Vitamin D3 mitigates aspirin-induced gastric injury by modulating gastrokines, E-cadherin, and inhibiting NLRP3 and NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway.

Background: The prevalence of gastric ulcers has grown significantly in the modern era affecting 10 % of global population. Aspirin downregulates gastrokines 1(GKN1) expression in gastric mucosa and GKN1 down-regulation results in gastric cancer. Vitamin D3 (Vit.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes Mitigated Hepatic Cirrhosis in Rats by Altering the Expression of miR-23b and miR-221.

Background: The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in liver cirrhosis is limited by their entrapment in the pulmonary vessels. Thus, the use of MSC-derived exosomes has become a promising strategy. The current work aimed to compare the role of human umbilical cord blood-MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and their derived exosomes in the alleviation of liver cirrhosis focusing on the role of miR-23b and miR-221 and their direct effectors in inflammatory and autophagic pathways.

Anticancer Properties of Garlic and Ginger Extract in Colon Cancer Cell Line.

Colon cancer typically affects older adults, though it can happen at any age. Colon cancer, also known as Caco-2, is caused by multiple epigenetic alterations and involves unregulated proliferation, differentiation, and invasion of neighboring tissues. Colon cancer patients have had surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy.

Tempol mitigates inflammation, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations of cadmium-induced parotid gland injury in rats.

Unlabelled: Cadmium (Cd) is a potent environmental pollutant that causes functional and structural damage to the salivary glands. Tempol (TEM) has powerful antioxidant activity that can potentially preserve organ function.

Aims: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of TEM on Cd-induced toxicity in rat parotid salivary glands.

A PDE1 inhibitor, vinpocetine, ameliorates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in adenine-induced chronic kidney injury in rats by targeting the DNMT1/Klotho/β-catenin/Snail 1 and MMP-7 pathways.

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is present with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vinpocetine (Vinpo) is used for treating cerebrovascular deficits, exhibiting some kidney-beneficial effects; however, its role in TIF is uncertain. So, the aim of this study was to investigate its potential impact on adenine-induced fibrotic CKD and explore the underlying mechanistic aspects.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells expressing Neat-1, Hotair-1, miR-21, miR-644, and miR-144 subsided cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian insufficiency by remodeling the IGF-1-kisspeptin system, ovarian apoptosis, and angiogenesis.

Ovarian insufficiency is one of the common reproductive disorders affecting women with limited therapeutic aids. Mesenchymal stem cells have been investigated in such disorders before yet, the exact mechanism of MSCs in ovarian regeneration regarding their epigenetic regulation remains elusive. The current study is to investigate the role of the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) lncRNA (Neat-1 and Hotair1) and miRNA (mir-21-5p, mir-144-5p, and mir-664-5p) in mitigating ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis as well as searching BM-MSCs in altering the expression of ovarian and hypothalamic IGF-1 - kisspeptin system in connection to HPG axis in a cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure rat model.

Role of and polymorphisms in clinical severity and outcomes of COVID-19 in Egypt.

Background: The clinical presentations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibit significant variation, ranging from asymptomatic cases to mortality resulting from severe pneumonia. Host genetics can partially explain this variation.

Objective: This study evaluated possible associations between severity and outcome of COVID-19 and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2285666 in the gene and SNP rs2070788 in the gene.

Dapagliflozin dampens liver fibrosis induced by common bile duct ligation in rats associated with the augmentation of the hepatic Sirt1/AMPK/PGC1α/FoxO1 axis.

Unlabelled: Liver fibrosis is considered an epidemic health problem due to different insults that lead to death. Dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is one of the newer anti-diabetic drugs used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DAPA exerted beneficial effects in many human and rat models due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities.

Unraveling the hepatic stellate cells mediated mechanisms in aging's influence on liver fibrosis.

Aging enhances numerous processes that compromise homeostasis and pathophysiological processes. Among these, activated HSCs play a pivotal role in advancing liver fibrosis. This research delved into how aging impacts liver fibrosis mechanisms.

Evaluation of Some Prognostic Biomarkers in Human Papillomavirus-Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related multi phenotypic sinonasal carcinoma (HMSC) is a recently described tumor subtype with an unknown prognosis, often misdiagnosed with other sinonasal carcinomas, and associated with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV). The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), ProExC, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and assess their association with survival and clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods: Between 2017 and 2022, 40 HMSC patients underwent surgical resection at the School of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals (Zagazig, Egypt).

Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes Tumorigenicity and Worsens Hodgkin Lymphoma Prognosis by Activating JAK/STAT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in 40% of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). During latency, EBV induces epigenetic alterations to the host genome and decreases the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of mRNA molecules and the end product of proteins for the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways, and their association with clinicopathological and prognostic parameters in patients with EBV-positive and -negative classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL).

Effect of Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole on the Placenta of Adult Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study.

Background: Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has recently been introduced as the preferred treatment option for ectopic pregnancy. To date, no study has investigated the effect of letrozole alone on placental tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of letrozole on the placenta of rats and to clarify the underlying mechanism.

Ameliorative effects of androstenediol against acetic acid-induced colitis in male wistar rats via inhibiting TLR4-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways through estrogen receptor β activation.

Unlabelled: 5-androstenediol (ADIOL) functions as a selective estrogen receptor β (ERβ) ligand with a protective effect against many diseases. So, we conducted a novel insight into its role in acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis and investigated its effect on TLR4-Mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB Pathways and the potential role of ERβ as contributing mechanisms.

Methods: Rats were randomized into 5 Groups; Control, Colitis, Colitis + mesalazine (MLZ), Colitis + ADIOL, and Colitis + ADIOL + PHTPP (ER-β antagonist).

The protective effect of allium cepa against ethylene glycol-induced kidney stones in rats.

1background: Kidney stones is one of the serious medical conditions affecting populations worldwide. So, we aimed in this study to investigate the protective effect of allium cepa administration against KSD.

2methods: 24 adult male albino rats were assigned into 3 groups; group I: control group; group II: received ethylene glycol (EG) in the drinking water for 4 weeks; and group III received EG in the drinking water plus freshly prepared allium cepa extract (ACE) for 4 weeks.

Sleep deprivation disturbs uterine contractility and structure in pregnant rats: role of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and transforming growth factor-β.

Sleep deprivation (SD) during pregnancy can impact the delivery procedure, with prolongation of the labor duration. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) are regulators of uterine remodeling. Their dysregulation is vital for abnormal placentation and uterine enlargement in complicated pregnancies.

Role of Circ-ITCH Gene Polymorphisms and Its Expression in Breast Cancer Susceptibility and Prognosis.

Introduction/objective: Breast cancer (BC) is the first leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females worldwide. We have investigated the correlation between circ-ITCH gene polymorphisms, circ-ITCH expression, and their effect on β-catenin levels and BC development.

Methods: Participants included 62 BC and 62 controls matched in terms of age.

Histological and biochemical evaluation of the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) versus titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs) on rat parotid gland.

The unlimited use of nanoparticles (NPs) results in toxic impacts on different tissues. The current study aimed to compare the adverse effects of AgNPs and TiONPs on the parotid gland of adult male albino rats as regards the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical changes, exploring the possible underlying mechanisms and the degree of improvement after cessation of administration. Fifty-four adult male albino rats were divided into control group (I), AgNPs-injected group (II), and TiONPs-injected group (III).

Repurposing of carvedilol to alleviate bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats: Repressing of TGF-β1/α-SMA/Smad2/3 and STAT3 gene expressions.

Unlabelled: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most widely studied interstitial lung disease. IPF eventually leads to respiratory insufficiency, lung cancer, and death. Carvedilol (CAR) is a third-generation β-adrenergic receptor antagonist with an α1-blocking effect.

Icosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to assess the effects of icosapent ethyl on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. 36 male Wister rats were equally divided into six groups: control, UC, mesalamine 100 mg/kg, icosapent 150mg/kg, icosapent 300 mg/kg, and EX527-icosapent 300 mg/kg groups.

Combined Bazedoxifene and Genistein Ameliorate Ovariectomy-Induced Hippocampal Neuro-Alterations via Activating CREB/BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway.

Objectives: The scientific research community devotes stupendous efforts to control the arguable counterbalance between the undesirable effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and post-menopausal syndrome. The recent emergence of 3rd generation selective estrogen receptor modulators and phytoestrogens has provided a promising alternative to HRT. Hence, we assessed the potential effects of combined Bazedoxifene and Genistein on hippocampal neuro-alterations induced by experimental ovariectomy.

The protective role of exogenous Ghrelin versus its combination with Zingerone on experimentally induced gastric ischemic-reperfusion in adult male albino rats.

Ghrelin is a gut hormone has stimulatory properties on food intake, fat deposition and growth hormone release. Zingerone is a component of ginger with multiple pharmacological activities. They were established that have protective roles against oxidative stress actions.

Therapeutic effect of the mesenchymal stem cells on vigabatrin-induced retinopathy in adult male albino rat.

Vigabatrin (VGB) is an effective antiepileptic drug used mainly to treat infantile spasms and refractory complex partial seizures. However, using VGB was restricted as it was known to cause retinal toxicity that appears as a severe peripheral visual field defect. Accordingly, this study was conducted to examine the histopathological and biochemical effects of VGB on the retina in adult male albino rats and assess the possible therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) against this potential toxicity.