Validate robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy with four equally-spaced ports without an assistant port.

To evaluate the usefulness of robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy with four equally-spaced ports (RA-TLH/4e) without an assistant port. In RA-TLH/4e, four da Vinci ports were placed horizontally at a height of 4 cm above the umbilicus with 8 cm equal spacing. Poor development of the surgical field or difficult forceps manipulations were handled with the endoscope and forceps movement (port-hopping).