/MRIs of cN+ LHC patients treated with definitive (chemo-)radiotherapy between 2010-2019 were re-reviewed by a neuroradiologist using internationally accepted criteria for iENE-positive/negative (iENE+/iENE-).

Management of Elbow Terrible Triad Injuries: A Comprehensive Review and Update.

The "terrible triad" of the elbow, encompassing elbow dislocation, radial head fracture, and coronoid process fracture, remains a formidable challenge in orthopaedic practice. Typically, stabilizing structures in the elbow fail from lateral to medial through a posterolateral rotatory force after a fall onto an outstretched upper extremity. Surgery is often needed to repair the lateral ligamentous complex, replace or fix the radial head, possibly repair the anterior capsule or fix the coronoid, and consider medial repair or application of an internal versus external fixator.

Wild-Type Transthyretin Amyloidosis: A Prevalent and Underdiagnosed Cause of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded protein in the myocardium, leading to increased stiffness and an eventual restrictive cardiomyopathy. The slow onset of symptoms and overlap with other cardiomyopathies make prompt diagnosis a challenge. Clinicians should be alerted and include amyloidosis in their differential diagnosis, particularly in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, unexplained left ventricle hypertrophy, particularly in those shown intolerance to previous antihypertensive medication, and early orthopedic manifestations of the disease such as carpal tunnel syndrome and spinal stenosis.

Radiology-Pathology Concordance and Prognostication of Nodal Features in pN+ Oral Cavity Cancer.

Background And Purpose: The aims of our study are to evaluate the diagnostic performance and prognostic value of radiological lymph node (LN) characteristics in pN+ oral cavity squamous carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods: pN+ OSCC treated between 2012 and 2020 were included. Preoperative imaging was reviewed by a single radiologist blinded to pathologic findings for the following nodal features: imaging-positive LN (iN+), laterality and total number, and image-identified extranodal extension (iENE).

Prospective manipulation of the gut microbiome with microbial ecosystem therapeutic 4 (MET4) in HPV-related locoregionally-advanced oropharyngeal cancer squamous cell carcinoma (LA-OPSCC) undergoing primary chemoradiation: ROMA2 study.

Background: Gut microbiome modulation to boost antitumor immune responses is under investigation.

Methods: ROMA-2 evaluated the microbial ecosystem therapeutic (MET)-4 oral consortia, a mixture of cultured human stool-derived immune-responsiveness associated bacteria, given with chemoradiation (CRT) in HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer patients. Co-primary endpoints were safety and changes in stool cumulative MET-4 taxa relative abundance (RA) by 16SRNA sequencing.

Causes and impact of delays during the COVID-19 pandemic on head and neck cancer diagnosis.

Background: The causes for delays during the COVID19 pandemic and their impact on head and neck cancer (HNC) diagnosis and staging are not well described.

Methods: Two cohorts were defined a priori for review and analysis-a Pre-Pandemic cohort (June 1 to December 31, 2019) and a Pandemic cohort (June 1 to December 31, 2020). Delays were categorized as COVID-19 related or not, and as clinician, patient, or policy related.

The last giants: New evidence for giant Late Triassic (Rhaetian) ichthyosaurs from the UK.

Giant ichthyosaurs with body length estimates exceeding 20 m were present in the latest Triassic of the UK. Here we report on the discovery of a second surangular from the lower jaw of a giant ichthyosaur from Somerset, UK. The new find is comparable in size and morphology to a specimen from Lilstock, Somerset, described in 2018, but it is more complete and better preserved.

Transoral Robotic Surgery and Radiation Volume Deintensification in Unknown Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Neck: The Phase 2 FIND Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Patients with unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma (CUP) with cervical metastases typically receive comprehensive radiotherapy (RT) of the pharynx and bilateral neck. Typically, these patients receive comprehensive RT of the pharynx and bilateral neck that may produce treatment-related toxic effects.

Objective: To determine whether localization of occult oropharyngeal cancers with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) combined with reduced pharyngeal and neck RT volumes provides acceptable disease control.

Essential data variables for a minimum dataset for head and neck cancer trials and clinical research: HNCIG consensus recommendations and database.

The Head and Neck Cancer International Group (HNCIG) has undertaken an international modified Delphi process to reach consensus on the essential data variables to be included in a minimum database for HNC research. Endorsed by 19 research organisations representing 34 countries, these recommendations provide the framework to facilitate and harmonise data collection and sharing for HNC research. These variables have also been incorporated into a ready to use downloadable HNCIG minimum database, available from the HNCIG website.

Telemedicine-enabled biofeedback electropalatography rehabilitation (TEBER): A pilot study for patients treated with surgery for oral cavity carcinoma.

Background: To address the rehabilitative barriers to frequency and precision of care, we conducted a pilot study of a biofeedback electropalatography (EPG) device paired with telemedicine for patients who underwent primary surgery +/- adjuvant radiation for oral cavity carcinoma. We hypothesized that lingual optimization followed by telemedicine-enabled biofeedback electropalatography rehabilitation (TEBER) would further improve speech and swallowing outcomes after "standard-of-care" SOC rehabilitation.

Method: Pilot prospective 8-week (TEBER) program following 8 weeks of (SOC) rehabilitation.

Pembrolizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus placebo plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-412): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Background: Despite multimodal therapy, 5-year overall survival for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is about 50%. We assessed the addition of pembrolizumab to concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced HNSCC.

Methods: In the randomised, double-blind, phase 3 KEYNOTE-412 trial, participants with newly diagnosed, high-risk, unresected locally advanced HNSCC from 130 medical centres globally were randomly assigned (1:1) to pembrolizumab (200 mg) plus chemoradiotherapy or placebo plus chemoradiotherapy.

The Quantification of Radiation Fibrosis Using Clinically Indicated Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

Currently, no objective method exists to measure the extent of fibrosis in swallowing musculature in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. We developed and psychometrically tested a method of quantifying fibrosis volume using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The overall aim of this study was to determine if clinical MRI is a reliable tool to measure fibrosis of the pharyngeal musculature in patients with HNC managed with RT and to assess its potential to capture changes in fibrosis over time.

Translation efficiency driven by CNOT3 subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex promotes leukemogenesis.

Protein synthesis is frequently deregulated during tumorigenesis. However, the precise contexts of selective translational control and the regulators of such mechanisms in cancer is poorly understood. Here, we uncovered CNOT3, a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex, as an essential modulator of translation in myeloid leukemia.

Multimodal detection of molecular residual disease in high-risk locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Up to 30% of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) relapse. Molecular residual disease (MRD) detection using multiple assays after definitive therapy has not been reported. In this study, we included patients with LA-HNSCC (stage III Human Papilloma virus (HPV)-positive, III-IVB HPV-negative) treated with curative intent.

RADCURE: An open-source head and neck cancer CT dataset for clinical radiation therapy insights.

Purpose: This manuscript presents RADCURE, one of the most extensive head and neck cancer (HNC) imaging datasets accessible to the public. Initially collected for clinical radiation therapy (RT) treatment planning, this dataset has been retrospectively reconstructed for use in imaging research.

Acquisition And Validation Methods: RADCURE encompasses data from 3346 patients, featuring computed tomography (CT) RT simulation images with corresponding target and organ-at-risk contours.