Impact of an Oncology Clinical Pharmacist Intervention on Clinical Trial Enrollment in The US Oncology Network's MYLUNG Consortium.

Introduction: The Molecularly Informed Lung Cancer Treatment in a Community Cancer Network: A Pragmatic Consortium™ (MYLUNG) clinical trial platform aims to advance the use of precision medicine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer through a series of prospective and iterative clinical trials. Timely patient accrual onto oncology clinical trials is a known practice challenge and impaired accrual rates can lead to premature trial closure or properly powered trial outcomes. The US Oncology Network recently implemented a clinical pharmacist (ClinReview) initiative to provide remote clinical services to screen patients for enrollment onto MYLUNG Protocol 2.

Biomarker testing and tissue journey among patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving first-line therapy in The US Oncology Network.

Objectives: The MYLUNG (Molecularly Informed Lung Cancer Treatment in a Community Cancer Network) consortium pragmatic study assessed real-world biomarker testing rates and turnaround times within a large community-based oncology network.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational chart review study investigated patients with mNSCLC initiating first-line (1L) systemic therapy between 01-April-2018 and 31-March-2020. Biomarker testing rates and timing relative to 1L therapy for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, and PD-L1 were assessed, including use of next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Blood glucose control in healthy subject and patients receiving intravenous glucose infusion or total parenteral nutrition using glucagon-like peptide 1.

Aims: It was the aim of the study to examine whether the insulinotropic gut hormone GLP-1 is able to control or even normalise glycaemia in healthy subjects receiving intravenous glucose infusions and in severely ill patients hyperglycaemic during total parenteral nutrition.

Patients And Methods: Eight healthy subjects and nine patients were examined. The volunteers received, in six separate experiments in randomised order, intravenous glucose at doses of 0, 2 and 5mg kg(-1) min(-1), each with intravenous GLP-1 or placebo for 6 h.

One-year dietary toxicity study with methidathion in beagle dogs.

The purpose of this study was to determine the chronic toxicity of methidathion, an organophosphate insecticide, in dogs. Groups of beagle dogs, four/sex/dose, were fed methidathion at constant dietary concentrations of 0, 0.5, 2, 4, 40, or 140 ppm for 1 year.

Diet, hormonal, and metabolic factors affecting bone mineral density in adolescent amenorrheic and eumenorrheic female runners.

Seven adolescent female runners with secondary amenorrhea and six adolescent eumenorrheic female runners received dietary supplements of 1200 mg calcium carbonate and 400 IU vitamin D/d for 12 months. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the axial skeleton was measured by dual photon densitometry at the beginning and end of the 12 month period. Plasma estradiol and ionized calcium concentration were also determined.

An experimental evaluation of a prototype public access nutrition information system for supermarkets.

Located the Nutrition for a Lifetime System (NLS-1), a prototype interactive information system, in a large supermarket to help users decrease high-fat food purchases and increase high-fiber food purchases. Study participants were randomly assigned to control (n = 23; used the NLS-1 to enter food purchases only) or experimental (n = 26; viewed videodisc instructional programs, received prompts, made commitments, received feedback from the NLS-1) conditions. According to data entered in the NLS-1 and actual food shopping receipts, experimental participants significantly reduced higher fat purchases.

Menstrual function and eating behavior in female recreational weight lifters and competitive body builders.

A group of 103 female weight lifters (WL) and 92 control (C) women answered a survey concerning eating behavior and attitudes (including the Eating Disorder Inventory) and menstrual function. The incidence of menstrual dysfunction, defined as oligomenorrhea plus amenorrhea, was significantly higher for the WL (30%) than for the C (13%) not on contraceptive pills. Only 2% of the women had amenorrhea.

Altering shoppers' supermarket purchases to fit nutritional guidelines: an interactive information system.

This study reports the results of one effort to help supermarket shoppers alter food purchases to make purchases (and meals) that are lower in fat and higher in fiber. A prototype interactive information system using instructional video programs, feedback on purchases with specific goals for change, weekly programs, and the ability to track user interactions and intended purchases was evaluated. The major dependent measure was users' actual food purchases as derived from participants' highly detailed supermarket receipts.

Aerobic exercise and resistance weight-training during weight reduction. Implications for obese persons and athletes.

Weight reduction is a goal common to obese persons and some athletic groups. An optimal weight loss programme for both populations should selectively deplete body fat while maintaining lean tissue. Another concern, particularly for athletes but also for obese persons participating in an exercise programme, is maintenance of physical performance.

Macronutrient content of a hypoenergy diet affects nitrogen retention and muscle function in weight lifters.

Weight lifters (WL) attempt to achieve a low body fat while maintaining fat free mass (FFM) and muscle function. Body composition and isometric muscular endurance were tested in 19 experienced male WL at the end of a weight maintenance and exercise routine standardization week. The subjects were assigned to either a control (C), moderate-protein (0.

Nutrition knowledge and concerns of health and physical education teachers.

The results indicated that most (80%) of the teachers were fairly knowledgeable about the nutrition needs of athletes. However, while many teachers agreed that carbohydrates and fats were the main sources of muscular energy, 35% indicated that protein was the primary source of energy for muscular activity. Also, 12% agreed that the consumption of salt tablets during athletic events prevents muscle cramps.

Glucocorticoid effects on contact hypersensitivity and on the cutaneous response to ultraviolet light in the mouse.

A single exposure to 254 nm ultraviolet irradiation (UV) can systemically suppress experimental sensitization to the simple allergen 2,4-dinitro, 1-chlorobenzene (DNCB) in the mouse. We show here that topical application at the site of irradiation of the 21-oic acid methyl ester derivative of the synthetic glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (TAme) prevents UV suppression of sensitization. That is, mice painted with TAme at the site of UV exposure developed normal contact hypersensitivity (CH); mice exposed to UV only, like mice treated with the parent compound triamcinolone acetonide (TA), failed to be sensitized by DNCB applied to a distal site.

Exercise capacity and nitrogen loss during a high or low carbohydrate diet.

Twelve obese women completed a maximal and an endurance exercise test (70% peak VO2) during a weight maintenance week. For the next 4 wk, the women consumed either a high (71%) carbohydrate (HC) or a low (33%) carbohydrate (LC), isonitrogenous very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) of 2,219 kJ (530 kcal).d-1.

The effect of varying carbohydrate content of a very-low-caloric diet on resting metabolic rate and thyroid hormones.

Twelve obese women were studied to determine the effects of the combination of an aerobic exercise program with either a high carbohydrate (HC) very-low-caloric diet (VLCD) or a low carbohydrate (LC) VLCD diet on resting metabolic rate (RMR), serum thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (rT3). The response of these parameters was also examined when subjects switched from the VLCD to a mixed hypocaloric diet. Following a maintenance period, subjects consumed one of the two VLCDs for 28 days.

A battery of potential alternatives to the Draize test: uridine uptake inhibition, morphological cytotoxicity, macrophage chemotaxis and exfoliative cytology.

Four assays that may serve as components of a battery of alternatives to the conventional Draize test were described. The exfoliative cytology assay is a refinement of the Draize test that may provide a more sensitive and more objective end-point. The macrophage migration assay addresses the inflammatory aspects of the physiological response to irritation.

Exercise training improves insulin sensitivity in the obese Zucker rat.

The effect of exercise on in vivo insulin sensitivity was examined in lean and obese Zucker rats. Rats (6 to 7 weeks of age) were swum two hours per day or kept sedentary for 8 weeks. Exercise decreased body weight gain as well as percent of fat in both genotypes.

Lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis after swim training in obese Zucker rats.

Obese and lean Zucker rats, 7 wk old, were swim trained or kept sedentary. Another group of obese rats was food restricted and exercised. Half the rats were killed after training for 8 wk, the remainder were retired and killed after an additional 8 wk.

Exfoliative cytology as a refinement of the Draize eye irritancy test.

Collection of exfoliated cells from the eyes of albino rabbits was performed in conjunction with the Draize ocular irritancy test. At standard intervals after exposure to alcohols of known irritancy, exfoliated cells were retrieved from the conjunctival sac with a distilled water corneal rinse. These cells were fixed and then counted, centrifuged and stained by the method of Papanicolaou.

Role of physical activity in the etiology and treatment of childhood obesity.

Children in the United States are getting fatter and less active. Some childhood obesity undoubtedly develops from overeating but underactivity contributes to this condition. Various studies document less movement and lower intensity of activity in obese youth.

Effect of swim training on development of obesity in the genetically obese rat.

Seven-week-old female lean and obese Zucker rats were swim trained or kept sedentary for 8 wk. Another group of obese rats was exercised plus food restricted. During exercise training, obese and lean rats ate more but gained less body weight than sedentary controls.